From 60fe5926bb78bf4db02fc7310226139c86c66dea Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Joseph Walton-Rivers <joseph@walton-rivers.uk>
Date: Sat, 16 Apr 2022 00:00:21 +0100
Subject: [PATCH] gui stuff - WIP

---
 demo/main.cpp                       |    7 +-
 fggl/gfx/CMakeLists.txt             |    1 +
 fggl/gfx/atlas.cpp                  |   68 +
 fggl/gfx/ogl/CMakeLists.txt         |    6 +
 fggl/gfx/ogl/renderer.cpp           |    6 +-
 fggl/gui/containers.cpp             |   29 +
 fggl/stb/stb_connected_components.h | 1049 +++++
 fggl/stb/stb_divide.h               |  433 +++
 fggl/stb/stb_hexwave.h              |  680 ++++
 fggl/stb/stb_image_write.h          | 1724 +++++++++
 fggl/stb/stb_rect_pack.h            |  623 +++
 fggl/stb/stb_textedit.h             | 1429 +++++++
 fggl/stb/stb_truetype.h             | 5077 ++++++++++++++++++++++++
 fggl/stb/stb_vorbis.h               | 5584 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 include/fggl/gfx/atlas.hpp          |   51 +
 include/fggl/gfx/ogl/compat.hpp     |    2 +-
 include/fggl/gfx/ogl/renderer.hpp   |    2 +-
 include/fggl/gfx/paint.hpp          |   10 +
 include/fggl/gui/containers.hpp     |   63 +
 include/fggl/gui/gui.hpp            |    9 +
 include/fggl/gui/widget.hpp         |   35 +
 include/fggl/gui/widgets.hpp        |   36 +
 22 files changed, 16917 insertions(+), 7 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 fggl/gfx/atlas.cpp
 create mode 100644 fggl/gui/containers.cpp
 create mode 100644 fggl/stb/stb_connected_components.h
 create mode 100644 fggl/stb/stb_divide.h
 create mode 100644 fggl/stb/stb_hexwave.h
 create mode 100644 fggl/stb/stb_image_write.h
 create mode 100644 fggl/stb/stb_rect_pack.h
 create mode 100644 fggl/stb/stb_textedit.h
 create mode 100644 fggl/stb/stb_truetype.h
 create mode 100644 fggl/stb/stb_vorbis.h
 create mode 100644 include/fggl/gfx/atlas.hpp
 create mode 100644 include/fggl/gui/containers.hpp
 create mode 100644 include/fggl/gui/gui.hpp
 create mode 100644 include/fggl/gui/widget.hpp
 create mode 100644 include/fggl/gui/widgets.hpp

diff --git a/demo/main.cpp b/demo/main.cpp
index 5ea7c1f..60d60a9 100644
--- a/demo/main.cpp
+++ b/demo/main.cpp
@@ -7,9 +7,9 @@
 #include <fggl/app.hpp>
 #include <fggl/scenes/menu.hpp>
 
+#include <fggl/gfx/atlas.hpp>
 #include <fggl/gfx/window.hpp>
 #include <fggl/gfx/camera.hpp>
-#include <fggl/input/camera_input.h>
 
 #include <fggl/gfx/compat.hpp>
 #include <fggl/gfx/ogl/compat.hpp>
@@ -20,6 +20,8 @@
 #include <fggl/util/service.h>
 #include <fggl/ecs3/ecs.hpp>
 
+#include <fggl/input/camera_input.h>
+
 #include <fggl/debug/debug.h>
 #include <fggl/scenes/Scene.h>
 
@@ -371,6 +373,9 @@ int main(int argc, const char* argv[]) {
     auto storage = std::make_shared<fggl::data::Storage>();
     locator.supply<fggl::data::Storage>(storage);
 
+    std::vector< fggl::gfx::ImageAtlas<char>::SubImage > images;
+    auto atlas = fggl::gfx::ImageAtlas<char>::pack(images);
+
     // Would be nice to not take args like this, it messes with lifetimes
     auto& windowing = app.use<fggl::gfx::ecsGlfwModule>(inputs);
 
diff --git a/fggl/gfx/CMakeLists.txt b/fggl/gfx/CMakeLists.txt
index 0e81d51..3b9118f 100644
--- a/fggl/gfx/CMakeLists.txt
+++ b/fggl/gfx/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ target_sources(fggl
     PRIVATE
 	window.cpp
 	input.cpp
+    atlas.cpp
 )
 
 # OpenGL backend
diff --git a/fggl/gfx/atlas.cpp b/fggl/gfx/atlas.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f4b3486
--- /dev/null
+++ b/fggl/gfx/atlas.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,68 @@
+
+#include <fggl/gfx/atlas.hpp>
+
+#include <fggl/math/types.hpp>
+#include <array>
+#include <vector>
+#include <string>
+
+#define STBRP_STATIC
+#define STB_RECT_PACK_IMPLEMENTATION
+#include "../stb/stb_rect_pack.h"
+
+using Query = std::vector<fggl::gfx::Bounds2D>;
+
+static void populate_stbrp_query(Query& query, std::vector<stbrp_rect>& data) {
+    for ( std::size_t i = 0; i < query.size(); i++ ) {
+        data.push_back({
+            .id = (int)i,
+            .w = query[i].size.x,
+            .h = query[i].size.y,
+            .x = 0,
+            .y = 0,
+            .was_packed = 0
+        });
+    }
+}
+
+static void unpack_stbrp_query(Query& query, std::vector<stbrp_rect>& data) {
+    for( const auto& rect : data ) {
+        query[ rect.id ].pos = { rect.x, rect.y };
+    }
+}
+
+bool pack_iter(int width, int height, std::vector<stbrp_rect>& query) {
+    stbrp_node* tmp = new stbrp_node[width];
+
+    // setup context
+    stbrp_context context;
+    stbrp_init_target( &context, width, height, tmp, width );
+
+    // see if it worked
+    auto result = stbrp_pack_rects( &context, query.data(), query.size() );
+    return result == 1;
+}
+
+namespace fggl::gfx {
+
+
+    bool pack(std::vector<Bounds2D>& pack){
+        // setup query structure
+        std::vector<stbrp_rect> query;
+        query.reserve( pack.size() );
+        populate_stbrp_query(pack, query);
+
+        // try packing into powers of 2, starting with 32, up to 4096
+        for ( int i=5; i <= 12; i++ ) {
+            int dim = i * i;
+            if ( pack_iter(dim, dim, query) ) {
+                unpack_stbrp_query(pack, query);
+                return true;
+            }
+        }
+
+        return false;
+    }
+
+} // namespace fggl::gfx
+
diff --git a/fggl/gfx/ogl/CMakeLists.txt b/fggl/gfx/ogl/CMakeLists.txt
index d351a1b..62e8533 100644
--- a/fggl/gfx/ogl/CMakeLists.txt
+++ b/fggl/gfx/ogl/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -16,4 +16,10 @@ target_link_libraries(fggl PUBLIC OpenGL::OpenGL GLEW)
 find_package( GLEW REQUIRED )
 include_directories( ${GLEW_INCLUDE_DIRS} )
 
+# Math
+# probably shouldn't be graphics dependent...
 find_package( glm REQUIRED )
+
+# FreeType
+find_package(Freetype REQUIRED )
+target_link_libraries(fggl PUBLIC Freetype::Freetype)
diff --git a/fggl/gfx/ogl/renderer.cpp b/fggl/gfx/ogl/renderer.cpp
index b063dd3..410f146 100644
--- a/fggl/gfx/ogl/renderer.cpp
+++ b/fggl/gfx/ogl/renderer.cpp
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-
 #include <spdlog/spdlog.h>
 
 #include <fggl/gfx/ogl/renderer.hpp>
@@ -16,7 +15,6 @@
 #include <glm/gtc/type_ptr.hpp>
 #include <memory>
 
-
 /**
  * Future optimisations:
  *   recommended approach is to group stuff in to as few vao as possible - this will do one vao per mesh, aka bad.
@@ -248,13 +246,13 @@ void MeshRenderer::render(fggl::ecs3::World& ecs, ecs3::entity_t camera, float d
 
 	    glBindVertexArray( mesh->vao );
 
-        if ( mesh->renderType == GlRenderType::trinagle_strip) {
+        if ( mesh->renderType == GlRenderType::triangle_strip) {
             glEnable(GL_PRIMITIVE_RESTART);
             glPrimitiveRestartIndex(mesh->restartVertex);
         }
 
         glDrawElements( mesh->renderType, mesh->idxSize, GL_UNSIGNED_INT, reinterpret_cast<void*>(mesh->idxOffset) );
-        if ( mesh->renderType == GlRenderType::trinagle_strip) {
+        if ( mesh->renderType == GlRenderType::triangle_strip) {
             glDisable(GL_PRIMITIVE_RESTART);
         }
     }
diff --git a/fggl/gui/containers.cpp b/fggl/gui/containers.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..33f83e2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/fggl/gui/containers.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+#include <fggl/gui/containers.hpp>
+
+namespace fggl::gui {
+
+	Box::Box( LayoutAxis axis ) : m_axis( axis ) {}
+	
+	void Box::layout() {
+		math::vec2 baseSize{};
+		
+		const int mainAxis = 0;
+		const int crossAxis = 1;
+		
+		// ask for preferred sizes
+		for ( auto& child : m_children ) {
+			auto childBaseSize = child.baseSize();
+			
+			baseSize[mainAxis] += childBaseSize[mainAxis];
+			if ( childBaseSize[crossAxis] > baseSize[crossAxis] ) {
+				baseSize[crossAxis] = childBaseSize[crossAxis];			
+			}
+		}
+		
+		if ( lineAxis == 0 )
+			setSize(lineSum, biggestCross);
+		else
+			setSize(biggestCross, lineSum);
+	}
+
+};
diff --git a/fggl/stb/stb_connected_components.h b/fggl/stb/stb_connected_components.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f762f65
--- /dev/null
+++ b/fggl/stb/stb_connected_components.h
@@ -0,0 +1,1049 @@
+// stb_connected_components - v0.96 - public domain connected components on grids
+//                                                 http://github.com/nothings/stb
+//
+// Finds connected components on 2D grids for testing reachability between
+// two points, with fast updates when changing reachability (e.g. on one machine
+// it was typically 0.2ms w/ 1024x1024 grid). Each grid square must be "open" or
+// "closed" (traversable or untraversable), and grid squares are only connected
+// to their orthogonal neighbors, not diagonally.
+//
+// In one source file, create the implementation by doing something like this:
+//
+//   #define STBCC_GRID_COUNT_X_LOG2    10
+//   #define STBCC_GRID_COUNT_Y_LOG2    10
+//   #define STB_CONNECTED_COMPONENTS_IMPLEMENTATION
+//   #include "stb_connected_components.h"
+//
+// The above creates an implementation that can run on maps up to 1024x1024.
+// Map sizes must be a multiple of (1<<(LOG2/2)) on each axis (e.g. 32 if LOG2=10,
+// 16 if LOG2=8, etc.) (You can just pad your map with untraversable space.)
+//
+// MEMORY USAGE
+//
+//   Uses about 6-7 bytes per grid square (e.g. 7MB for a 1024x1024 grid).
+//   Uses a single worst-case allocation which you pass in.
+//
+// PERFORMANCE
+//
+//   On a core i7-2700K at 3.5 Ghz, for a particular 1024x1024 map (map_03.png):
+//
+//       Creating map                   : 44.85 ms
+//       Making one square   traversable:  0.27 ms    (average over 29,448 calls)
+//       Making one square untraversable:  0.23 ms    (average over 30,123 calls)
+//       Reachability query:               0.00001 ms (average over 4,000,000 calls)
+//
+//   On non-degenerate maps update time is O(N^0.5), but on degenerate maps like
+//   checkerboards or 50% random, update time is O(N^0.75) (~2ms on above machine).
+//
+// CHANGELOG
+//
+//    0.96  (2019-03-04)  Fix warnings
+//    0.95  (2016-10-16)  Bugfix if multiple clumps in one cluster connect to same clump in another
+//    0.94  (2016-04-17)  Bugfix & optimize worst case (checkerboard & random)
+//    0.93  (2016-04-16)  Reduce memory by 10x for 1Kx1K map; small speedup
+//    0.92  (2016-04-16)  Compute sqrt(N) cluster size by default
+//    0.91  (2016-04-15)  Initial release
+//
+// TODO:
+//    - better API documentation
+//    - more comments
+//    - try re-integrating naive algorithm & compare performance
+//    - more optimized batching (current approach still recomputes local clumps many times)
+//    - function for setting a grid of squares at once (just use batching)
+//
+// LICENSE
+//
+//   See end of file for license information.
+//
+// ALGORITHM
+//
+//   The NxN grid map is split into sqrt(N) x sqrt(N) blocks called
+//  "clusters". Each cluster independently computes a set of connected
+//   components within that cluster (ignoring all connectivity out of
+//   that cluster) using a union-find disjoint set forest. This produces a bunch
+//   of locally connected components called "clumps". Each clump is (a) connected
+//   within its cluster, (b) does not directly connect to any other clumps in the
+//   cluster (though it may connect to them by paths that lead outside the cluster,
+//   but those are ignored at this step), and (c) maintains an adjacency list of
+//   all clumps in adjacent clusters that it _is_ connected to. Then a second
+//   union-find disjoint set forest is used to compute connected clumps
+//   globally, across the whole map. Reachability is then computed by
+//   finding which clump each input point belongs to, and checking whether
+//   those clumps are in the same "global" connected component.
+//
+//   The above data structure can be updated efficiently; on a change
+//   of a single grid square on the map, only one cluster changes its
+//   purely-local state, so only one cluster needs its clumps fully
+//   recomputed. Clumps in adjacent clusters need their adjacency lists
+//   updated: first to remove all references to the old clumps in the
+//   rebuilt cluster, then to add new references to the new clumps. Both
+//   of these operations can use the existing "find which clump each input
+//   point belongs to" query to compute that adjacency information rapidly.
+
+#ifndef INCLUDE_STB_CONNECTED_COMPONENTS_H
+#define INCLUDE_STB_CONNECTED_COMPONENTS_H
+
+#include <stdlib.h>
+
+typedef struct st_stbcc_grid stbcc_grid;
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+extern "C" {
+#endif
+
+//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+//
+//  initialization
+//
+
+// you allocate the grid data structure to this size (note that it will be very big!!!)
+extern size_t stbcc_grid_sizeof(void);
+
+// initialize the grid, value of map[] is 0 = traversable, non-0 is solid
+extern void stbcc_init_grid(stbcc_grid *g, unsigned char *map, int w, int h);
+
+
+//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+//
+//  main functionality
+//
+
+// update a grid square state, 0 = traversable, non-0 is solid
+// i can add a batch-update if it's needed
+extern void stbcc_update_grid(stbcc_grid *g, int x, int y, int solid);
+
+// query if two grid squares are reachable from each other
+extern int stbcc_query_grid_node_connection(stbcc_grid *g, int x1, int y1, int x2, int y2);
+
+
+//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+//
+//  bonus functions
+//
+
+// wrap multiple stbcc_update_grid calls in these function to compute
+// multiple updates more efficiently; cannot make queries inside batch
+extern void stbcc_update_batch_begin(stbcc_grid *g);
+extern void stbcc_update_batch_end(stbcc_grid *g);
+
+// query the grid data structure for whether a given square is open or not
+extern int stbcc_query_grid_open(stbcc_grid *g, int x, int y);
+
+// get a unique id for the connected component this is in; it's not necessarily
+// small, you'll need a hash table or something to remap it (or just use
+extern unsigned int stbcc_get_unique_id(stbcc_grid *g, int x, int y);
+#define STBCC_NULL_UNIQUE_ID 0xffffffff // returned for closed map squares
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+}
+#endif
+
+#endif // INCLUDE_STB_CONNECTED_COMPONENTS_H
+
+#ifdef STB_CONNECTED_COMPONENTS_IMPLEMENTATION
+
+#include <assert.h>
+#include <string.h> // memset
+
+#if !defined(STBCC_GRID_COUNT_X_LOG2) || !defined(STBCC_GRID_COUNT_Y_LOG2)
+   #error "You must define STBCC_GRID_COUNT_X_LOG2 and STBCC_GRID_COUNT_Y_LOG2 to define the max grid supported."
+#endif
+
+#define STBCC__GRID_COUNT_X (1 << STBCC_GRID_COUNT_X_LOG2)
+#define STBCC__GRID_COUNT_Y (1 << STBCC_GRID_COUNT_Y_LOG2)
+
+#define STBCC__MAP_STRIDE   (1 << (STBCC_GRID_COUNT_X_LOG2-3))
+
+#ifndef STBCC_CLUSTER_SIZE_X_LOG2
+   #define STBCC_CLUSTER_SIZE_X_LOG2   (STBCC_GRID_COUNT_X_LOG2/2) // log2(sqrt(2^N)) = 1/2 * log2(2^N)) = 1/2 * N
+   #if STBCC_CLUSTER_SIZE_X_LOG2 > 6
+   #undef STBCC_CLUSTER_SIZE_X_LOG2
+   #define STBCC_CLUSTER_SIZE_X_LOG2 6
+   #endif
+#endif
+
+#ifndef STBCC_CLUSTER_SIZE_Y_LOG2
+   #define STBCC_CLUSTER_SIZE_Y_LOG2   (STBCC_GRID_COUNT_Y_LOG2/2)
+   #if STBCC_CLUSTER_SIZE_Y_LOG2 > 6
+   #undef STBCC_CLUSTER_SIZE_Y_LOG2
+   #define STBCC_CLUSTER_SIZE_Y_LOG2 6
+   #endif
+#endif
+
+#define STBCC__CLUSTER_SIZE_X   (1 << STBCC_CLUSTER_SIZE_X_LOG2)
+#define STBCC__CLUSTER_SIZE_Y   (1 << STBCC_CLUSTER_SIZE_Y_LOG2)
+
+#define STBCC__CLUSTER_COUNT_X_LOG2   (STBCC_GRID_COUNT_X_LOG2 - STBCC_CLUSTER_SIZE_X_LOG2)
+#define STBCC__CLUSTER_COUNT_Y_LOG2   (STBCC_GRID_COUNT_Y_LOG2 - STBCC_CLUSTER_SIZE_Y_LOG2)
+
+#define STBCC__CLUSTER_COUNT_X  (1 << STBCC__CLUSTER_COUNT_X_LOG2)
+#define STBCC__CLUSTER_COUNT_Y  (1 << STBCC__CLUSTER_COUNT_Y_LOG2)
+
+#if STBCC__CLUSTER_SIZE_X >= STBCC__GRID_COUNT_X || STBCC__CLUSTER_SIZE_Y >= STBCC__GRID_COUNT_Y
+   #error "STBCC_CLUSTER_SIZE_X/Y_LOG2 must be smaller than STBCC_GRID_COUNT_X/Y_LOG2"
+#endif
+
+// worst case # of clumps per cluster
+#define STBCC__MAX_CLUMPS_PER_CLUSTER_LOG2   (STBCC_CLUSTER_SIZE_X_LOG2 + STBCC_CLUSTER_SIZE_Y_LOG2-1)
+#define STBCC__MAX_CLUMPS_PER_CLUSTER        (1 << STBCC__MAX_CLUMPS_PER_CLUSTER_LOG2)
+#define STBCC__MAX_CLUMPS                    (STBCC__MAX_CLUMPS_PER_CLUSTER * STBCC__CLUSTER_COUNT_X * STBCC__CLUSTER_COUNT_Y)
+#define STBCC__NULL_CLUMPID                  STBCC__MAX_CLUMPS_PER_CLUSTER
+
+#define STBCC__CLUSTER_X_FOR_COORD_X(x)  ((x) >> STBCC_CLUSTER_SIZE_X_LOG2)
+#define STBCC__CLUSTER_Y_FOR_COORD_Y(y)  ((y) >> STBCC_CLUSTER_SIZE_Y_LOG2)
+
+#define STBCC__MAP_BYTE_MASK(x,y)       (1 << ((x) & 7))
+#define STBCC__MAP_BYTE(g,x,y)          ((g)->map[y][(x) >> 3])
+#define STBCC__MAP_OPEN(g,x,y)          (STBCC__MAP_BYTE(g,x,y) & STBCC__MAP_BYTE_MASK(x,y))
+
+typedef unsigned short stbcc__clumpid;
+typedef unsigned char stbcc__verify_max_clumps[STBCC__MAX_CLUMPS_PER_CLUSTER < (1 << (8*sizeof(stbcc__clumpid))) ? 1 : -1];
+
+#define STBCC__MAX_EXITS_PER_CLUSTER   (STBCC__CLUSTER_SIZE_X + STBCC__CLUSTER_SIZE_Y)   // 64 for 32x32
+#define STBCC__MAX_EXITS_PER_CLUMP     (STBCC__CLUSTER_SIZE_X + STBCC__CLUSTER_SIZE_Y)   // 64 for 32x32
+#define STBCC__MAX_EDGE_CLUMPS_PER_CLUSTER  (STBCC__MAX_EXITS_PER_CLUMP)
+
+// 2^19 * 2^6 => 2^25 exits => 2^26  => 64MB for 1024x1024
+
+// Logic for above on 4x4 grid:
+//
+// Many clumps:      One clump:
+//   + +               +  +
+//  +X.X.             +XX.X+
+//   .X.X+             .XXX
+//  +X.X.              XXX.
+//   .X.X+            +X.XX+
+//    + +              +  +
+//
+// 8 exits either way
+
+typedef unsigned char stbcc__verify_max_exits[STBCC__MAX_EXITS_PER_CLUMP <= 256];
+
+typedef struct
+{
+   unsigned short clump_index:12;
+     signed short cluster_dx:2;
+     signed short cluster_dy:2;
+} stbcc__relative_clumpid;
+
+typedef union
+{
+   struct {
+      unsigned int clump_index:12;
+      unsigned int cluster_x:10;
+      unsigned int cluster_y:10;
+   } f;
+   unsigned int c;
+} stbcc__global_clumpid;
+
+// rebuilt cluster 3,4
+
+// what changes in cluster 2,4
+
+typedef struct
+{
+   stbcc__global_clumpid global_label;        // 4
+   unsigned char num_adjacent;                // 1
+   unsigned char max_adjacent;                // 1
+   unsigned char adjacent_clump_list_index;   // 1
+   unsigned char reserved;
+} stbcc__clump; // 8
+
+#define STBCC__CLUSTER_ADJACENCY_COUNT   (STBCC__MAX_EXITS_PER_CLUSTER*2)
+typedef struct
+{
+   short num_clumps;
+   unsigned char num_edge_clumps;
+   unsigned char rebuild_adjacency;
+   stbcc__clump clump[STBCC__MAX_CLUMPS_PER_CLUSTER];       // 8 * 2^9 = 4KB
+   stbcc__relative_clumpid adjacency_storage[STBCC__CLUSTER_ADJACENCY_COUNT]; // 256 bytes
+} stbcc__cluster;
+
+struct st_stbcc_grid
+{
+   int w,h,cw,ch;
+   int in_batched_update;
+   //unsigned char cluster_dirty[STBCC__CLUSTER_COUNT_Y][STBCC__CLUSTER_COUNT_X]; // could bitpack, but: 1K x 1K => 1KB
+   unsigned char map[STBCC__GRID_COUNT_Y][STBCC__MAP_STRIDE]; // 1K x 1K => 1K x 128 => 128KB
+   stbcc__clumpid clump_for_node[STBCC__GRID_COUNT_Y][STBCC__GRID_COUNT_X];  // 1K x 1K x 2 = 2MB
+   stbcc__cluster cluster[STBCC__CLUSTER_COUNT_Y][STBCC__CLUSTER_COUNT_X]; //  1K x 4.5KB = 4.5MB
+};
+
+int stbcc_query_grid_node_connection(stbcc_grid *g, int x1, int y1, int x2, int y2)
+{
+   stbcc__global_clumpid label1, label2;
+   stbcc__clumpid c1 = g->clump_for_node[y1][x1];
+   stbcc__clumpid c2 = g->clump_for_node[y2][x2];
+   int cx1 = STBCC__CLUSTER_X_FOR_COORD_X(x1);
+   int cy1 = STBCC__CLUSTER_Y_FOR_COORD_Y(y1);
+   int cx2 = STBCC__CLUSTER_X_FOR_COORD_X(x2);
+   int cy2 = STBCC__CLUSTER_Y_FOR_COORD_Y(y2);
+   assert(!g->in_batched_update);
+   if (c1 == STBCC__NULL_CLUMPID || c2 == STBCC__NULL_CLUMPID)
+      return 0;
+   label1 = g->cluster[cy1][cx1].clump[c1].global_label;
+   label2 = g->cluster[cy2][cx2].clump[c2].global_label;
+   if (label1.c == label2.c)
+      return 1;
+   return 0;
+}
+
+int stbcc_query_grid_open(stbcc_grid *g, int x, int y)
+{
+   return STBCC__MAP_OPEN(g, x, y) != 0;
+}
+
+unsigned int stbcc_get_unique_id(stbcc_grid *g, int x, int y)
+{
+   stbcc__clumpid c = g->clump_for_node[y][x];
+   int cx = STBCC__CLUSTER_X_FOR_COORD_X(x);
+   int cy = STBCC__CLUSTER_Y_FOR_COORD_Y(y);
+   assert(!g->in_batched_update);
+   if (c == STBCC__NULL_CLUMPID) return STBCC_NULL_UNIQUE_ID;
+   return g->cluster[cy][cx].clump[c].global_label.c;
+}
+
+typedef struct
+{
+   unsigned char x,y;
+} stbcc__tinypoint;
+
+typedef struct
+{
+   stbcc__tinypoint parent[STBCC__CLUSTER_SIZE_Y][STBCC__CLUSTER_SIZE_X]; // 32x32 => 2KB
+   stbcc__clumpid   label[STBCC__CLUSTER_SIZE_Y][STBCC__CLUSTER_SIZE_X];
+} stbcc__cluster_build_info;
+
+static void stbcc__build_clumps_for_cluster(stbcc_grid *g, int cx, int cy);
+static void stbcc__remove_connections_to_adjacent_cluster(stbcc_grid *g, int cx, int cy, int dx, int dy);
+static void stbcc__add_connections_to_adjacent_cluster(stbcc_grid *g, int cx, int cy, int dx, int dy);
+
+static stbcc__global_clumpid stbcc__clump_find(stbcc_grid *g, stbcc__global_clumpid n)
+{
+   stbcc__global_clumpid q;
+   stbcc__clump *c = &g->cluster[n.f.cluster_y][n.f.cluster_x].clump[n.f.clump_index];
+
+   if (c->global_label.c == n.c)
+      return n;
+
+   q = stbcc__clump_find(g, c->global_label);
+   c->global_label = q;
+   return q;
+}
+
+typedef struct
+{
+   unsigned int cluster_x;
+   unsigned int cluster_y;
+   unsigned int clump_index;
+} stbcc__unpacked_clumpid;
+
+static void stbcc__clump_union(stbcc_grid *g, stbcc__unpacked_clumpid m, int x, int y, int idx)
+{
+   stbcc__clump *mc = &g->cluster[m.cluster_y][m.cluster_x].clump[m.clump_index];
+   stbcc__clump *nc = &g->cluster[y][x].clump[idx];
+   stbcc__global_clumpid mp = stbcc__clump_find(g, mc->global_label);
+   stbcc__global_clumpid np = stbcc__clump_find(g, nc->global_label);
+
+   if (mp.c == np.c)
+      return;
+
+   g->cluster[mp.f.cluster_y][mp.f.cluster_x].clump[mp.f.clump_index].global_label = np;
+}
+
+static void stbcc__build_connected_components_for_clumps(stbcc_grid *g)
+{
+   int i,j,k,h;
+
+   for (j=0; j < STBCC__CLUSTER_COUNT_Y; ++j) {
+      for (i=0; i < STBCC__CLUSTER_COUNT_X; ++i) {
+         stbcc__cluster *cluster = &g->cluster[j][i];
+         for (k=0; k < (int) cluster->num_edge_clumps; ++k) {
+            stbcc__global_clumpid m;
+            m.f.clump_index = k;
+            m.f.cluster_x = i;
+            m.f.cluster_y = j;
+            assert((int) m.f.clump_index == k && (int) m.f.cluster_x == i && (int) m.f.cluster_y == j);
+            cluster->clump[k].global_label = m;
+         }
+      }
+   }
+
+   for (j=0; j < STBCC__CLUSTER_COUNT_Y; ++j) {
+      for (i=0; i < STBCC__CLUSTER_COUNT_X; ++i) {
+         stbcc__cluster *cluster = &g->cluster[j][i];
+         for (k=0; k < (int) cluster->num_edge_clumps; ++k) {
+            stbcc__clump *clump = &cluster->clump[k];
+            stbcc__unpacked_clumpid m;
+            stbcc__relative_clumpid *adj;
+            m.clump_index = k;
+            m.cluster_x = i;
+            m.cluster_y = j;
+            adj = &cluster->adjacency_storage[clump->adjacent_clump_list_index];
+            for (h=0; h < clump->num_adjacent; ++h) {
+               unsigned int clump_index = adj[h].clump_index;
+               unsigned int x = adj[h].cluster_dx + i;
+               unsigned int y = adj[h].cluster_dy + j;
+               stbcc__clump_union(g, m, x, y, clump_index);
+            }
+         }
+      }
+   }
+
+   for (j=0; j < STBCC__CLUSTER_COUNT_Y; ++j) {
+      for (i=0; i < STBCC__CLUSTER_COUNT_X; ++i) {
+         stbcc__cluster *cluster = &g->cluster[j][i];
+         for (k=0; k < (int) cluster->num_edge_clumps; ++k) {
+            stbcc__global_clumpid m;
+            m.f.clump_index = k;
+            m.f.cluster_x = i;
+            m.f.cluster_y = j;
+            stbcc__clump_find(g, m);
+         }
+      }
+   }
+}
+
+static void stbcc__build_all_connections_for_cluster(stbcc_grid *g, int cx, int cy)
+{
+   // in this particular case, we are fully non-incremental. that means we
+   // can discover the correct sizes for the arrays, but requires we build
+   // the data into temporary data structures, or just count the sizes, so
+   // for simplicity we do the latter
+   stbcc__cluster *cluster = &g->cluster[cy][cx];
+   unsigned char connected[STBCC__MAX_EDGE_CLUMPS_PER_CLUSTER][STBCC__MAX_EDGE_CLUMPS_PER_CLUSTER/8]; // 64 x 8 => 1KB
+   unsigned char num_adj[STBCC__MAX_CLUMPS_PER_CLUSTER] = { 0 };
+   int x = cx * STBCC__CLUSTER_SIZE_X;
+   int y = cy * STBCC__CLUSTER_SIZE_Y;
+   int step_x, step_y=0, i, j, k, n, m, dx, dy, total;
+   int extra;
+
+   g->cluster[cy][cx].rebuild_adjacency = 0;
+
+   total = 0;
+   for (m=0; m < 4; ++m) {
+      switch (m) {
+         case 0:
+            dx = 1, dy = 0;
+            step_x = 0, step_y = 1;
+            i = STBCC__CLUSTER_SIZE_X-1;
+            j = 0;
+            n = STBCC__CLUSTER_SIZE_Y;
+            break;
+         case 1:
+            dx = -1, dy = 0;
+            i = 0;
+            j = 0;
+            step_x = 0;
+            step_y = 1;
+            n = STBCC__CLUSTER_SIZE_Y;
+            break;
+         case 2:
+            dy = -1, dx = 0;
+            i = 0;
+            j = 0;
+            step_x = 1;
+            step_y = 0;
+            n = STBCC__CLUSTER_SIZE_X;
+            break;
+         case 3:
+            dy = 1, dx = 0;
+            i = 0;
+            j = STBCC__CLUSTER_SIZE_Y-1;
+            step_x = 1;
+            step_y = 0;
+            n = STBCC__CLUSTER_SIZE_X;
+            break;
+      }
+
+      if (cx+dx < 0 || cx+dx >= g->cw || cy+dy < 0 || cy+dy >= g->ch)
+         continue;
+
+      memset(connected, 0, sizeof(connected));
+      for (k=0; k < n; ++k) {
+         if (STBCC__MAP_OPEN(g, x+i, y+j) && STBCC__MAP_OPEN(g, x+i+dx, y+j+dy)) {
+            stbcc__clumpid src = g->clump_for_node[y+j][x+i];
+            stbcc__clumpid dest = g->clump_for_node[y+j+dy][x+i+dx];
+            if (0 == (connected[src][dest>>3] & (1 << (dest & 7)))) {
+               connected[src][dest>>3] |= 1 << (dest & 7);
+               ++num_adj[src];
+               ++total;
+            }
+         }
+         i += step_x;
+         j += step_y;
+      }
+   }
+
+   assert(total <= STBCC__CLUSTER_ADJACENCY_COUNT);
+
+   // decide how to apportion unused adjacency slots; only clumps that lie
+   // on the edges of the cluster need adjacency slots, so divide them up
+   // evenly between those clumps
+
+   // we want:
+   //    extra = (STBCC__CLUSTER_ADJACENCY_COUNT - total) / cluster->num_edge_clumps;
+   // but we efficiently approximate this without a divide, because
+   // ignoring edge-vs-non-edge with 'num_adj[i]*2' was faster than
+   // 'num_adj[i]+extra' with the divide
+   if      (total + (cluster->num_edge_clumps<<2) <= STBCC__CLUSTER_ADJACENCY_COUNT)
+      extra = 4;
+   else if (total + (cluster->num_edge_clumps<<1) <= STBCC__CLUSTER_ADJACENCY_COUNT)
+      extra = 2;
+   else if (total + (cluster->num_edge_clumps<<0) <= STBCC__CLUSTER_ADJACENCY_COUNT)
+      extra = 1;
+   else
+      extra = 0;
+
+   total = 0;
+   for (i=0; i < (int) cluster->num_edge_clumps; ++i) {
+      int alloc = num_adj[i]+extra;
+      if (alloc > STBCC__MAX_EXITS_PER_CLUSTER)
+         alloc = STBCC__MAX_EXITS_PER_CLUSTER;
+      assert(total < 256); // must fit in byte
+      cluster->clump[i].adjacent_clump_list_index = (unsigned char) total;
+      cluster->clump[i].max_adjacent = alloc;
+      cluster->clump[i].num_adjacent = 0;
+      total += alloc;
+   }
+   assert(total <= STBCC__CLUSTER_ADJACENCY_COUNT);
+
+   stbcc__add_connections_to_adjacent_cluster(g, cx, cy, -1, 0);
+   stbcc__add_connections_to_adjacent_cluster(g, cx, cy,  1, 0);
+   stbcc__add_connections_to_adjacent_cluster(g, cx, cy,  0,-1);
+   stbcc__add_connections_to_adjacent_cluster(g, cx, cy,  0, 1);
+   // make sure all of the above succeeded.
+   assert(g->cluster[cy][cx].rebuild_adjacency == 0);
+}
+
+static void stbcc__add_connections_to_adjacent_cluster_with_rebuild(stbcc_grid *g, int cx, int cy, int dx, int dy)
+{
+   if (cx >= 0 && cx < g->cw && cy >= 0 && cy < g->ch) {
+      stbcc__add_connections_to_adjacent_cluster(g, cx, cy, dx, dy);
+      if (g->cluster[cy][cx].rebuild_adjacency)
+         stbcc__build_all_connections_for_cluster(g, cx, cy);
+   }
+}
+
+void stbcc_update_grid(stbcc_grid *g, int x, int y, int solid)
+{
+   int cx,cy;
+
+   if (!solid) {
+      if (STBCC__MAP_OPEN(g,x,y))
+         return;
+   } else {
+      if (!STBCC__MAP_OPEN(g,x,y))
+         return;
+   }
+
+   cx = STBCC__CLUSTER_X_FOR_COORD_X(x);
+   cy = STBCC__CLUSTER_Y_FOR_COORD_Y(y);
+
+   stbcc__remove_connections_to_adjacent_cluster(g, cx-1, cy,  1, 0);
+   stbcc__remove_connections_to_adjacent_cluster(g, cx+1, cy, -1, 0);
+   stbcc__remove_connections_to_adjacent_cluster(g, cx, cy-1,  0, 1);
+   stbcc__remove_connections_to_adjacent_cluster(g, cx, cy+1,  0,-1);
+
+   if (!solid)
+      STBCC__MAP_BYTE(g,x,y) |= STBCC__MAP_BYTE_MASK(x,y);
+   else
+      STBCC__MAP_BYTE(g,x,y) &= ~STBCC__MAP_BYTE_MASK(x,y);
+
+   stbcc__build_clumps_for_cluster(g, cx, cy);
+   stbcc__build_all_connections_for_cluster(g, cx, cy);
+
+   stbcc__add_connections_to_adjacent_cluster_with_rebuild(g, cx-1, cy,  1, 0);
+   stbcc__add_connections_to_adjacent_cluster_with_rebuild(g, cx+1, cy, -1, 0);
+   stbcc__add_connections_to_adjacent_cluster_with_rebuild(g, cx, cy-1,  0, 1);
+   stbcc__add_connections_to_adjacent_cluster_with_rebuild(g, cx, cy+1,  0,-1);
+
+   if (!g->in_batched_update)
+      stbcc__build_connected_components_for_clumps(g);
+   #if 0
+   else
+      g->cluster_dirty[cy][cx] = 1;
+   #endif
+}
+
+void stbcc_update_batch_begin(stbcc_grid *g)
+{
+   assert(!g->in_batched_update);
+   g->in_batched_update = 1;
+}
+
+void stbcc_update_batch_end(stbcc_grid *g)
+{
+   assert(g->in_batched_update);
+   g->in_batched_update =  0;
+   stbcc__build_connected_components_for_clumps(g); // @OPTIMIZE: only do this if update was non-empty
+}
+
+size_t stbcc_grid_sizeof(void)
+{
+   return sizeof(stbcc_grid);
+}
+
+void stbcc_init_grid(stbcc_grid *g, unsigned char *map, int w, int h)
+{
+   int i,j,k;
+   assert(w % STBCC__CLUSTER_SIZE_X == 0);
+   assert(h % STBCC__CLUSTER_SIZE_Y == 0);
+   assert(w % 8 == 0);
+
+   g->w = w;
+   g->h = h;
+   g->cw = w >> STBCC_CLUSTER_SIZE_X_LOG2;
+   g->ch = h >> STBCC_CLUSTER_SIZE_Y_LOG2;
+   g->in_batched_update = 0;
+
+   #if 0
+   for (j=0; j < STBCC__CLUSTER_COUNT_Y; ++j)
+      for (i=0; i < STBCC__CLUSTER_COUNT_X; ++i)
+         g->cluster_dirty[j][i] = 0;
+   #endif
+
+   for (j=0; j < h; ++j) {
+      for (i=0; i < w; i += 8) {
+         unsigned char c = 0;
+         for (k=0; k < 8; ++k)
+            if (map[j*w + (i+k)] == 0)
+               c |= (1 << k);
+         g->map[j][i>>3] = c;
+      }
+   }
+
+   for (j=0; j < g->ch; ++j)
+      for (i=0; i < g->cw; ++i)
+         stbcc__build_clumps_for_cluster(g, i, j);
+
+   for (j=0; j < g->ch; ++j)
+      for (i=0; i < g->cw; ++i)
+         stbcc__build_all_connections_for_cluster(g, i, j);
+
+   stbcc__build_connected_components_for_clumps(g);
+
+   for (j=0; j < g->h; ++j)
+      for (i=0; i < g->w; ++i)
+         assert(g->clump_for_node[j][i] <= STBCC__NULL_CLUMPID);
+}
+
+
+static void stbcc__add_clump_connection(stbcc_grid *g, int x1, int y1, int x2, int y2)
+{
+   stbcc__cluster *cluster;
+   stbcc__clump *clump;
+
+   int cx1 = STBCC__CLUSTER_X_FOR_COORD_X(x1);
+   int cy1 = STBCC__CLUSTER_Y_FOR_COORD_Y(y1);
+   int cx2 = STBCC__CLUSTER_X_FOR_COORD_X(x2);
+   int cy2 = STBCC__CLUSTER_Y_FOR_COORD_Y(y2);
+
+   stbcc__clumpid c1 = g->clump_for_node[y1][x1];
+   stbcc__clumpid c2 = g->clump_for_node[y2][x2];
+
+   stbcc__relative_clumpid rc;
+
+   assert(cx1 != cx2 || cy1 != cy2);
+   assert(abs(cx1-cx2) + abs(cy1-cy2) == 1);
+
+   // add connection to c2 in c1
+
+   rc.clump_index = c2;
+   rc.cluster_dx = x2-x1;
+   rc.cluster_dy = y2-y1;
+
+   cluster = &g->cluster[cy1][cx1];
+   clump = &cluster->clump[c1];
+   assert(clump->num_adjacent <= clump->max_adjacent);
+   if (clump->num_adjacent == clump->max_adjacent)
+      g->cluster[cy1][cx1].rebuild_adjacency = 1;
+   else {
+      stbcc__relative_clumpid *adj = &cluster->adjacency_storage[clump->adjacent_clump_list_index];
+      assert(clump->num_adjacent < STBCC__MAX_EXITS_PER_CLUMP);
+      assert(clump->adjacent_clump_list_index + clump->num_adjacent <= STBCC__CLUSTER_ADJACENCY_COUNT);
+      adj[clump->num_adjacent++] = rc;
+   }
+}
+
+static void stbcc__remove_clump_connection(stbcc_grid *g, int x1, int y1, int x2, int y2)
+{
+   stbcc__cluster *cluster;
+   stbcc__clump *clump;
+   stbcc__relative_clumpid *adj;
+   int i;
+
+   int cx1 = STBCC__CLUSTER_X_FOR_COORD_X(x1);
+   int cy1 = STBCC__CLUSTER_Y_FOR_COORD_Y(y1);
+   int cx2 = STBCC__CLUSTER_X_FOR_COORD_X(x2);
+   int cy2 = STBCC__CLUSTER_Y_FOR_COORD_Y(y2);
+
+   stbcc__clumpid c1 = g->clump_for_node[y1][x1];
+   stbcc__clumpid c2 = g->clump_for_node[y2][x2];
+
+   stbcc__relative_clumpid rc;
+
+   assert(cx1 != cx2 || cy1 != cy2);
+   assert(abs(cx1-cx2) + abs(cy1-cy2) == 1);
+
+   // add connection to c2 in c1
+
+   rc.clump_index = c2;
+   rc.cluster_dx = x2-x1;
+   rc.cluster_dy = y2-y1;
+
+   cluster = &g->cluster[cy1][cx1];
+   clump = &cluster->clump[c1];
+   adj = &cluster->adjacency_storage[clump->adjacent_clump_list_index];
+
+   for (i=0; i < clump->num_adjacent; ++i)
+      if (rc.clump_index == adj[i].clump_index &&
+          rc.cluster_dx  == adj[i].cluster_dx  &&
+          rc.cluster_dy  == adj[i].cluster_dy)
+         break;
+
+   if (i < clump->num_adjacent)
+      adj[i] = adj[--clump->num_adjacent];
+   else
+      assert(0);
+}
+
+static void stbcc__add_connections_to_adjacent_cluster(stbcc_grid *g, int cx, int cy, int dx, int dy)
+{
+   unsigned char connected[STBCC__MAX_EDGE_CLUMPS_PER_CLUSTER][STBCC__MAX_EDGE_CLUMPS_PER_CLUSTER/8] = { { 0 } };
+   int x = cx * STBCC__CLUSTER_SIZE_X;
+   int y = cy * STBCC__CLUSTER_SIZE_Y;
+   int step_x, step_y=0, i, j, k, n;
+
+   if (cx < 0 || cx >= g->cw || cy < 0 || cy >= g->ch)
+      return;
+
+   if (cx+dx < 0 || cx+dx >= g->cw || cy+dy < 0 || cy+dy >= g->ch)
+      return;
+
+   if (g->cluster[cy][cx].rebuild_adjacency)
+      return;
+
+   assert(abs(dx) + abs(dy) == 1);
+
+   if (dx == 1) {
+      i = STBCC__CLUSTER_SIZE_X-1;
+      j = 0;
+      step_x = 0;
+      step_y = 1;
+      n = STBCC__CLUSTER_SIZE_Y;
+   } else if (dx == -1) {
+      i = 0;
+      j = 0;
+      step_x = 0;
+      step_y = 1;
+      n = STBCC__CLUSTER_SIZE_Y;
+   } else if (dy == -1) {
+      i = 0;
+      j = 0;
+      step_x = 1;
+      step_y = 0;
+      n = STBCC__CLUSTER_SIZE_X;
+   } else if (dy == 1) {
+      i = 0;
+      j = STBCC__CLUSTER_SIZE_Y-1;
+      step_x = 1;
+      step_y = 0;
+      n = STBCC__CLUSTER_SIZE_X;
+   } else {
+      assert(0);
+      return;
+   }
+
+   for (k=0; k < n; ++k) {
+      if (STBCC__MAP_OPEN(g, x+i, y+j) && STBCC__MAP_OPEN(g, x+i+dx, y+j+dy)) {
+         stbcc__clumpid src = g->clump_for_node[y+j][x+i];
+         stbcc__clumpid dest = g->clump_for_node[y+j+dy][x+i+dx];
+         if (0 == (connected[src][dest>>3] & (1 << (dest & 7)))) {
+            assert((dest>>3) < sizeof(connected));
+            connected[src][dest>>3] |= 1 << (dest & 7);
+            stbcc__add_clump_connection(g, x+i, y+j, x+i+dx, y+j+dy);
+            if (g->cluster[cy][cx].rebuild_adjacency)
+               break;
+         }
+      }
+      i += step_x;
+      j += step_y;
+   }
+}
+
+static void stbcc__remove_connections_to_adjacent_cluster(stbcc_grid *g, int cx, int cy, int dx, int dy)
+{
+   unsigned char disconnected[STBCC__MAX_EDGE_CLUMPS_PER_CLUSTER][STBCC__MAX_EDGE_CLUMPS_PER_CLUSTER/8] = { { 0 } };
+   int x = cx * STBCC__CLUSTER_SIZE_X;
+   int y = cy * STBCC__CLUSTER_SIZE_Y;
+   int step_x, step_y=0, i, j, k, n;
+
+   if (cx < 0 || cx >= g->cw || cy < 0 || cy >= g->ch)
+      return;
+
+   if (cx+dx < 0 || cx+dx >= g->cw || cy+dy < 0 || cy+dy >= g->ch)
+      return;
+
+   assert(abs(dx) + abs(dy) == 1);
+
+   if (dx == 1) {
+      i = STBCC__CLUSTER_SIZE_X-1;
+      j = 0;
+      step_x = 0;
+      step_y = 1;
+      n = STBCC__CLUSTER_SIZE_Y;
+   } else if (dx == -1) {
+      i = 0;
+      j = 0;
+      step_x = 0;
+      step_y = 1;
+      n = STBCC__CLUSTER_SIZE_Y;
+   } else if (dy == -1) {
+      i = 0;
+      j = 0;
+      step_x = 1;
+      step_y = 0;
+      n = STBCC__CLUSTER_SIZE_X;
+   } else if (dy == 1) {
+      i = 0;
+      j = STBCC__CLUSTER_SIZE_Y-1;
+      step_x = 1;
+      step_y = 0;
+      n = STBCC__CLUSTER_SIZE_X;
+   } else {
+      assert(0);
+      return;
+   }
+
+   for (k=0; k < n; ++k) {
+      if (STBCC__MAP_OPEN(g, x+i, y+j) && STBCC__MAP_OPEN(g, x+i+dx, y+j+dy)) {
+         stbcc__clumpid src = g->clump_for_node[y+j][x+i];
+         stbcc__clumpid dest = g->clump_for_node[y+j+dy][x+i+dx];
+         if (0 == (disconnected[src][dest>>3] & (1 << (dest & 7)))) {
+            disconnected[src][dest>>3] |= 1 << (dest & 7);
+            stbcc__remove_clump_connection(g, x+i, y+j, x+i+dx, y+j+dy);
+         }
+      }
+      i += step_x;
+      j += step_y;
+   }
+}
+
+static stbcc__tinypoint stbcc__incluster_find(stbcc__cluster_build_info *cbi, int x, int y)
+{
+   stbcc__tinypoint p,q;
+   p = cbi->parent[y][x];
+   if (p.x == x && p.y == y)
+      return p;
+   q = stbcc__incluster_find(cbi, p.x, p.y);
+   cbi->parent[y][x] = q;
+   return q;
+}
+
+static void stbcc__incluster_union(stbcc__cluster_build_info *cbi, int x1, int y1, int x2, int y2)
+{
+   stbcc__tinypoint p = stbcc__incluster_find(cbi, x1,y1);
+   stbcc__tinypoint q = stbcc__incluster_find(cbi, x2,y2);
+
+   if (p.x == q.x && p.y == q.y)
+      return;
+
+   cbi->parent[p.y][p.x] = q;
+}
+
+static void stbcc__switch_root(stbcc__cluster_build_info *cbi, int x, int y, stbcc__tinypoint p)
+{
+   cbi->parent[p.y][p.x].x = x;
+   cbi->parent[p.y][p.x].y = y;
+   cbi->parent[y][x].x = x;
+   cbi->parent[y][x].y = y;
+}
+
+static void stbcc__build_clumps_for_cluster(stbcc_grid *g, int cx, int cy)
+{
+   stbcc__cluster *c;
+   stbcc__cluster_build_info cbi;
+   int label=0;
+   int i,j;
+   int x = cx * STBCC__CLUSTER_SIZE_X;
+   int y = cy * STBCC__CLUSTER_SIZE_Y;
+
+   // set initial disjoint set forest state
+   for (j=0; j < STBCC__CLUSTER_SIZE_Y; ++j) {
+      for (i=0; i < STBCC__CLUSTER_SIZE_X; ++i) {
+         cbi.parent[j][i].x = i;
+         cbi.parent[j][i].y = j;
+      }
+   }
+
+   // join all sets that are connected
+   for (j=0; j < STBCC__CLUSTER_SIZE_Y; ++j) {
+      // check down only if not on bottom row
+      if (j < STBCC__CLUSTER_SIZE_Y-1)
+         for (i=0; i < STBCC__CLUSTER_SIZE_X; ++i)
+            if (STBCC__MAP_OPEN(g,x+i,y+j) && STBCC__MAP_OPEN(g,x+i  ,y+j+1))
+               stbcc__incluster_union(&cbi, i,j, i,j+1);
+      // check right for everything but rightmost column
+      for (i=0; i < STBCC__CLUSTER_SIZE_X-1; ++i)
+         if (STBCC__MAP_OPEN(g,x+i,y+j) && STBCC__MAP_OPEN(g,x+i+1,y+j  ))
+            stbcc__incluster_union(&cbi, i,j, i+1,j);
+   }
+
+   // label all non-empty clumps along edges so that all edge clumps are first
+   // in list; this means in degenerate case we can skip traversing non-edge clumps.
+   // because in the first pass we only label leaders, we swap the leader to the
+   // edge first
+
+   // first put solid labels on all the edges; these will get overwritten if they're open
+   for (j=0; j < STBCC__CLUSTER_SIZE_Y; ++j)
+      cbi.label[j][0] = cbi.label[j][STBCC__CLUSTER_SIZE_X-1] = STBCC__NULL_CLUMPID;
+   for (i=0; i < STBCC__CLUSTER_SIZE_X; ++i)
+      cbi.label[0][i] = cbi.label[STBCC__CLUSTER_SIZE_Y-1][i] = STBCC__NULL_CLUMPID;
+
+   for (j=0; j < STBCC__CLUSTER_SIZE_Y; ++j) {
+      i = 0;
+      if (STBCC__MAP_OPEN(g, x+i, y+j)) {
+         stbcc__tinypoint p = stbcc__incluster_find(&cbi, i,j);
+         if (p.x == i && p.y == j)
+            // if this is the leader, give it a label
+            cbi.label[j][i] = label++;
+         else if (!(p.x == 0 || p.x == STBCC__CLUSTER_SIZE_X-1 || p.y == 0 || p.y == STBCC__CLUSTER_SIZE_Y-1)) {
+            // if leader is in interior, promote this edge node to leader and label
+            stbcc__switch_root(&cbi, i, j, p);
+            cbi.label[j][i] = label++;
+         }
+         // else if leader is on edge, do nothing (it'll get labelled when we reach it)
+      }
+      i = STBCC__CLUSTER_SIZE_X-1;
+      if (STBCC__MAP_OPEN(g, x+i, y+j)) {
+         stbcc__tinypoint p = stbcc__incluster_find(&cbi, i,j);
+         if (p.x == i && p.y == j)
+            cbi.label[j][i] = label++;
+         else if (!(p.x == 0 || p.x == STBCC__CLUSTER_SIZE_X-1 || p.y == 0 || p.y == STBCC__CLUSTER_SIZE_Y-1)) {
+            stbcc__switch_root(&cbi, i, j, p);
+            cbi.label[j][i] = label++;
+         }
+      }
+   }
+
+   for (i=1; i < STBCC__CLUSTER_SIZE_Y-1; ++i) {
+      j = 0;
+      if (STBCC__MAP_OPEN(g, x+i, y+j)) {
+         stbcc__tinypoint p = stbcc__incluster_find(&cbi, i,j);
+         if (p.x == i && p.y == j)
+            cbi.label[j][i] = label++;
+         else if (!(p.x == 0 || p.x == STBCC__CLUSTER_SIZE_X-1 || p.y == 0 || p.y == STBCC__CLUSTER_SIZE_Y-1)) {
+            stbcc__switch_root(&cbi, i, j, p);
+            cbi.label[j][i] = label++;
+         }
+      }
+      j = STBCC__CLUSTER_SIZE_Y-1;
+      if (STBCC__MAP_OPEN(g, x+i, y+j)) {
+         stbcc__tinypoint p = stbcc__incluster_find(&cbi, i,j);
+         if (p.x == i && p.y == j)
+            cbi.label[j][i] = label++;
+         else if (!(p.x == 0 || p.x == STBCC__CLUSTER_SIZE_X-1 || p.y == 0 || p.y == STBCC__CLUSTER_SIZE_Y-1)) {
+            stbcc__switch_root(&cbi, i, j, p);
+            cbi.label[j][i] = label++;
+         }
+      }
+   }
+
+   c = &g->cluster[cy][cx];
+   c->num_edge_clumps = label;
+
+   // label any internal clusters
+   for (j=1; j < STBCC__CLUSTER_SIZE_Y-1; ++j) {
+      for (i=1; i < STBCC__CLUSTER_SIZE_X-1; ++i) {
+         stbcc__tinypoint p = cbi.parent[j][i];
+         if (p.x == i && p.y == j) {
+            if (STBCC__MAP_OPEN(g,x+i,y+j))
+               cbi.label[j][i] = label++;
+            else
+               cbi.label[j][i] = STBCC__NULL_CLUMPID;
+         }
+      }
+   }
+
+   // label all other nodes
+   for (j=0; j < STBCC__CLUSTER_SIZE_Y; ++j) {
+      for (i=0; i < STBCC__CLUSTER_SIZE_X; ++i) {
+         stbcc__tinypoint p = stbcc__incluster_find(&cbi, i,j);
+         if (p.x != i || p.y != j) {
+            if (STBCC__MAP_OPEN(g,x+i,y+j))
+               cbi.label[j][i] = cbi.label[p.y][p.x];
+         }
+         if (STBCC__MAP_OPEN(g,x+i,y+j))
+            assert(cbi.label[j][i] != STBCC__NULL_CLUMPID);
+      }
+   }
+
+   c->num_clumps = label;
+
+   for (i=0; i < label; ++i) {
+      c->clump[i].num_adjacent = 0;
+      c->clump[i].max_adjacent = 0;
+   }
+
+   for (j=0; j < STBCC__CLUSTER_SIZE_Y; ++j)
+      for (i=0; i < STBCC__CLUSTER_SIZE_X; ++i) {
+         g->clump_for_node[y+j][x+i] = cbi.label[j][i]; // @OPTIMIZE: remove cbi.label entirely
+         assert(g->clump_for_node[y+j][x+i] <= STBCC__NULL_CLUMPID);
+      }
+
+   // set the global label for all interior clumps since they can't have connections,
+   // so we don't have to do this on the global pass (brings from O(N) to O(N^0.75))
+   for (i=(int) c->num_edge_clumps; i < (int) c->num_clumps; ++i) {
+      stbcc__global_clumpid gc;
+      gc.f.cluster_x = cx;
+      gc.f.cluster_y = cy;
+      gc.f.clump_index = i;
+      c->clump[i].global_label = gc;
+   }
+
+   c->rebuild_adjacency = 1; // flag that it has no valid adjacency data
+}
+
+#endif // STB_CONNECTED_COMPONENTS_IMPLEMENTATION
+/*
+------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+This software is available under 2 licenses -- choose whichever you prefer.
+------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ALTERNATIVE A - MIT License
+Copyright (c) 2017 Sean Barrett
+Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of
+this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal in
+the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights to
+use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies
+of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do
+so, subject to the following conditions:
+The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
+copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
+SOFTWARE.
+------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ALTERNATIVE B - Public Domain (www.unlicense.org)
+This is free and unencumbered software released into the public domain.
+Anyone is free to copy, modify, publish, use, compile, sell, or distribute this
+software, either in source code form or as a compiled binary, for any purpose,
+commercial or non-commercial, and by any means.
+In jurisdictions that recognize copyright laws, the author or authors of this
+software dedicate any and all copyright interest in the software to the public
+domain. We make this dedication for the benefit of the public at large and to
+the detriment of our heirs and successors. We intend this dedication to be an
+overt act of relinquishment in perpetuity of all present and future rights to
+this software under copyright law.
+THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+AUTHORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN
+ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION
+WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
+------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+*/
diff --git a/fggl/stb/stb_divide.h b/fggl/stb/stb_divide.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6a51e3f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/fggl/stb/stb_divide.h
@@ -0,0 +1,433 @@
+// stb_divide.h - v0.94 - public domain - Sean Barrett, Feb 2010
+// Three kinds of divide/modulus of signed integers.
+//
+// HISTORY
+//
+//   v0.94              Fix integer overflow issues
+//   v0.93  2020-02-02  Write useful exit() value from main()
+//   v0.92  2019-02-25  Fix warning
+//   v0.91  2010-02-27  Fix euclidean division by INT_MIN for non-truncating C
+//                      Check result with 64-bit math to catch such cases
+//   v0.90  2010-02-24  First public release
+//
+// USAGE
+//
+// In *ONE* source file, put:
+//
+//    #define STB_DIVIDE_IMPLEMENTATION
+//    // #define C_INTEGER_DIVISION_TRUNCATES  // see Note 1
+//    // #define C_INTEGER_DIVISION_FLOORS     // see Note 2
+//    #include "stb_divide.h"
+//
+// Other source files should just include stb_divide.h
+//
+// Note 1: On platforms/compilers that you know signed C division
+// truncates, you can #define C_INTEGER_DIVISION_TRUNCATES.
+//
+// Note 2: On platforms/compilers that you know signed C division
+// floors (rounds to negative infinity), you can #define
+// C_INTEGER_DIVISION_FLOORS.
+//
+// You can #define STB_DIVIDE_TEST in which case the implementation
+// will generate a main() and compiling the result will create a
+// program that tests the implementation. Run it with no arguments
+// and any output indicates an error; run it with any argument and
+// it will also print the test results. Define STB_DIVIDE_TEST_64
+// to a 64-bit integer type to avoid overflows in the result-checking
+// which give false negatives.
+//
+// ABOUT
+//
+// This file provides three different consistent divide/mod pairs
+// implemented on top of arbitrary C/C++ division, including correct
+// handling of overflow of intermediate calculations:
+//
+//     trunc:   a/b truncates to 0,           a%b has same sign as a
+//     floor:   a/b truncates to -inf,        a%b has same sign as b
+//     eucl:    a/b truncates to sign(b)*inf, a%b is non-negative
+//
+// Not necessarily optimal; I tried to keep it generally efficient,
+// but there may be better ways.
+//
+// Briefly, for those who are not familiar with the problem, we note
+// the reason these divides exist and are interesting:
+//
+//     'trunc' is easy to implement in hardware (strip the signs,
+//          compute, reapply the signs), thus is commonly defined
+//          by many languages (including C99)
+//
+//     'floor' is simple to define and better behaved than trunc;
+//          for example it divides integers into fixed-size buckets
+//          without an extra-wide bucket at 0, and for a fixed
+//          divisor N there are only |N| possible moduli.
+//
+//     'eucl' guarantees fixed-sized buckets *and* a non-negative
+//          modulus and defines division to be whatever is needed
+//          to achieve that result.
+//
+// See "The Euclidean definition of the functions div and mod"
+// by Raymond Boute (1992), or "Division and Modulus for Computer
+// Scientists" by Daan Leijen (2001)
+//
+// We assume of the built-in C division:
+//     (a) modulus is the remainder for the corresponding division
+//     (b) a/b truncates if a and b are the same sign
+//
+// Property (a) requires (a/b)*b + (a%b)==a, and is required by C.
+// Property (b) seems to be true of all hardware but is *not* satisfied
+// by the euclidean division operator we define, so it's possibly not
+// always true. If any such platform turns up, we can add more cases.
+// (Possibly only stb_div_trunc currently relies on property (b).)
+//
+// LICENSE
+//
+//   See end of file for license information.
+
+
+#ifndef INCLUDE_STB_DIVIDE_H
+#define INCLUDE_STB_DIVIDE_H
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+extern "C" {
+#endif
+
+extern int stb_div_trunc(int value_to_be_divided, int value_to_divide_by);
+extern int stb_div_floor(int value_to_be_divided, int value_to_divide_by);
+extern int stb_div_eucl (int value_to_be_divided, int value_to_divide_by);
+extern int stb_mod_trunc(int value_to_be_divided, int value_to_divide_by);
+extern int stb_mod_floor(int value_to_be_divided, int value_to_divide_by);
+extern int stb_mod_eucl (int value_to_be_divided, int value_to_divide_by);
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+}
+#endif
+
+#ifdef STB_DIVIDE_IMPLEMENTATION
+
+#if defined(__STDC_VERSION) && __STDC_VERSION__ >= 19901
+   #ifndef C_INTEGER_DIVISION_TRUNCATES
+      #define C_INTEGER_DIVISION_TRUNCATES
+   #endif
+#endif
+
+#ifndef INT_MIN
+#include <limits.h> // if you have no limits.h, #define INT_MIN yourself
+#endif
+
+// the following macros are designed to allow testing
+// other platforms by simulating them
+#ifndef STB_DIVIDE_TEST_FLOOR
+   #define stb__div(a,b)  ((a)/(b))
+   #define stb__mod(a,b)  ((a)%(b))
+#else
+   // implement floor-style divide on trunc platform
+   #ifndef C_INTEGER_DIVISION_TRUNCATES
+   #error "floor test requires truncating division"
+   #endif
+   #undef C_INTEGER_DIVISION_TRUNCATES
+   int stb__div(int v1, int v2)
+   {
+      int q = v1/v2, r = v1%v2;
+      if ((r > 0 && v2 < 0) || (r < 0 && v2 > 0))
+         return q-1;
+      else
+         return q;
+   }
+
+   int stb__mod(int v1, int v2)
+   {
+      int r = v1%v2;
+      if ((r > 0 && v2 < 0) || (r < 0 && v2 > 0))
+         return r+v2;
+      else
+         return r;
+   }
+#endif
+
+int stb_div_trunc(int v1, int v2)
+{
+   #ifdef C_INTEGER_DIVISION_TRUNCATES
+   return v1/v2;
+   #else
+   if (v1 >= 0 && v2 <= 0)
+      return -stb__div(-v1,v2);  // both negative to avoid overflow
+   if (v1 <= 0 && v2 >= 0)
+      if (v1 != INT_MIN)
+         return -stb__div(v1,-v2);    // both negative to avoid overflow
+      else
+         return -stb__div(v1+v2,-v2)-1; // push v1 away from wrap point
+   else
+      return v1/v2;            // same sign, so expect truncation
+   #endif
+}
+
+int stb_div_floor(int v1, int v2)
+{
+   #ifdef C_INTEGER_DIVISION_FLOORS
+   return v1/v2;
+   #else
+   if (v1 >= 0 && v2 < 0) {
+      if (v2 + 1 >= INT_MIN + v1) // check if increasing v1's magnitude overflows
+         return -stb__div((v2+1)-v1,v2); // nope, so just compute it
+      else
+         return -stb__div(-v1,v2) + ((-v1)%v2 ? -1 : 0);
+   }
+   if (v1 < 0 && v2 >= 0) {
+      if (v1 != INT_MIN) {
+         if (v1 + 1 >= INT_MIN + v2) // check if increasing v1's magnitude overflows
+            return -stb__div((v1+1)-v2,-v2); // nope, so just compute it
+         else
+            return -stb__div(-v1,v2) + (stb__mod(v1,-v2) ? -1 : 0);
+      } else // it must be possible to compute -(v1+v2) without overflowing
+         return -stb__div(-(v1+v2),v2) + (stb__mod(-(v1+v2),v2) ? -2 : -1);
+   } else
+      return v1/v2;           // same sign, so expect truncation
+   #endif
+}
+
+int stb_div_eucl(int v1, int v2)
+{
+   int q,r;
+   #ifdef C_INTEGER_DIVISION_TRUNCATES
+   q = v1/v2;
+   r = v1%v2;
+   #else
+   // handle every quadrant separately, since we can't rely on q and r flor
+   if (v1 >= 0)
+      if (v2 >= 0)
+         return stb__div(v1,v2);
+      else if (v2 != INT_MIN)
+         q = -stb__div(v1,-v2), r = stb__mod(v1,-v2);
+      else
+         q = 0, r = v1;
+   else if (v1 != INT_MIN)
+      if (v2 >= 0)
+         q = -stb__div(-v1,v2), r = -stb__mod(-v1,v2);
+      else if (v2 != INT_MIN)
+         q = stb__div(-v1,-v2), r = -stb__mod(-v1,-v2);
+      else // if v2 is INT_MIN, then we can't use -v2, but we can't divide by v2
+         q = 1, r = v1-q*v2;
+   else // if v1 is INT_MIN, we have to move away from overflow place
+      if (v2 >= 0)
+         q = -stb__div(-(v1+v2),v2)-1, r = -stb__mod(-(v1+v2),v2);
+      else if (v2 != INT_MIN)
+         q = stb__div(-(v1-v2),-v2)+1, r = -stb__mod(-(v1-v2),-v2);
+      else // for INT_MIN / INT_MIN, we need to be extra-careful to avoid overflow
+         q = 1, r = 0;
+   #endif
+   if (r >= 0)
+      return q;
+   else
+      return q + (v2 > 0 ? -1 : 1);
+}
+
+int stb_mod_trunc(int v1, int v2)
+{
+   #ifdef C_INTEGER_DIVISION_TRUNCATES
+   return v1%v2;
+   #else
+   if (v1 >= 0) { // modulus result should always be positive
+      int r = stb__mod(v1,v2);
+      if (r >= 0)
+         return r;
+      else
+         return r - (v2 < 0 ? v2 : -v2);
+   } else {    // modulus result should always be negative
+      int r = stb__mod(v1,v2);
+      if (r <= 0)
+         return r;
+      else
+         return r + (v2 < 0 ? v2 : -v2);
+   }
+   #endif
+}
+
+int stb_mod_floor(int v1, int v2)
+{
+   #ifdef C_INTEGER_DIVISION_FLOORS
+   return v1%v2;
+   #else
+   if (v2 >= 0) { // result should always be positive
+      int r = stb__mod(v1,v2);
+      if (r >= 0)
+         return r;
+      else
+         return r + v2;
+   } else { // result should always be negative
+      int r = stb__mod(v1,v2);
+      if (r <= 0)
+         return r;
+      else
+         return r + v2;
+   }
+   #endif
+}
+
+int stb_mod_eucl(int v1, int v2)
+{
+   int r = stb__mod(v1,v2);
+
+   if (r >= 0)
+      return r;
+   else
+      return r - (v2 < 0 ? v2 : -v2); // negative abs() [to avoid overflow]
+}
+
+#ifdef STB_DIVIDE_TEST
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <math.h>
+#include <limits.h>
+
+int show=0;
+int err=0;
+
+void stbdiv_check(int q, int r, int a, int b, char *type, int dir)
+{
+   if ((dir > 0 && r < 0) || (dir < 0 && r > 0)) {
+      fprintf(stderr, "FAILED: %s(%d,%d) remainder %d in wrong direction\n", type,a,b,r);
+      err++;
+   } else
+      if (b != INT_MIN) // can't compute abs(), but if b==INT_MIN all remainders are valid
+         if (r <= -abs(b) || r >= abs(b)) {
+            fprintf(stderr, "FAILED: %s(%d,%d) remainder %d out of range\n", type,a,b,r);
+            err++;
+         }
+   #ifdef STB_DIVIDE_TEST_64
+   {
+      STB_DIVIDE_TEST_64 q64 = q, r64=r, a64=a, b64=b;
+      if (q64*b64+r64 != a64) {
+         fprintf(stderr, "FAILED: %s(%d,%d) remainder %d doesn't match quotient %d\n", type,a,b,r,q);
+         err++;
+      }
+   }
+   #else
+   if (q*b+r != a) {
+      fprintf(stderr, "FAILED: %s(%d,%d) remainder %d doesn't match quotient %d\n", type,a,b,r,q);
+      err++;
+   }
+   #endif
+}
+
+void test(int a, int b)
+{
+   int q,r;
+   if (show) printf("(%+11d,%+d) |  ", a,b);
+   q = stb_div_trunc(a,b), r = stb_mod_trunc(a,b);
+   if (show) printf("(%+11d,%+2d)  ", q,r); stbdiv_check(q,r,a,b, "trunc",a);
+   q = stb_div_floor(a,b), r = stb_mod_floor(a,b);
+   if (show) printf("(%+11d,%+2d)  ", q,r); stbdiv_check(q,r,a,b, "floor",b);
+   q = stb_div_eucl (a,b), r = stb_mod_eucl (a,b);
+   if (show) printf("(%+11d,%+2d)\n", q,r); stbdiv_check(q,r,a,b, "euclidean",1);
+}
+
+void testh(int a, int b)
+{
+   int q,r;
+   if (show) printf("(%08x,%08x) |\n", a,b);
+   q = stb_div_trunc(a,b), r = stb_mod_trunc(a,b); stbdiv_check(q,r,a,b, "trunc",a);
+   if (show) printf("             (%08x,%08x)", q,r);
+   q = stb_div_floor(a,b), r = stb_mod_floor(a,b); stbdiv_check(q,r,a,b, "floor",b);
+   if (show) printf("   (%08x,%08x)", q,r);
+   q = stb_div_eucl (a,b), r = stb_mod_eucl (a,b); stbdiv_check(q,r,a,b, "euclidean",1);
+   if (show) printf("   (%08x,%08x)\n ", q,r);
+}
+
+int main(int argc, char **argv)
+{
+   if (argc > 1) show=1;
+
+   test(8,3);
+   test(8,-3);
+   test(-8,3);
+   test(-8,-3);
+   test(1,2);
+   test(1,-2);
+   test(-1,2);
+   test(-1,-2);
+   test(8,4);
+   test(8,-4);
+   test(-8,4);
+   test(-8,-4);
+
+   test(INT_MAX,1);
+   test(INT_MIN,1);
+   test(INT_MIN+1,1);
+   test(INT_MAX,-1);
+   //test(INT_MIN,-1); // this traps in MSVC, so we leave it untested
+   test(INT_MIN+1,-1);
+   test(INT_MIN,-2);
+   test(INT_MIN+1,2);
+   test(INT_MIN+1,-2);
+   test(INT_MAX,2);
+   test(INT_MAX,-2);
+   test(INT_MIN+1,2);
+   test(INT_MIN+1,-2);
+   test(INT_MIN,2);
+   test(INT_MIN,-2);
+   test(INT_MIN,7);
+   test(INT_MIN,-7);
+   test(INT_MIN+1,4);
+   test(INT_MIN+1,-4);
+
+   testh(-7, INT_MIN);
+   testh(-1, INT_MIN);
+   testh(1, INT_MIN);
+   testh(7, INT_MIN);
+
+   testh(INT_MAX-1, INT_MIN);
+   testh(INT_MAX,   INT_MIN);
+   testh(INT_MIN,   INT_MIN);
+   testh(INT_MIN+1, INT_MIN);
+
+   testh(INT_MAX-1, INT_MAX);
+   testh(INT_MAX  , INT_MAX);
+   testh(INT_MIN  , INT_MAX);
+   testh(INT_MIN+1, INT_MAX);
+
+   return err > 0 ? 1 : 0;
+}
+#endif // STB_DIVIDE_TEST
+#endif // STB_DIVIDE_IMPLEMENTATION
+#endif // INCLUDE_STB_DIVIDE_H
+
+/*
+------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+This software is available under 2 licenses -- choose whichever you prefer.
+------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ALTERNATIVE A - MIT License
+Copyright (c) 2017 Sean Barrett
+Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of
+this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal in
+the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights to
+use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies
+of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do
+so, subject to the following conditions:
+The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
+copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
+SOFTWARE.
+------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ALTERNATIVE B - Public Domain (www.unlicense.org)
+This is free and unencumbered software released into the public domain.
+Anyone is free to copy, modify, publish, use, compile, sell, or distribute this
+software, either in source code form or as a compiled binary, for any purpose,
+commercial or non-commercial, and by any means.
+In jurisdictions that recognize copyright laws, the author or authors of this
+software dedicate any and all copyright interest in the software to the public
+domain. We make this dedication for the benefit of the public at large and to
+the detriment of our heirs and successors. We intend this dedication to be an
+overt act of relinquishment in perpetuity of all present and future rights to
+this software under copyright law.
+THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+AUTHORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN
+ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION
+WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
+------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+*/
diff --git a/fggl/stb/stb_hexwave.h b/fggl/stb/stb_hexwave.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..480ab1b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/fggl/stb/stb_hexwave.h
@@ -0,0 +1,680 @@
+// stb_hexwave - v0.5 - public domain, initial release 2021-04-01
+//
+// A flexible anti-aliased (bandlimited) digital audio oscillator.
+//
+// This library generates waveforms of a variety of shapes made of
+// line segments. It does not do envelopes, LFO effects, etc.; it
+// merely tries to solve the problem of generating an artifact-free
+// morphable digital waveform with a variety of spectra, and leaves
+// it to the user to rescale the waveform and mix multiple voices, etc.
+//
+// Compiling:
+//
+//   In one C/C++ file that #includes this file, do
+//
+//      #define STB_HEXWAVE_IMPLEMENTATION
+//      #include "stb_hexwave.h"
+//
+//   Optionally, #define STB_HEXWAVE_STATIC before including
+//   the header to cause the definitions to be private to the
+//   implementation file (i.e. to be "static" instead of "extern").
+//
+// Notes:
+//
+//   Optionally performs memory allocation during initialization,
+//   never allocates otherwise.
+//
+// License:
+//
+//   See end of file for license information.
+//
+// Usage:
+//
+//   Initialization:
+//
+//     hexwave_init(32,16,NULL); // read "header section" for alternatives
+//
+//   Create oscillator:
+//
+//     HexWave *osc = malloc(sizeof(*osc)); // or "new HexWave", or declare globally or on stack
+//     hexwave_create(osc, reflect_flag, peak_time, half_height, zero_wait);
+//       see "Waveform shapes" below for the meaning of these parameters
+//
+//   Generate audio:
+//
+//     hexwave_generate_samples(output, number_of_samples, osc, oscillator_freq)
+//       where:
+//         output is a buffer where the library will store floating point audio samples
+//         number_of_samples is the number of audio samples to generate
+//         osc is a pointer to a Hexwave
+//         oscillator_freq is the frequency of the oscillator divided by the sample rate
+//
+//       The output samples will continue from where the samples generated by the
+//       previous hexwave_generate_samples() on this oscillator ended.
+//
+//   Change oscillator waveform:
+//
+//     hexwave_change(osc, reflect_flag, peak_time, half_height, zero_wait);
+//       can call in between calls to hexwave_generate_samples
+//
+// Waveform shapes:
+//
+//   All waveforms generated by hexwave are constructed from six line segments
+//   characterized by 3 parameters.
+//
+//   See demonstration: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hsUCrAsDN-M
+//
+//                 reflect=0                          reflect=1
+//
+//           0-----P---1                        0-----P---1    peak_time = P
+//                 .     1                            .     1
+//                /\_    :                           /\_    :
+//               /   \_  :                          /   \_  :
+//              /      \.H                         /      \.H  half_height = H
+//             /       | :                        /       | :
+//       _____/        |_:___               _____/        | :       _____
+//           .           :   \        |         .         | :      /
+//           .           :    \       |         .         | :     /
+//           .           :     \     _/         .         \_:    /
+//           .           :      \  _/           .           :_  /
+//           .          -1       \/             .          -1 \/
+//       0 - Z - - - - 1                    0 - Z - - - - 1   zero_wait = Z
+//
+//    Classic waveforms:
+//                               peak    half    zero
+//                     reflect   time   height   wait
+//      Sawtooth          1       0       0       0
+//      Square            1       0       1       0
+//      Triangle          1       0.5     0       0
+//
+//    Some waveforms can be produced in multiple ways, which is useful when morphing
+//    into other waveforms, and there are a few more notable shapes:
+//
+//                               peak    half    zero
+//                     reflect   time   height   wait
+//      Sawtooth          1       1      any      0
+//      Sawtooth (8va)    1       0      -1       0
+//      Triangle          1       0.5     0       0
+//      Square            1       0       1       0
+//      Square            0       0       1       0
+//      Triangle          0       0.5     0       0
+//      Triangle          0       0      -1       0
+//      AlternatingSaw    0       0       0       0
+//      AlternatingSaw    0       1      any      0
+//      Stairs            0       0       1       0.5
+//
+//    The "Sawtooth (8va)" waveform is identical to a sawtooth wave with 2x the
+//    frequency, but when morphed with other values, it becomes an overtone of
+//    the base frequency.
+//
+//  Morphing waveforms:
+//
+//    Sweeping peak_time morphs the waveform while producing various spectra.
+//    Sweeping half_height effectively crossfades between two waveforms; useful, but less exciting.
+//    Sweeping zero_wait produces a similar effect no matter the reset of the waveform,
+//        a sort of high-pass/PWM effect where the wave becomes silent at zero_wait=1.
+//
+//    You can trivially morph between any two waveforms from the above table
+//    which only differ in one column.
+//
+//    Crossfade between classic waveforms:
+//                                            peak     half    zero
+//        Start         End         reflect   time    height   wait
+//        -----         ---         -------   ----    ------   ----
+//        Triangle      Square         0       0      -1..1    0
+//        Saw           Square         1       0       0..1    0
+//        Triangle      Saw            1       0.5     0..2    0
+//
+//    The last morph uses uses half-height values larger than 1, which means it will
+//    be louder and the output should be scaled down by half to compensate, or better
+//    by dynamically tracking the morph: volume_scale = 1 - half_height/4
+//
+//    Non-crossfade morph between classic waveforms, most require changing
+//    two parameters at the same time:
+//                                           peak     half    zero
+//      Start         End         reflect    time    height   wait
+//      -----         ---         -------    ----    ------   ----
+//      Square        Triangle      any      0..0.5   1..0     0
+//      Square        Saw            1       0..1     1..any   0
+//      Triangle      Saw            1     0.5..1     0..-1    0
+//
+//    Other noteworthy morphs between simple shapes:
+//                                                            peak     half    zero
+//      Start           Halfway       End          reflect    time    height   wait
+//      -----           ---------     ---          -------    ----    ------   ----
+//      Saw (8va,neg)                Saw (pos)        1       0..1      -1      0
+//      Saw (neg)                    Saw (pos)        1       0..1       0      0
+//      Triangle                     AlternatingSaw   0       0..1      -1      0
+//      AlternatingSaw  Triangle     AlternatingSaw   0       0..1       0      0
+//      Square                       AlternatingSaw   0       0..1       1      0
+//      Triangle        Triangle     AlternatingSaw   0       0..1    -1..1     0
+//      Square                       AlternatingSaw   0       0..1     1..0     0
+//      Saw (8va)       Triangle     Saw              1       0..1    -1..1     0
+//      Saw (neg)                    Saw (pos)        1       0..1     0..1     0
+//      AlternatingSaw               AlternatingSaw   0       0..1     0..any   0
+//
+//   The last entry is noteworthy because the morph from the halfway point to either
+//   endpoint sounds very different. For example, an LFO sweeping back and forth over
+//   the whole range will morph between the middle timbre and the AlternatingSaw
+//   timbre in two different ways, alternating.
+//
+//   Entries with "any" for half_height are whole families of morphs, as you can pick
+//   any value you want as the endpoint for half_height.
+//
+//   You can always morph between any two waveforms with the same value of 'reflect'
+//   by just sweeping the parameters simultaneously. There will never be artifacts
+//   and the result will always be useful, if not necessarily what you want.
+//
+//   You can vary the sound of two-parameter morphs by ramping them differently,
+//   e.g. if the morph goes from t=0..1, then square-to-triangle looks like:
+//        peak_time   = lerp(t, 0, 0.5)
+//        half_height = lerp(t, 1, 0  )
+//   but you can also do things like:
+//        peak_time   = lerp(smoothstep(t), 0, 0.5)
+//        half_height = cos(PI/2 * t)
+//
+// How it works:
+//
+//   hexwave use BLEP to bandlimit discontinuities and BLAMP
+//   to bandlimit C1 discontinuities. This is not polyBLEP
+//   (polynomial BLEP), it is table-driven BLEP. It is
+//   also not minBLEP (minimum-phase BLEP), as that complicates
+//   things for little benefit once BLAMP is involved.
+//
+//   The previous oscillator frequency is remembered, and when
+//   the frequency changes, a BLAMP is generated to remove the
+//   C1 discontinuity, which reduces artifacts for sweeps/LFO.
+//
+//   Changes to an oscillator timbre using hexwave_change() actually
+//   wait until the oscillator finishes its current cycle. All
+//   waveforms with non-zero "zero_wait" settings pass through 0
+//   and have 0-slope at the start of a cycle, which means changing
+//   the settings is artifact free at that time. (If zero_wait is 0,
+//   the code still treats it as passing through 0 with 0-slope; it'll
+//   apply the necessary fixups to make it artifact free as if it does
+//   transition to 0 with 0-slope vs. the waveform at the end of
+//   the cycle, then adds the fixups for a non-0 and non-0 slope
+//   at the start of the cycle, which cancels out if zero_wait is 0,
+//   and still does the right thing if zero_wait is 0 when the
+//   settings are updated.)
+//
+//   BLEP/BLAMP normally requires overlapping buffers, but this
+//   is hidden from the user by generating the waveform to a
+//   temporary buffer and saving the overlap regions internally
+//   between calls. (It is slightly more complicated; see code.)
+//
+//   By design all shapes have 0 DC offset; this is one reason
+//   hexwave uses zero_wait instead of standard PWM.
+//
+//   The internals of hexwave could support any arbitrary shape
+//   made of line segments, but I chose not to expose this
+//   generality in favor of a simple, easy-to-use API.
+
+#ifndef STB_INCLUDE_STB_HEXWAVE_H
+#define STB_INCLUDE_STB_HEXWAVE_H
+
+#ifndef STB_HEXWAVE_MAX_BLEP_LENGTH
+#define STB_HEXWAVE_MAX_BLEP_LENGTH   64 // good enough for anybody
+#endif
+
+#ifdef STB_HEXWAVE_STATIC
+#define STB_HEXWAVE_DEF static
+#else
+#define STB_HEXWAVE_DEF extern
+#endif
+
+typedef struct HexWave HexWave;
+
+STB_HEXWAVE_DEF void hexwave_init(int width, int oversample, float *user_buffer);
+//         width: size of BLEP, from 4..64, larger is slower & more memory but less aliasing
+//    oversample: 2+, number of subsample positions, larger uses more memory but less noise
+//   user_buffer: optional, if provided the library will perform no allocations.
+//                16*width*(oversample+1) bytes, must stay allocated as long as library is used
+//                technically it only needs:   8*( width * (oversample  + 1))
+//                                           + 8*((width *  oversample) + 1)  bytes
+//
+// width can be larger than 64 if you define STB_HEXWAVE_MAX_BLEP_LENGTH to a larger value
+
+STB_HEXWAVE_DEF void hexwave_shutdown(float *user_buffer);
+//       user_buffer: pass in same parameter as passed to hexwave_init
+
+STB_HEXWAVE_DEF void hexwave_create(HexWave *hex, int reflect, float peak_time, float half_height, float zero_wait);
+// see docs above for description
+//
+//   reflect is tested as 0 or non-zero
+//   peak_time is clamped to 0..1
+//   half_height is not clamped
+//   zero_wait is clamped to 0..1
+
+STB_HEXWAVE_DEF void hexwave_change(HexWave *hex, int reflect, float peak_time, float half_height, float zero_wait);
+// see docs
+
+STB_HEXWAVE_DEF void hexwave_generate_samples(float *output, int num_samples, HexWave *hex, float freq);
+//            output: buffer where the library will store generated floating point audio samples
+// number_of_samples: the number of audio samples to generate
+//               osc: pointer to a Hexwave initialized with 'hexwave_create'
+//   oscillator_freq: frequency of the oscillator divided by the sample rate
+
+// private:
+typedef struct
+{
+   int   reflect;
+   float peak_time;
+   float zero_wait;
+   float half_height;
+} HexWaveParameters;
+
+struct HexWave
+{
+   float t, prev_dt;
+   HexWaveParameters current, pending;
+   int have_pending;
+   float buffer[STB_HEXWAVE_MAX_BLEP_LENGTH];
+}; 
+#endif
+
+#ifdef STB_HEXWAVE_IMPLEMENTATION
+
+#ifndef STB_HEXWAVE_NO_ALLOCATION
+#include <stdlib.h> // malloc,free
+#endif
+
+#include <string.h> // memset,memcpy,memmove
+#include <math.h>   // sin,cos,fabs
+
+#define hexwave_clamp(v,a,b)   ((v) < (a) ? (a) : (v) > (b) ? (b) : (v))
+
+STB_HEXWAVE_DEF void hexwave_change(HexWave *hex, int reflect, float peak_time, float half_height, float zero_wait)
+{
+   hex->pending.reflect     = reflect;
+   hex->pending.peak_time   = hexwave_clamp(peak_time,0,1);
+   hex->pending.half_height = half_height;
+   hex->pending.zero_wait   = hexwave_clamp(zero_wait,0,1);
+   // put a barrier here to allow changing from a different thread than the generator
+   hex->have_pending        = 1;
+}
+
+STB_HEXWAVE_DEF void hexwave_create(HexWave *hex, int reflect, float peak_time, float half_height, float zero_wait)
+{
+   memset(hex, 0, sizeof(*hex));
+   hexwave_change(hex, reflect, peak_time, half_height, zero_wait);
+   hex->current = hex->pending;
+   hex->have_pending = 0;
+   hex->t = 0;
+   hex->prev_dt = 0;
+}
+
+static struct
+{
+   int width;       // width of fixup in samples
+   int oversample;  // number of oversampled versions (there's actually one more to allow lerpign)
+   float *blep;
+   float *blamp;
+} hexblep;
+
+static void hex_add_oversampled_bleplike(float *output, float time_since_transition, float scale, float *data)
+{
+   float *d1,*d2;
+   float lerpweight;
+   int i, bw = hexblep.width;
+
+   int slot = (int) (time_since_transition * hexblep.oversample);
+   if (slot >= hexblep.oversample)
+      slot = hexblep.oversample-1; // clamp in case the floats overshoot
+
+   d1 = &data[ slot   *bw];
+   d2 = &data[(slot+1)*bw];
+
+   lerpweight = time_since_transition * hexblep.oversample - slot;
+   for (i=0; i < bw; ++i)
+      output[i] += scale * (d1[i] + (d2[i]-d1[i])*lerpweight);
+}
+
+static void hex_blep (float *output, float time_since_transition, float scale)
+{
+   hex_add_oversampled_bleplike(output, time_since_transition, scale, hexblep.blep);
+}
+
+static void hex_blamp(float *output, float time_since_transition, float scale)
+{
+   hex_add_oversampled_bleplike(output, time_since_transition, scale, hexblep.blamp);
+}
+
+typedef struct
+{
+   float t,v,s; // time, value, slope
+} hexvert;
+
+// each half of the waveform needs 4 vertices to represent 3 line
+// segments, plus 1 more for wraparound
+static void hexwave_generate_linesegs(hexvert vert[9], HexWave *hex, float dt)
+{
+   int j;
+   float min_len = dt / 256.0f;
+
+   vert[0].t = 0;
+   vert[0].v = 0;
+   vert[1].t = hex->current.zero_wait*0.5f;
+   vert[1].v = 0;
+   vert[2].t = 0.5f*hex->current.peak_time + vert[1].t*(1-hex->current.peak_time);
+   vert[2].v = 1;
+   vert[3].t = 0.5f;
+   vert[3].v = hex->current.half_height;
+
+   if (hex->current.reflect) {
+      for (j=4; j <= 7; ++j) {
+         vert[j].t = 1 -  vert[7-j].t;
+         vert[j].v =    - vert[7-j].v;
+      }
+   } else {
+      for (j=4; j <= 7; ++j) {
+         vert[j].t =  0.5f +  vert[j-4].t;
+         vert[j].v =        - vert[j-4].v;
+      }
+   }
+   vert[8].t = 1;
+   vert[8].v = 0;
+
+   for (j=0; j < 8; ++j) {
+      if (vert[j+1].t <= vert[j].t + min_len) {
+          // if change takes place over less than a fraction of a sample treat as discontinuity
+          //
+          // otherwise the slope computation can blow up to arbitrarily large and we
+          // try to generate a huge BLAMP and the result is wrong.
+          // 
+          // why does this happen if the math is right? i believe if done perfectly,
+          // the two BLAMPs on either side of the slope would cancel out, but our
+          // BLAMPs have only limited sub-sample precision and limited integration
+          // accuracy. or maybe it's just the math blowing up w/ floating point precision
+          // limits as we try to make x * (1/x) cancel out
+          //
+          // min_len verified artifact-free even near nyquist with only oversample=4
+         vert[j+1].t = vert[j].t;
+      }
+   }
+
+   if (vert[8].t != 1.0f) {
+      // if the above fixup moved the endpoint away from 1.0, move it back,
+      // along with any other vertices that got moved to the same time
+      float t = vert[8].t;
+      for (j=5; j <= 8; ++j)
+         if (vert[j].t == t)
+            vert[j].t = 1.0f;
+   }
+
+   // compute the exact slopes from the final fixed-up positions
+   for (j=0; j < 8; ++j)
+      if (vert[j+1].t == vert[j].t)
+         vert[j].s = 0;
+      else
+         vert[j].s = (vert[j+1].v - vert[j].v) / (vert[j+1].t - vert[j].t);
+
+   // wraparound at end
+   vert[8].t = 1;
+   vert[8].v = vert[0].v;
+   vert[8].s = vert[0].s;
+}
+
+STB_HEXWAVE_DEF void hexwave_generate_samples(float *output, int num_samples, HexWave *hex, float freq)
+{
+   hexvert vert[9];
+   int pass,i,j;
+   float t = hex->t;
+   float temp_output[2*STB_HEXWAVE_MAX_BLEP_LENGTH];
+   int buffered_length = sizeof(float)*hexblep.width;
+   float dt = (float) fabs(freq);
+   float recip_dt = (dt == 0.0f) ? 0.0f : 1.0f / dt;
+
+   int halfw = hexblep.width/2;
+   // all sample times are biased by halfw to leave room for BLEP/BLAMP to go back in time
+
+   if (num_samples <= 0)
+      return;
+
+   // convert parameters to times and slopes
+   hexwave_generate_linesegs(vert, hex, dt);
+
+   if (hex->prev_dt != dt) {
+      // if frequency changes, add a fixup at the derivative discontinuity starting at now
+      float slope;
+      for (j=1; j < 6; ++j)
+         if (t < vert[j].t)
+            break;
+      slope = vert[j].s;
+      if (slope != 0)
+         hex_blamp(output, 0, (dt - hex->prev_dt)*slope);
+      hex->prev_dt = dt;
+   }
+
+   // copy the buffered data from last call and clear the rest of the output array
+   memset(output, 0, sizeof(float)*num_samples);
+   memset(temp_output, 0, 2*hexblep.width*sizeof(float));
+
+   if (num_samples >= hexblep.width) {
+      memcpy(output, hex->buffer, buffered_length);
+   } else {
+      // if the output is shorter than hexblep.width, we do all synthesis to temp_output
+      memcpy(temp_output, hex->buffer, buffered_length);
+   }
+
+   for (pass=0; pass < 2; ++pass) {
+      int i0,i1;
+      float *out;
+
+      // we want to simulate having one buffer that is num_output + hexblep.width
+      // samples long, without putting that requirement on the user, and without
+      // allocating a temp buffer that's as long as the whole thing. so we use two
+      // overlapping buffers, one the user's buffer and one a fixed-length temp
+      // buffer.
+
+      if (pass == 0) {
+         if (num_samples < hexblep.width)
+            continue;
+         // run as far as we can without overwriting the end of the user's buffer 
+         out = output;
+         i0 = 0;
+         i1 = num_samples - hexblep.width;
+      } else {
+         // generate the rest into a temp buffer
+         out = temp_output;
+         i0 = 0;
+         if (num_samples >= hexblep.width)
+            i1 = hexblep.width;
+         else
+            i1 = num_samples;
+      }
+
+      // determine current segment
+      for (j=0; j < 8; ++j)
+         if (t < vert[j+1].t)                                  
+            break;
+
+      i = i0;
+      for(;;) {
+         while (t < vert[j+1].t) {
+            if (i == i1)
+               goto done;
+            out[i+halfw] += vert[j].v + vert[j].s*(t - vert[j].t);
+            t += dt;
+            ++i;
+         }
+         // transition from lineseg starting at j to lineseg starting at j+1
+
+         if (vert[j].t == vert[j+1].t)
+            hex_blep(out+i, recip_dt*(t-vert[j+1].t), (vert[j+1].v - vert[j].v));
+         hex_blamp(out+i, recip_dt*(t-vert[j+1].t), dt*(vert[j+1].s - vert[j].s));
+         ++j;
+
+         if (j == 8) {
+            // change to different waveform if there's a change pending
+            j = 0;
+            t -= 1.0; // t was >= 1.f if j==8
+            if (hex->have_pending) {
+               float prev_s0 = vert[j].s;
+               float prev_v0 = vert[j].v;
+               hex->current = hex->pending;
+               hex->have_pending = 0;
+               hexwave_generate_linesegs(vert, hex, dt);
+               // the following never occurs with this oscillator, but it makes
+               // the code work in more general cases
+               if (vert[j].v != prev_v0)
+                  hex_blep (out+i, recip_dt*t,    (vert[j].v - prev_v0));
+               if (vert[j].s != prev_s0)
+                  hex_blamp(out+i, recip_dt*t, dt*(vert[j].s - prev_s0));
+            }
+         }
+      }
+     done:
+      ;
+   }
+
+   // at this point, we've written output[] and temp_output[]
+   if (num_samples >= hexblep.width) {
+      // the first half of temp[] overlaps the end of output, the second half will be the new start overlap
+      for (i=0; i < hexblep.width; ++i)
+         output[num_samples-hexblep.width + i] += temp_output[i];
+      memcpy(hex->buffer, temp_output+hexblep.width, buffered_length);
+   } else {
+      for (i=0; i < num_samples; ++i)
+         output[i] = temp_output[i];
+      memcpy(hex->buffer, temp_output+num_samples, buffered_length);
+   }
+
+   hex->t = t;
+}
+
+STB_HEXWAVE_DEF void hexwave_shutdown(float *user_buffer)
+{
+   #ifndef STB_HEXWAVE_NO_ALLOCATION
+   if (user_buffer != 0) {
+      free(hexblep.blep);
+      free(hexblep.blamp);
+   }
+   #endif
+}
+
+// buffer should be NULL or must be 4*(width*(oversample+1)*2 + 
+STB_HEXWAVE_DEF void hexwave_init(int width, int oversample, float *user_buffer)
+{
+   int halfwidth = width/2;
+   int half = halfwidth*oversample;
+   int blep_buffer_count = width*(oversample+1);
+   int n = 2*half+1;
+#ifdef STB_HEXWAVE_NO_ALLOCATION
+   float *buffers = user_buffer;
+#else
+   float *buffers = user_buffer ? user_buffer : (float *) malloc(sizeof(float) * n * 2);
+#endif
+   float *step    = buffers+0*n;
+   float *ramp    = buffers+1*n;
+   float *blep_buffer, *blamp_buffer;
+   double integrate_impulse=0, integrate_step=0;
+   int i,j;
+
+   if (width > STB_HEXWAVE_MAX_BLEP_LENGTH)
+      width = STB_HEXWAVE_MAX_BLEP_LENGTH;
+
+   if (user_buffer == 0) {
+      #ifndef STB_HEXWAVE_NO_ALLOCATION
+      blep_buffer  = (float *) malloc(sizeof(float)*blep_buffer_count);
+      blamp_buffer = (float *) malloc(sizeof(float)*blep_buffer_count);
+      #endif
+   } else {
+      blep_buffer  = ramp+n;
+      blamp_buffer = blep_buffer + blep_buffer_count;
+   }
+
+   // compute BLEP and BLAMP by integerating windowed sinc
+   for (i=0; i < n; ++i) {
+      for (j=0; j < 16; ++j) {
+         float sinc_t = 3.141592f* (i-half) / oversample;
+         float sinc   = (i==half) ? 1.0f : (float) sin(sinc_t) / (sinc_t);
+         float wt     = 2.0f*3.1415926f * i / (n-1);
+         float window = (float) (0.355768 - 0.487396*cos(wt) + 0.144232*cos(2*wt) - 0.012604*cos(3*wt)); // Nuttall
+         double value       =         window * sinc;
+         integrate_impulse +=         value/16;
+         integrate_step    +=         integrate_impulse/16;
+      }
+      step[i]            = (float) integrate_impulse;
+      ramp[i]            = (float) integrate_step;
+   }
+
+   // renormalize
+   for (i=0; i < n; ++i) {
+      step[i] = step[i] * (float) (1.0       / step[n-1]); // step needs to reach to 1.0
+      ramp[i] = ramp[i] * (float) (halfwidth / ramp[n-1]); // ramp needs to become a slope of 1.0 after oversampling
+   }
+
+   // deinterleave to allow efficient interpolation e.g. w/SIMD
+   for (j=0; j <= oversample; ++j) {
+      for (i=0; i < width; ++i) {
+         blep_buffer [j*width+i] = step[j+i*oversample];
+         blamp_buffer[j*width+i] = ramp[j+i*oversample];
+      }
+   }
+
+   // subtract out the naive waveform; note we can't do this to the raw data
+   // above, because we want the discontinuity to be in a different locations
+   // for j=0 and j=oversample (which exists to provide something to interpolate against)
+   for (j=0; j <= oversample; ++j) {
+      // subtract step
+      for (i=halfwidth; i < width; ++i)
+         blep_buffer [j*width+i] -= 1.0f;
+      // subtract ramp
+      for (i=halfwidth; i < width; ++i)
+         blamp_buffer[j*width+i] -= (j+i*oversample-half)*(1.0f/oversample);
+   }
+
+   hexblep.blep  = blep_buffer;
+   hexblep.blamp = blamp_buffer;
+   hexblep.width = width;
+   hexblep.oversample = oversample;
+
+   #ifndef STB_HEXWAVE_NO_ALLOCATION
+   if (user_buffer == 0)
+      free(buffers);
+   #endif
+}
+#endif // STB_HEXWAVE_IMPLEMENTATION
+
+/*
+------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+This software is available under 2 licenses -- choose whichever you prefer.
+------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ALTERNATIVE A - MIT License
+Copyright (c) 2017 Sean Barrett
+Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of
+this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal in
+the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights to
+use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies
+of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do
+so, subject to the following conditions:
+The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
+copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
+SOFTWARE.
+------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ALTERNATIVE B - Public Domain (www.unlicense.org)
+This is free and unencumbered software released into the public domain.
+Anyone is free to copy, modify, publish, use, compile, sell, or distribute this
+software, either in source code form or as a compiled binary, for any purpose,
+commercial or non-commercial, and by any means.
+In jurisdictions that recognize copyright laws, the author or authors of this
+software dedicate any and all copyright interest in the software to the public
+domain. We make this dedication for the benefit of the public at large and to
+the detriment of our heirs and successors. We intend this dedication to be an
+overt act of relinquishment in perpetuity of all present and future rights to
+this software under copyright law.
+THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+AUTHORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN
+ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION
+WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
+------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+*/
diff --git a/fggl/stb/stb_image_write.h b/fggl/stb/stb_image_write.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e4b32ed
--- /dev/null
+++ b/fggl/stb/stb_image_write.h
@@ -0,0 +1,1724 @@
+/* stb_image_write - v1.16 - public domain - http://nothings.org/stb
+   writes out PNG/BMP/TGA/JPEG/HDR images to C stdio - Sean Barrett 2010-2015
+                                     no warranty implied; use at your own risk
+
+   Before #including,
+
+       #define STB_IMAGE_WRITE_IMPLEMENTATION
+
+   in the file that you want to have the implementation.
+
+   Will probably not work correctly with strict-aliasing optimizations.
+
+ABOUT:
+
+   This header file is a library for writing images to C stdio or a callback.
+
+   The PNG output is not optimal; it is 20-50% larger than the file
+   written by a decent optimizing implementation; though providing a custom
+   zlib compress function (see STBIW_ZLIB_COMPRESS) can mitigate that.
+   This library is designed for source code compactness and simplicity,
+   not optimal image file size or run-time performance.
+
+BUILDING:
+
+   You can #define STBIW_ASSERT(x) before the #include to avoid using assert.h.
+   You can #define STBIW_MALLOC(), STBIW_REALLOC(), and STBIW_FREE() to replace
+   malloc,realloc,free.
+   You can #define STBIW_MEMMOVE() to replace memmove()
+   You can #define STBIW_ZLIB_COMPRESS to use a custom zlib-style compress function
+   for PNG compression (instead of the builtin one), it must have the following signature:
+   unsigned char * my_compress(unsigned char *data, int data_len, int *out_len, int quality);
+   The returned data will be freed with STBIW_FREE() (free() by default),
+   so it must be heap allocated with STBIW_MALLOC() (malloc() by default),
+
+UNICODE:
+
+   If compiling for Windows and you wish to use Unicode filenames, compile
+   with
+       #define STBIW_WINDOWS_UTF8
+   and pass utf8-encoded filenames. Call stbiw_convert_wchar_to_utf8 to convert
+   Windows wchar_t filenames to utf8.
+
+USAGE:
+
+   There are five functions, one for each image file format:
+
+     int stbi_write_png(char const *filename, int w, int h, int comp, const void *data, int stride_in_bytes);
+     int stbi_write_bmp(char const *filename, int w, int h, int comp, const void *data);
+     int stbi_write_tga(char const *filename, int w, int h, int comp, const void *data);
+     int stbi_write_jpg(char const *filename, int w, int h, int comp, const void *data, int quality);
+     int stbi_write_hdr(char const *filename, int w, int h, int comp, const float *data);
+
+     void stbi_flip_vertically_on_write(int flag); // flag is non-zero to flip data vertically
+
+   There are also five equivalent functions that use an arbitrary write function. You are
+   expected to open/close your file-equivalent before and after calling these:
+
+     int stbi_write_png_to_func(stbi_write_func *func, void *context, int w, int h, int comp, const void  *data, int stride_in_bytes);
+     int stbi_write_bmp_to_func(stbi_write_func *func, void *context, int w, int h, int comp, const void  *data);
+     int stbi_write_tga_to_func(stbi_write_func *func, void *context, int w, int h, int comp, const void  *data);
+     int stbi_write_hdr_to_func(stbi_write_func *func, void *context, int w, int h, int comp, const float *data);
+     int stbi_write_jpg_to_func(stbi_write_func *func, void *context, int x, int y, int comp, const void *data, int quality);
+
+   where the callback is:
+      void stbi_write_func(void *context, void *data, int size);
+
+   You can configure it with these global variables:
+      int stbi_write_tga_with_rle;             // defaults to true; set to 0 to disable RLE
+      int stbi_write_png_compression_level;    // defaults to 8; set to higher for more compression
+      int stbi_write_force_png_filter;         // defaults to -1; set to 0..5 to force a filter mode
+
+
+   You can define STBI_WRITE_NO_STDIO to disable the file variant of these
+   functions, so the library will not use stdio.h at all. However, this will
+   also disable HDR writing, because it requires stdio for formatted output.
+
+   Each function returns 0 on failure and non-0 on success.
+
+   The functions create an image file defined by the parameters. The image
+   is a rectangle of pixels stored from left-to-right, top-to-bottom.
+   Each pixel contains 'comp' channels of data stored interleaved with 8-bits
+   per channel, in the following order: 1=Y, 2=YA, 3=RGB, 4=RGBA. (Y is
+   monochrome color.) The rectangle is 'w' pixels wide and 'h' pixels tall.
+   The *data pointer points to the first byte of the top-left-most pixel.
+   For PNG, "stride_in_bytes" is the distance in bytes from the first byte of
+   a row of pixels to the first byte of the next row of pixels.
+
+   PNG creates output files with the same number of components as the input.
+   The BMP format expands Y to RGB in the file format and does not
+   output alpha.
+
+   PNG supports writing rectangles of data even when the bytes storing rows of
+   data are not consecutive in memory (e.g. sub-rectangles of a larger image),
+   by supplying the stride between the beginning of adjacent rows. The other
+   formats do not. (Thus you cannot write a native-format BMP through the BMP
+   writer, both because it is in BGR order and because it may have padding
+   at the end of the line.)
+
+   PNG allows you to set the deflate compression level by setting the global
+   variable 'stbi_write_png_compression_level' (it defaults to 8).
+
+   HDR expects linear float data. Since the format is always 32-bit rgb(e)
+   data, alpha (if provided) is discarded, and for monochrome data it is
+   replicated across all three channels.
+
+   TGA supports RLE or non-RLE compressed data. To use non-RLE-compressed
+   data, set the global variable 'stbi_write_tga_with_rle' to 0.
+
+   JPEG does ignore alpha channels in input data; quality is between 1 and 100.
+   Higher quality looks better but results in a bigger image.
+   JPEG baseline (no JPEG progressive).
+
+CREDITS:
+
+
+   Sean Barrett           -    PNG/BMP/TGA
+   Baldur Karlsson        -    HDR
+   Jean-Sebastien Guay    -    TGA monochrome
+   Tim Kelsey             -    misc enhancements
+   Alan Hickman           -    TGA RLE
+   Emmanuel Julien        -    initial file IO callback implementation
+   Jon Olick              -    original jo_jpeg.cpp code
+   Daniel Gibson          -    integrate JPEG, allow external zlib
+   Aarni Koskela          -    allow choosing PNG filter
+
+   bugfixes:
+      github:Chribba
+      Guillaume Chereau
+      github:jry2
+      github:romigrou
+      Sergio Gonzalez
+      Jonas Karlsson
+      Filip Wasil
+      Thatcher Ulrich
+      github:poppolopoppo
+      Patrick Boettcher
+      github:xeekworx
+      Cap Petschulat
+      Simon Rodriguez
+      Ivan Tikhonov
+      github:ignotion
+      Adam Schackart
+      Andrew Kensler
+
+LICENSE
+
+  See end of file for license information.
+
+*/
+
+#ifndef INCLUDE_STB_IMAGE_WRITE_H
+#define INCLUDE_STB_IMAGE_WRITE_H
+
+#include <stdlib.h>
+
+// if STB_IMAGE_WRITE_STATIC causes problems, try defining STBIWDEF to 'inline' or 'static inline'
+#ifndef STBIWDEF
+#ifdef STB_IMAGE_WRITE_STATIC
+#define STBIWDEF  static
+#else
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+#define STBIWDEF  extern "C"
+#else
+#define STBIWDEF  extern
+#endif
+#endif
+#endif
+
+#ifndef STB_IMAGE_WRITE_STATIC  // C++ forbids static forward declarations
+STBIWDEF int stbi_write_tga_with_rle;
+STBIWDEF int stbi_write_png_compression_level;
+STBIWDEF int stbi_write_force_png_filter;
+#endif
+
+#ifndef STBI_WRITE_NO_STDIO
+STBIWDEF int stbi_write_png(char const *filename, int w, int h, int comp, const void  *data, int stride_in_bytes);
+STBIWDEF int stbi_write_bmp(char const *filename, int w, int h, int comp, const void  *data);
+STBIWDEF int stbi_write_tga(char const *filename, int w, int h, int comp, const void  *data);
+STBIWDEF int stbi_write_hdr(char const *filename, int w, int h, int comp, const float *data);
+STBIWDEF int stbi_write_jpg(char const *filename, int x, int y, int comp, const void  *data, int quality);
+
+#ifdef STBIW_WINDOWS_UTF8
+STBIWDEF int stbiw_convert_wchar_to_utf8(char *buffer, size_t bufferlen, const wchar_t* input);
+#endif
+#endif
+
+typedef void stbi_write_func(void *context, void *data, int size);
+
+STBIWDEF int stbi_write_png_to_func(stbi_write_func *func, void *context, int w, int h, int comp, const void  *data, int stride_in_bytes);
+STBIWDEF int stbi_write_bmp_to_func(stbi_write_func *func, void *context, int w, int h, int comp, const void  *data);
+STBIWDEF int stbi_write_tga_to_func(stbi_write_func *func, void *context, int w, int h, int comp, const void  *data);
+STBIWDEF int stbi_write_hdr_to_func(stbi_write_func *func, void *context, int w, int h, int comp, const float *data);
+STBIWDEF int stbi_write_jpg_to_func(stbi_write_func *func, void *context, int x, int y, int comp, const void  *data, int quality);
+
+STBIWDEF void stbi_flip_vertically_on_write(int flip_boolean);
+
+#endif//INCLUDE_STB_IMAGE_WRITE_H
+
+#ifdef STB_IMAGE_WRITE_IMPLEMENTATION
+
+#ifdef _WIN32
+   #ifndef _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS
+   #define _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS
+   #endif
+   #ifndef _CRT_NONSTDC_NO_DEPRECATE
+   #define _CRT_NONSTDC_NO_DEPRECATE
+   #endif
+#endif
+
+#ifndef STBI_WRITE_NO_STDIO
+#include <stdio.h>
+#endif // STBI_WRITE_NO_STDIO
+
+#include <stdarg.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include <math.h>
+
+#if defined(STBIW_MALLOC) && defined(STBIW_FREE) && (defined(STBIW_REALLOC) || defined(STBIW_REALLOC_SIZED))
+// ok
+#elif !defined(STBIW_MALLOC) && !defined(STBIW_FREE) && !defined(STBIW_REALLOC) && !defined(STBIW_REALLOC_SIZED)
+// ok
+#else
+#error "Must define all or none of STBIW_MALLOC, STBIW_FREE, and STBIW_REALLOC (or STBIW_REALLOC_SIZED)."
+#endif
+
+#ifndef STBIW_MALLOC
+#define STBIW_MALLOC(sz)        malloc(sz)
+#define STBIW_REALLOC(p,newsz)  realloc(p,newsz)
+#define STBIW_FREE(p)           free(p)
+#endif
+
+#ifndef STBIW_REALLOC_SIZED
+#define STBIW_REALLOC_SIZED(p,oldsz,newsz) STBIW_REALLOC(p,newsz)
+#endif
+
+
+#ifndef STBIW_MEMMOVE
+#define STBIW_MEMMOVE(a,b,sz) memmove(a,b,sz)
+#endif
+
+
+#ifndef STBIW_ASSERT
+#include <assert.h>
+#define STBIW_ASSERT(x) assert(x)
+#endif
+
+#define STBIW_UCHAR(x) (unsigned char) ((x) & 0xff)
+
+#ifdef STB_IMAGE_WRITE_STATIC
+static int stbi_write_png_compression_level = 8;
+static int stbi_write_tga_with_rle = 1;
+static int stbi_write_force_png_filter = -1;
+#else
+int stbi_write_png_compression_level = 8;
+int stbi_write_tga_with_rle = 1;
+int stbi_write_force_png_filter = -1;
+#endif
+
+static int stbi__flip_vertically_on_write = 0;
+
+STBIWDEF void stbi_flip_vertically_on_write(int flag)
+{
+   stbi__flip_vertically_on_write = flag;
+}
+
+typedef struct
+{
+   stbi_write_func *func;
+   void *context;
+   unsigned char buffer[64];
+   int buf_used;
+} stbi__write_context;
+
+// initialize a callback-based context
+static void stbi__start_write_callbacks(stbi__write_context *s, stbi_write_func *c, void *context)
+{
+   s->func    = c;
+   s->context = context;
+}
+
+#ifndef STBI_WRITE_NO_STDIO
+
+static void stbi__stdio_write(void *context, void *data, int size)
+{
+   fwrite(data,1,size,(FILE*) context);
+}
+
+#if defined(_WIN32) && defined(STBIW_WINDOWS_UTF8)
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+#define STBIW_EXTERN extern "C"
+#else
+#define STBIW_EXTERN extern
+#endif
+STBIW_EXTERN __declspec(dllimport) int __stdcall MultiByteToWideChar(unsigned int cp, unsigned long flags, const char *str, int cbmb, wchar_t *widestr, int cchwide);
+STBIW_EXTERN __declspec(dllimport) int __stdcall WideCharToMultiByte(unsigned int cp, unsigned long flags, const wchar_t *widestr, int cchwide, char *str, int cbmb, const char *defchar, int *used_default);
+
+STBIWDEF int stbiw_convert_wchar_to_utf8(char *buffer, size_t bufferlen, const wchar_t* input)
+{
+   return WideCharToMultiByte(65001 /* UTF8 */, 0, input, -1, buffer, (int) bufferlen, NULL, NULL);
+}
+#endif
+
+static FILE *stbiw__fopen(char const *filename, char const *mode)
+{
+   FILE *f;
+#if defined(_WIN32) && defined(STBIW_WINDOWS_UTF8)
+   wchar_t wMode[64];
+   wchar_t wFilename[1024];
+   if (0 == MultiByteToWideChar(65001 /* UTF8 */, 0, filename, -1, wFilename, sizeof(wFilename)/sizeof(*wFilename)))
+      return 0;
+
+   if (0 == MultiByteToWideChar(65001 /* UTF8 */, 0, mode, -1, wMode, sizeof(wMode)/sizeof(*wMode)))
+      return 0;
+
+#if defined(_MSC_VER) && _MSC_VER >= 1400
+   if (0 != _wfopen_s(&f, wFilename, wMode))
+      f = 0;
+#else
+   f = _wfopen(wFilename, wMode);
+#endif
+
+#elif defined(_MSC_VER) && _MSC_VER >= 1400
+   if (0 != fopen_s(&f, filename, mode))
+      f=0;
+#else
+   f = fopen(filename, mode);
+#endif
+   return f;
+}
+
+static int stbi__start_write_file(stbi__write_context *s, const char *filename)
+{
+   FILE *f = stbiw__fopen(filename, "wb");
+   stbi__start_write_callbacks(s, stbi__stdio_write, (void *) f);
+   return f != NULL;
+}
+
+static void stbi__end_write_file(stbi__write_context *s)
+{
+   fclose((FILE *)s->context);
+}
+
+#endif // !STBI_WRITE_NO_STDIO
+
+typedef unsigned int stbiw_uint32;
+typedef int stb_image_write_test[sizeof(stbiw_uint32)==4 ? 1 : -1];
+
+static void stbiw__writefv(stbi__write_context *s, const char *fmt, va_list v)
+{
+   while (*fmt) {
+      switch (*fmt++) {
+         case ' ': break;
+         case '1': { unsigned char x = STBIW_UCHAR(va_arg(v, int));
+                     s->func(s->context,&x,1);
+                     break; }
+         case '2': { int x = va_arg(v,int);
+                     unsigned char b[2];
+                     b[0] = STBIW_UCHAR(x);
+                     b[1] = STBIW_UCHAR(x>>8);
+                     s->func(s->context,b,2);
+                     break; }
+         case '4': { stbiw_uint32 x = va_arg(v,int);
+                     unsigned char b[4];
+                     b[0]=STBIW_UCHAR(x);
+                     b[1]=STBIW_UCHAR(x>>8);
+                     b[2]=STBIW_UCHAR(x>>16);
+                     b[3]=STBIW_UCHAR(x>>24);
+                     s->func(s->context,b,4);
+                     break; }
+         default:
+            STBIW_ASSERT(0);
+            return;
+      }
+   }
+}
+
+static void stbiw__writef(stbi__write_context *s, const char *fmt, ...)
+{
+   va_list v;
+   va_start(v, fmt);
+   stbiw__writefv(s, fmt, v);
+   va_end(v);
+}
+
+static void stbiw__write_flush(stbi__write_context *s)
+{
+   if (s->buf_used) {
+      s->func(s->context, &s->buffer, s->buf_used);
+      s->buf_used = 0;
+   }
+}
+
+static void stbiw__putc(stbi__write_context *s, unsigned char c)
+{
+   s->func(s->context, &c, 1);
+}
+
+static void stbiw__write1(stbi__write_context *s, unsigned char a)
+{
+   if ((size_t)s->buf_used + 1 > sizeof(s->buffer))
+      stbiw__write_flush(s);
+   s->buffer[s->buf_used++] = a;
+}
+
+static void stbiw__write3(stbi__write_context *s, unsigned char a, unsigned char b, unsigned char c)
+{
+   int n;
+   if ((size_t)s->buf_used + 3 > sizeof(s->buffer))
+      stbiw__write_flush(s);
+   n = s->buf_used;
+   s->buf_used = n+3;
+   s->buffer[n+0] = a;
+   s->buffer[n+1] = b;
+   s->buffer[n+2] = c;
+}
+
+static void stbiw__write_pixel(stbi__write_context *s, int rgb_dir, int comp, int write_alpha, int expand_mono, unsigned char *d)
+{
+   unsigned char bg[3] = { 255, 0, 255}, px[3];
+   int k;
+
+   if (write_alpha < 0)
+      stbiw__write1(s, d[comp - 1]);
+
+   switch (comp) {
+      case 2: // 2 pixels = mono + alpha, alpha is written separately, so same as 1-channel case
+      case 1:
+         if (expand_mono)
+            stbiw__write3(s, d[0], d[0], d[0]); // monochrome bmp
+         else
+            stbiw__write1(s, d[0]);  // monochrome TGA
+         break;
+      case 4:
+         if (!write_alpha) {
+            // composite against pink background
+            for (k = 0; k < 3; ++k)
+               px[k] = bg[k] + ((d[k] - bg[k]) * d[3]) / 255;
+            stbiw__write3(s, px[1 - rgb_dir], px[1], px[1 + rgb_dir]);
+            break;
+         }
+         /* FALLTHROUGH */
+      case 3:
+         stbiw__write3(s, d[1 - rgb_dir], d[1], d[1 + rgb_dir]);
+         break;
+   }
+   if (write_alpha > 0)
+      stbiw__write1(s, d[comp - 1]);
+}
+
+static void stbiw__write_pixels(stbi__write_context *s, int rgb_dir, int vdir, int x, int y, int comp, void *data, int write_alpha, int scanline_pad, int expand_mono)
+{
+   stbiw_uint32 zero = 0;
+   int i,j, j_end;
+
+   if (y <= 0)
+      return;
+
+   if (stbi__flip_vertically_on_write)
+      vdir *= -1;
+
+   if (vdir < 0) {
+      j_end = -1; j = y-1;
+   } else {
+      j_end =  y; j = 0;
+   }
+
+   for (; j != j_end; j += vdir) {
+      for (i=0; i < x; ++i) {
+         unsigned char *d = (unsigned char *) data + (j*x+i)*comp;
+         stbiw__write_pixel(s, rgb_dir, comp, write_alpha, expand_mono, d);
+      }
+      stbiw__write_flush(s);
+      s->func(s->context, &zero, scanline_pad);
+   }
+}
+
+static int stbiw__outfile(stbi__write_context *s, int rgb_dir, int vdir, int x, int y, int comp, int expand_mono, void *data, int alpha, int pad, const char *fmt, ...)
+{
+   if (y < 0 || x < 0) {
+      return 0;
+   } else {
+      va_list v;
+      va_start(v, fmt);
+      stbiw__writefv(s, fmt, v);
+      va_end(v);
+      stbiw__write_pixels(s,rgb_dir,vdir,x,y,comp,data,alpha,pad, expand_mono);
+      return 1;
+   }
+}
+
+static int stbi_write_bmp_core(stbi__write_context *s, int x, int y, int comp, const void *data)
+{
+   if (comp != 4) {
+      // write RGB bitmap
+      int pad = (-x*3) & 3;
+      return stbiw__outfile(s,-1,-1,x,y,comp,1,(void *) data,0,pad,
+              "11 4 22 4" "4 44 22 444444",
+              'B', 'M', 14+40+(x*3+pad)*y, 0,0, 14+40,  // file header
+               40, x,y, 1,24, 0,0,0,0,0,0);             // bitmap header
+   } else {
+      // RGBA bitmaps need a v4 header
+      // use BI_BITFIELDS mode with 32bpp and alpha mask
+      // (straight BI_RGB with alpha mask doesn't work in most readers)
+      return stbiw__outfile(s,-1,-1,x,y,comp,1,(void *)data,1,0,
+         "11 4 22 4" "4 44 22 444444 4444 4 444 444 444 444",
+         'B', 'M', 14+108+x*y*4, 0, 0, 14+108, // file header
+         108, x,y, 1,32, 3,0,0,0,0,0, 0xff0000,0xff00,0xff,0xff000000u, 0, 0,0,0, 0,0,0, 0,0,0, 0,0,0); // bitmap V4 header
+   }
+}
+
+STBIWDEF int stbi_write_bmp_to_func(stbi_write_func *func, void *context, int x, int y, int comp, const void *data)
+{
+   stbi__write_context s = { 0 };
+   stbi__start_write_callbacks(&s, func, context);
+   return stbi_write_bmp_core(&s, x, y, comp, data);
+}
+
+#ifndef STBI_WRITE_NO_STDIO
+STBIWDEF int stbi_write_bmp(char const *filename, int x, int y, int comp, const void *data)
+{
+   stbi__write_context s = { 0 };
+   if (stbi__start_write_file(&s,filename)) {
+      int r = stbi_write_bmp_core(&s, x, y, comp, data);
+      stbi__end_write_file(&s);
+      return r;
+   } else
+      return 0;
+}
+#endif //!STBI_WRITE_NO_STDIO
+
+static int stbi_write_tga_core(stbi__write_context *s, int x, int y, int comp, void *data)
+{
+   int has_alpha = (comp == 2 || comp == 4);
+   int colorbytes = has_alpha ? comp-1 : comp;
+   int format = colorbytes < 2 ? 3 : 2; // 3 color channels (RGB/RGBA) = 2, 1 color channel (Y/YA) = 3
+
+   if (y < 0 || x < 0)
+      return 0;
+
+   if (!stbi_write_tga_with_rle) {
+      return stbiw__outfile(s, -1, -1, x, y, comp, 0, (void *) data, has_alpha, 0,
+         "111 221 2222 11", 0, 0, format, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, x, y, (colorbytes + has_alpha) * 8, has_alpha * 8);
+   } else {
+      int i,j,k;
+      int jend, jdir;
+
+      stbiw__writef(s, "111 221 2222 11", 0,0,format+8, 0,0,0, 0,0,x,y, (colorbytes + has_alpha) * 8, has_alpha * 8);
+
+      if (stbi__flip_vertically_on_write) {
+         j = 0;
+         jend = y;
+         jdir = 1;
+      } else {
+         j = y-1;
+         jend = -1;
+         jdir = -1;
+      }
+      for (; j != jend; j += jdir) {
+         unsigned char *row = (unsigned char *) data + j * x * comp;
+         int len;
+
+         for (i = 0; i < x; i += len) {
+            unsigned char *begin = row + i * comp;
+            int diff = 1;
+            len = 1;
+
+            if (i < x - 1) {
+               ++len;
+               diff = memcmp(begin, row + (i + 1) * comp, comp);
+               if (diff) {
+                  const unsigned char *prev = begin;
+                  for (k = i + 2; k < x && len < 128; ++k) {
+                     if (memcmp(prev, row + k * comp, comp)) {
+                        prev += comp;
+                        ++len;
+                     } else {
+                        --len;
+                        break;
+                     }
+                  }
+               } else {
+                  for (k = i + 2; k < x && len < 128; ++k) {
+                     if (!memcmp(begin, row + k * comp, comp)) {
+                        ++len;
+                     } else {
+                        break;
+                     }
+                  }
+               }
+            }
+
+            if (diff) {
+               unsigned char header = STBIW_UCHAR(len - 1);
+               stbiw__write1(s, header);
+               for (k = 0; k < len; ++k) {
+                  stbiw__write_pixel(s, -1, comp, has_alpha, 0, begin + k * comp);
+               }
+            } else {
+               unsigned char header = STBIW_UCHAR(len - 129);
+               stbiw__write1(s, header);
+               stbiw__write_pixel(s, -1, comp, has_alpha, 0, begin);
+            }
+         }
+      }
+      stbiw__write_flush(s);
+   }
+   return 1;
+}
+
+STBIWDEF int stbi_write_tga_to_func(stbi_write_func *func, void *context, int x, int y, int comp, const void *data)
+{
+   stbi__write_context s = { 0 };
+   stbi__start_write_callbacks(&s, func, context);
+   return stbi_write_tga_core(&s, x, y, comp, (void *) data);
+}
+
+#ifndef STBI_WRITE_NO_STDIO
+STBIWDEF int stbi_write_tga(char const *filename, int x, int y, int comp, const void *data)
+{
+   stbi__write_context s = { 0 };
+   if (stbi__start_write_file(&s,filename)) {
+      int r = stbi_write_tga_core(&s, x, y, comp, (void *) data);
+      stbi__end_write_file(&s);
+      return r;
+   } else
+      return 0;
+}
+#endif
+
+// *************************************************************************************************
+// Radiance RGBE HDR writer
+// by Baldur Karlsson
+
+#define stbiw__max(a, b)  ((a) > (b) ? (a) : (b))
+
+#ifndef STBI_WRITE_NO_STDIO
+
+static void stbiw__linear_to_rgbe(unsigned char *rgbe, float *linear)
+{
+   int exponent;
+   float maxcomp = stbiw__max(linear[0], stbiw__max(linear[1], linear[2]));
+
+   if (maxcomp < 1e-32f) {
+      rgbe[0] = rgbe[1] = rgbe[2] = rgbe[3] = 0;
+   } else {
+      float normalize = (float) frexp(maxcomp, &exponent) * 256.0f/maxcomp;
+
+      rgbe[0] = (unsigned char)(linear[0] * normalize);
+      rgbe[1] = (unsigned char)(linear[1] * normalize);
+      rgbe[2] = (unsigned char)(linear[2] * normalize);
+      rgbe[3] = (unsigned char)(exponent + 128);
+   }
+}
+
+static void stbiw__write_run_data(stbi__write_context *s, int length, unsigned char databyte)
+{
+   unsigned char lengthbyte = STBIW_UCHAR(length+128);
+   STBIW_ASSERT(length+128 <= 255);
+   s->func(s->context, &lengthbyte, 1);
+   s->func(s->context, &databyte, 1);
+}
+
+static void stbiw__write_dump_data(stbi__write_context *s, int length, unsigned char *data)
+{
+   unsigned char lengthbyte = STBIW_UCHAR(length);
+   STBIW_ASSERT(length <= 128); // inconsistent with spec but consistent with official code
+   s->func(s->context, &lengthbyte, 1);
+   s->func(s->context, data, length);
+}
+
+static void stbiw__write_hdr_scanline(stbi__write_context *s, int width, int ncomp, unsigned char *scratch, float *scanline)
+{
+   unsigned char scanlineheader[4] = { 2, 2, 0, 0 };
+   unsigned char rgbe[4];
+   float linear[3];
+   int x;
+
+   scanlineheader[2] = (width&0xff00)>>8;
+   scanlineheader[3] = (width&0x00ff);
+
+   /* skip RLE for images too small or large */
+   if (width < 8 || width >= 32768) {
+      for (x=0; x < width; x++) {
+         switch (ncomp) {
+            case 4: /* fallthrough */
+            case 3: linear[2] = scanline[x*ncomp + 2];
+                    linear[1] = scanline[x*ncomp + 1];
+                    linear[0] = scanline[x*ncomp + 0];
+                    break;
+            default:
+                    linear[0] = linear[1] = linear[2] = scanline[x*ncomp + 0];
+                    break;
+         }
+         stbiw__linear_to_rgbe(rgbe, linear);
+         s->func(s->context, rgbe, 4);
+      }
+   } else {
+      int c,r;
+      /* encode into scratch buffer */
+      for (x=0; x < width; x++) {
+         switch(ncomp) {
+            case 4: /* fallthrough */
+            case 3: linear[2] = scanline[x*ncomp + 2];
+                    linear[1] = scanline[x*ncomp + 1];
+                    linear[0] = scanline[x*ncomp + 0];
+                    break;
+            default:
+                    linear[0] = linear[1] = linear[2] = scanline[x*ncomp + 0];
+                    break;
+         }
+         stbiw__linear_to_rgbe(rgbe, linear);
+         scratch[x + width*0] = rgbe[0];
+         scratch[x + width*1] = rgbe[1];
+         scratch[x + width*2] = rgbe[2];
+         scratch[x + width*3] = rgbe[3];
+      }
+
+      s->func(s->context, scanlineheader, 4);
+
+      /* RLE each component separately */
+      for (c=0; c < 4; c++) {
+         unsigned char *comp = &scratch[width*c];
+
+         x = 0;
+         while (x < width) {
+            // find first run
+            r = x;
+            while (r+2 < width) {
+               if (comp[r] == comp[r+1] && comp[r] == comp[r+2])
+                  break;
+               ++r;
+            }
+            if (r+2 >= width)
+               r = width;
+            // dump up to first run
+            while (x < r) {
+               int len = r-x;
+               if (len > 128) len = 128;
+               stbiw__write_dump_data(s, len, &comp[x]);
+               x += len;
+            }
+            // if there's a run, output it
+            if (r+2 < width) { // same test as what we break out of in search loop, so only true if we break'd
+               // find next byte after run
+               while (r < width && comp[r] == comp[x])
+                  ++r;
+               // output run up to r
+               while (x < r) {
+                  int len = r-x;
+                  if (len > 127) len = 127;
+                  stbiw__write_run_data(s, len, comp[x]);
+                  x += len;
+               }
+            }
+         }
+      }
+   }
+}
+
+static int stbi_write_hdr_core(stbi__write_context *s, int x, int y, int comp, float *data)
+{
+   if (y <= 0 || x <= 0 || data == NULL)
+      return 0;
+   else {
+      // Each component is stored separately. Allocate scratch space for full output scanline.
+      unsigned char *scratch = (unsigned char *) STBIW_MALLOC(x*4);
+      int i, len;
+      char buffer[128];
+      char header[] = "#?RADIANCE\n# Written by stb_image_write.h\nFORMAT=32-bit_rle_rgbe\n";
+      s->func(s->context, header, sizeof(header)-1);
+
+#ifdef __STDC_LIB_EXT1__
+      len = sprintf_s(buffer, sizeof(buffer), "EXPOSURE=          1.0000000000000\n\n-Y %d +X %d\n", y, x);
+#else
+      len = sprintf(buffer, "EXPOSURE=          1.0000000000000\n\n-Y %d +X %d\n", y, x);
+#endif
+      s->func(s->context, buffer, len);
+
+      for(i=0; i < y; i++)
+         stbiw__write_hdr_scanline(s, x, comp, scratch, data + comp*x*(stbi__flip_vertically_on_write ? y-1-i : i));
+      STBIW_FREE(scratch);
+      return 1;
+   }
+}
+
+STBIWDEF int stbi_write_hdr_to_func(stbi_write_func *func, void *context, int x, int y, int comp, const float *data)
+{
+   stbi__write_context s = { 0 };
+   stbi__start_write_callbacks(&s, func, context);
+   return stbi_write_hdr_core(&s, x, y, comp, (float *) data);
+}
+
+STBIWDEF int stbi_write_hdr(char const *filename, int x, int y, int comp, const float *data)
+{
+   stbi__write_context s = { 0 };
+   if (stbi__start_write_file(&s,filename)) {
+      int r = stbi_write_hdr_core(&s, x, y, comp, (float *) data);
+      stbi__end_write_file(&s);
+      return r;
+   } else
+      return 0;
+}
+#endif // STBI_WRITE_NO_STDIO
+
+
+//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+//
+// PNG writer
+//
+
+#ifndef STBIW_ZLIB_COMPRESS
+// stretchy buffer; stbiw__sbpush() == vector<>::push_back() -- stbiw__sbcount() == vector<>::size()
+#define stbiw__sbraw(a) ((int *) (void *) (a) - 2)
+#define stbiw__sbm(a)   stbiw__sbraw(a)[0]
+#define stbiw__sbn(a)   stbiw__sbraw(a)[1]
+
+#define stbiw__sbneedgrow(a,n)  ((a)==0 || stbiw__sbn(a)+n >= stbiw__sbm(a))
+#define stbiw__sbmaybegrow(a,n) (stbiw__sbneedgrow(a,(n)) ? stbiw__sbgrow(a,n) : 0)
+#define stbiw__sbgrow(a,n)  stbiw__sbgrowf((void **) &(a), (n), sizeof(*(a)))
+
+#define stbiw__sbpush(a, v)      (stbiw__sbmaybegrow(a,1), (a)[stbiw__sbn(a)++] = (v))
+#define stbiw__sbcount(a)        ((a) ? stbiw__sbn(a) : 0)
+#define stbiw__sbfree(a)         ((a) ? STBIW_FREE(stbiw__sbraw(a)),0 : 0)
+
+static void *stbiw__sbgrowf(void **arr, int increment, int itemsize)
+{
+   int m = *arr ? 2*stbiw__sbm(*arr)+increment : increment+1;
+   void *p = STBIW_REALLOC_SIZED(*arr ? stbiw__sbraw(*arr) : 0, *arr ? (stbiw__sbm(*arr)*itemsize + sizeof(int)*2) : 0, itemsize * m + sizeof(int)*2);
+   STBIW_ASSERT(p);
+   if (p) {
+      if (!*arr) ((int *) p)[1] = 0;
+      *arr = (void *) ((int *) p + 2);
+      stbiw__sbm(*arr) = m;
+   }
+   return *arr;
+}
+
+static unsigned char *stbiw__zlib_flushf(unsigned char *data, unsigned int *bitbuffer, int *bitcount)
+{
+   while (*bitcount >= 8) {
+      stbiw__sbpush(data, STBIW_UCHAR(*bitbuffer));
+      *bitbuffer >>= 8;
+      *bitcount -= 8;
+   }
+   return data;
+}
+
+static int stbiw__zlib_bitrev(int code, int codebits)
+{
+   int res=0;
+   while (codebits--) {
+      res = (res << 1) | (code & 1);
+      code >>= 1;
+   }
+   return res;
+}
+
+static unsigned int stbiw__zlib_countm(unsigned char *a, unsigned char *b, int limit)
+{
+   int i;
+   for (i=0; i < limit && i < 258; ++i)
+      if (a[i] != b[i]) break;
+   return i;
+}
+
+static unsigned int stbiw__zhash(unsigned char *data)
+{
+   stbiw_uint32 hash = data[0] + (data[1] << 8) + (data[2] << 16);
+   hash ^= hash << 3;
+   hash += hash >> 5;
+   hash ^= hash << 4;
+   hash += hash >> 17;
+   hash ^= hash << 25;
+   hash += hash >> 6;
+   return hash;
+}
+
+#define stbiw__zlib_flush() (out = stbiw__zlib_flushf(out, &bitbuf, &bitcount))
+#define stbiw__zlib_add(code,codebits) \
+      (bitbuf |= (code) << bitcount, bitcount += (codebits), stbiw__zlib_flush())
+#define stbiw__zlib_huffa(b,c)  stbiw__zlib_add(stbiw__zlib_bitrev(b,c),c)
+// default huffman tables
+#define stbiw__zlib_huff1(n)  stbiw__zlib_huffa(0x30 + (n), 8)
+#define stbiw__zlib_huff2(n)  stbiw__zlib_huffa(0x190 + (n)-144, 9)
+#define stbiw__zlib_huff3(n)  stbiw__zlib_huffa(0 + (n)-256,7)
+#define stbiw__zlib_huff4(n)  stbiw__zlib_huffa(0xc0 + (n)-280,8)
+#define stbiw__zlib_huff(n)  ((n) <= 143 ? stbiw__zlib_huff1(n) : (n) <= 255 ? stbiw__zlib_huff2(n) : (n) <= 279 ? stbiw__zlib_huff3(n) : stbiw__zlib_huff4(n))
+#define stbiw__zlib_huffb(n) ((n) <= 143 ? stbiw__zlib_huff1(n) : stbiw__zlib_huff2(n))
+
+#define stbiw__ZHASH   16384
+
+#endif // STBIW_ZLIB_COMPRESS
+
+STBIWDEF unsigned char * stbi_zlib_compress(unsigned char *data, int data_len, int *out_len, int quality)
+{
+#ifdef STBIW_ZLIB_COMPRESS
+   // user provided a zlib compress implementation, use that
+   return STBIW_ZLIB_COMPRESS(data, data_len, out_len, quality);
+#else // use builtin
+   static unsigned short lengthc[] = { 3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,13,15,17,19,23,27,31,35,43,51,59,67,83,99,115,131,163,195,227,258, 259 };
+   static unsigned char  lengtheb[]= { 0,0,0,0,0,0,0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 2, 2, 2, 2, 3, 3, 3, 3, 4, 4, 4,  4,  5,  5,  5,  5,  0 };
+   static unsigned short distc[]   = { 1,2,3,4,5,7,9,13,17,25,33,49,65,97,129,193,257,385,513,769,1025,1537,2049,3073,4097,6145,8193,12289,16385,24577, 32768 };
+   static unsigned char  disteb[]  = { 0,0,0,0,1,1,2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7,8,8,9,9,10,10,11,11,12,12,13,13 };
+   unsigned int bitbuf=0;
+   int i,j, bitcount=0;
+   unsigned char *out = NULL;
+   unsigned char ***hash_table = (unsigned char***) STBIW_MALLOC(stbiw__ZHASH * sizeof(unsigned char**));
+   if (hash_table == NULL)
+      return NULL;
+   if (quality < 5) quality = 5;
+
+   stbiw__sbpush(out, 0x78);   // DEFLATE 32K window
+   stbiw__sbpush(out, 0x5e);   // FLEVEL = 1
+   stbiw__zlib_add(1,1);  // BFINAL = 1
+   stbiw__zlib_add(1,2);  // BTYPE = 1 -- fixed huffman
+
+   for (i=0; i < stbiw__ZHASH; ++i)
+      hash_table[i] = NULL;
+
+   i=0;
+   while (i < data_len-3) {
+      // hash next 3 bytes of data to be compressed
+      int h = stbiw__zhash(data+i)&(stbiw__ZHASH-1), best=3;
+      unsigned char *bestloc = 0;
+      unsigned char **hlist = hash_table[h];
+      int n = stbiw__sbcount(hlist);
+      for (j=0; j < n; ++j) {
+         if (hlist[j]-data > i-32768) { // if entry lies within window
+            int d = stbiw__zlib_countm(hlist[j], data+i, data_len-i);
+            if (d >= best) { best=d; bestloc=hlist[j]; }
+         }
+      }
+      // when hash table entry is too long, delete half the entries
+      if (hash_table[h] && stbiw__sbn(hash_table[h]) == 2*quality) {
+         STBIW_MEMMOVE(hash_table[h], hash_table[h]+quality, sizeof(hash_table[h][0])*quality);
+         stbiw__sbn(hash_table[h]) = quality;
+      }
+      stbiw__sbpush(hash_table[h],data+i);
+
+      if (bestloc) {
+         // "lazy matching" - check match at *next* byte, and if it's better, do cur byte as literal
+         h = stbiw__zhash(data+i+1)&(stbiw__ZHASH-1);
+         hlist = hash_table[h];
+         n = stbiw__sbcount(hlist);
+         for (j=0; j < n; ++j) {
+            if (hlist[j]-data > i-32767) {
+               int e = stbiw__zlib_countm(hlist[j], data+i+1, data_len-i-1);
+               if (e > best) { // if next match is better, bail on current match
+                  bestloc = NULL;
+                  break;
+               }
+            }
+         }
+      }
+
+      if (bestloc) {
+         int d = (int) (data+i - bestloc); // distance back
+         STBIW_ASSERT(d <= 32767 && best <= 258);
+         for (j=0; best > lengthc[j+1]-1; ++j);
+         stbiw__zlib_huff(j+257);
+         if (lengtheb[j]) stbiw__zlib_add(best - lengthc[j], lengtheb[j]);
+         for (j=0; d > distc[j+1]-1; ++j);
+         stbiw__zlib_add(stbiw__zlib_bitrev(j,5),5);
+         if (disteb[j]) stbiw__zlib_add(d - distc[j], disteb[j]);
+         i += best;
+      } else {
+         stbiw__zlib_huffb(data[i]);
+         ++i;
+      }
+   }
+   // write out final bytes
+   for (;i < data_len; ++i)
+      stbiw__zlib_huffb(data[i]);
+   stbiw__zlib_huff(256); // end of block
+   // pad with 0 bits to byte boundary
+   while (bitcount)
+      stbiw__zlib_add(0,1);
+
+   for (i=0; i < stbiw__ZHASH; ++i)
+      (void) stbiw__sbfree(hash_table[i]);
+   STBIW_FREE(hash_table);
+
+   // store uncompressed instead if compression was worse
+   if (stbiw__sbn(out) > data_len + 2 + ((data_len+32766)/32767)*5) {
+      stbiw__sbn(out) = 2;  // truncate to DEFLATE 32K window and FLEVEL = 1
+      for (j = 0; j < data_len;) {
+         int blocklen = data_len - j;
+         if (blocklen > 32767) blocklen = 32767;
+         stbiw__sbpush(out, data_len - j == blocklen); // BFINAL = ?, BTYPE = 0 -- no compression
+         stbiw__sbpush(out, STBIW_UCHAR(blocklen)); // LEN
+         stbiw__sbpush(out, STBIW_UCHAR(blocklen >> 8));
+         stbiw__sbpush(out, STBIW_UCHAR(~blocklen)); // NLEN
+         stbiw__sbpush(out, STBIW_UCHAR(~blocklen >> 8));
+         memcpy(out+stbiw__sbn(out), data+j, blocklen);
+         stbiw__sbn(out) += blocklen;
+         j += blocklen;
+      }
+   }
+
+   {
+      // compute adler32 on input
+      unsigned int s1=1, s2=0;
+      int blocklen = (int) (data_len % 5552);
+      j=0;
+      while (j < data_len) {
+         for (i=0; i < blocklen; ++i) { s1 += data[j+i]; s2 += s1; }
+         s1 %= 65521; s2 %= 65521;
+         j += blocklen;
+         blocklen = 5552;
+      }
+      stbiw__sbpush(out, STBIW_UCHAR(s2 >> 8));
+      stbiw__sbpush(out, STBIW_UCHAR(s2));
+      stbiw__sbpush(out, STBIW_UCHAR(s1 >> 8));
+      stbiw__sbpush(out, STBIW_UCHAR(s1));
+   }
+   *out_len = stbiw__sbn(out);
+   // make returned pointer freeable
+   STBIW_MEMMOVE(stbiw__sbraw(out), out, *out_len);
+   return (unsigned char *) stbiw__sbraw(out);
+#endif // STBIW_ZLIB_COMPRESS
+}
+
+static unsigned int stbiw__crc32(unsigned char *buffer, int len)
+{
+#ifdef STBIW_CRC32
+    return STBIW_CRC32(buffer, len);
+#else
+   static unsigned int crc_table[256] =
+   {
+      0x00000000, 0x77073096, 0xEE0E612C, 0x990951BA, 0x076DC419, 0x706AF48F, 0xE963A535, 0x9E6495A3,
+      0x0eDB8832, 0x79DCB8A4, 0xE0D5E91E, 0x97D2D988, 0x09B64C2B, 0x7EB17CBD, 0xE7B82D07, 0x90BF1D91,
+      0x1DB71064, 0x6AB020F2, 0xF3B97148, 0x84BE41DE, 0x1ADAD47D, 0x6DDDE4EB, 0xF4D4B551, 0x83D385C7,
+      0x136C9856, 0x646BA8C0, 0xFD62F97A, 0x8A65C9EC, 0x14015C4F, 0x63066CD9, 0xFA0F3D63, 0x8D080DF5,
+      0x3B6E20C8, 0x4C69105E, 0xD56041E4, 0xA2677172, 0x3C03E4D1, 0x4B04D447, 0xD20D85FD, 0xA50AB56B,
+      0x35B5A8FA, 0x42B2986C, 0xDBBBC9D6, 0xACBCF940, 0x32D86CE3, 0x45DF5C75, 0xDCD60DCF, 0xABD13D59,
+      0x26D930AC, 0x51DE003A, 0xC8D75180, 0xBFD06116, 0x21B4F4B5, 0x56B3C423, 0xCFBA9599, 0xB8BDA50F,
+      0x2802B89E, 0x5F058808, 0xC60CD9B2, 0xB10BE924, 0x2F6F7C87, 0x58684C11, 0xC1611DAB, 0xB6662D3D,
+      0x76DC4190, 0x01DB7106, 0x98D220BC, 0xEFD5102A, 0x71B18589, 0x06B6B51F, 0x9FBFE4A5, 0xE8B8D433,
+      0x7807C9A2, 0x0F00F934, 0x9609A88E, 0xE10E9818, 0x7F6A0DBB, 0x086D3D2D, 0x91646C97, 0xE6635C01,
+      0x6B6B51F4, 0x1C6C6162, 0x856530D8, 0xF262004E, 0x6C0695ED, 0x1B01A57B, 0x8208F4C1, 0xF50FC457,
+      0x65B0D9C6, 0x12B7E950, 0x8BBEB8EA, 0xFCB9887C, 0x62DD1DDF, 0x15DA2D49, 0x8CD37CF3, 0xFBD44C65,
+      0x4DB26158, 0x3AB551CE, 0xA3BC0074, 0xD4BB30E2, 0x4ADFA541, 0x3DD895D7, 0xA4D1C46D, 0xD3D6F4FB,
+      0x4369E96A, 0x346ED9FC, 0xAD678846, 0xDA60B8D0, 0x44042D73, 0x33031DE5, 0xAA0A4C5F, 0xDD0D7CC9,
+      0x5005713C, 0x270241AA, 0xBE0B1010, 0xC90C2086, 0x5768B525, 0x206F85B3, 0xB966D409, 0xCE61E49F,
+      0x5EDEF90E, 0x29D9C998, 0xB0D09822, 0xC7D7A8B4, 0x59B33D17, 0x2EB40D81, 0xB7BD5C3B, 0xC0BA6CAD,
+      0xEDB88320, 0x9ABFB3B6, 0x03B6E20C, 0x74B1D29A, 0xEAD54739, 0x9DD277AF, 0x04DB2615, 0x73DC1683,
+      0xE3630B12, 0x94643B84, 0x0D6D6A3E, 0x7A6A5AA8, 0xE40ECF0B, 0x9309FF9D, 0x0A00AE27, 0x7D079EB1,
+      0xF00F9344, 0x8708A3D2, 0x1E01F268, 0x6906C2FE, 0xF762575D, 0x806567CB, 0x196C3671, 0x6E6B06E7,
+      0xFED41B76, 0x89D32BE0, 0x10DA7A5A, 0x67DD4ACC, 0xF9B9DF6F, 0x8EBEEFF9, 0x17B7BE43, 0x60B08ED5,
+      0xD6D6A3E8, 0xA1D1937E, 0x38D8C2C4, 0x4FDFF252, 0xD1BB67F1, 0xA6BC5767, 0x3FB506DD, 0x48B2364B,
+      0xD80D2BDA, 0xAF0A1B4C, 0x36034AF6, 0x41047A60, 0xDF60EFC3, 0xA867DF55, 0x316E8EEF, 0x4669BE79,
+      0xCB61B38C, 0xBC66831A, 0x256FD2A0, 0x5268E236, 0xCC0C7795, 0xBB0B4703, 0x220216B9, 0x5505262F,
+      0xC5BA3BBE, 0xB2BD0B28, 0x2BB45A92, 0x5CB36A04, 0xC2D7FFA7, 0xB5D0CF31, 0x2CD99E8B, 0x5BDEAE1D,
+      0x9B64C2B0, 0xEC63F226, 0x756AA39C, 0x026D930A, 0x9C0906A9, 0xEB0E363F, 0x72076785, 0x05005713,
+      0x95BF4A82, 0xE2B87A14, 0x7BB12BAE, 0x0CB61B38, 0x92D28E9B, 0xE5D5BE0D, 0x7CDCEFB7, 0x0BDBDF21,
+      0x86D3D2D4, 0xF1D4E242, 0x68DDB3F8, 0x1FDA836E, 0x81BE16CD, 0xF6B9265B, 0x6FB077E1, 0x18B74777,
+      0x88085AE6, 0xFF0F6A70, 0x66063BCA, 0x11010B5C, 0x8F659EFF, 0xF862AE69, 0x616BFFD3, 0x166CCF45,
+      0xA00AE278, 0xD70DD2EE, 0x4E048354, 0x3903B3C2, 0xA7672661, 0xD06016F7, 0x4969474D, 0x3E6E77DB,
+      0xAED16A4A, 0xD9D65ADC, 0x40DF0B66, 0x37D83BF0, 0xA9BCAE53, 0xDEBB9EC5, 0x47B2CF7F, 0x30B5FFE9,
+      0xBDBDF21C, 0xCABAC28A, 0x53B39330, 0x24B4A3A6, 0xBAD03605, 0xCDD70693, 0x54DE5729, 0x23D967BF,
+      0xB3667A2E, 0xC4614AB8, 0x5D681B02, 0x2A6F2B94, 0xB40BBE37, 0xC30C8EA1, 0x5A05DF1B, 0x2D02EF8D
+   };
+
+   unsigned int crc = ~0u;
+   int i;
+   for (i=0; i < len; ++i)
+      crc = (crc >> 8) ^ crc_table[buffer[i] ^ (crc & 0xff)];
+   return ~crc;
+#endif
+}
+
+#define stbiw__wpng4(o,a,b,c,d) ((o)[0]=STBIW_UCHAR(a),(o)[1]=STBIW_UCHAR(b),(o)[2]=STBIW_UCHAR(c),(o)[3]=STBIW_UCHAR(d),(o)+=4)
+#define stbiw__wp32(data,v) stbiw__wpng4(data, (v)>>24,(v)>>16,(v)>>8,(v));
+#define stbiw__wptag(data,s) stbiw__wpng4(data, s[0],s[1],s[2],s[3])
+
+static void stbiw__wpcrc(unsigned char **data, int len)
+{
+   unsigned int crc = stbiw__crc32(*data - len - 4, len+4);
+   stbiw__wp32(*data, crc);
+}
+
+static unsigned char stbiw__paeth(int a, int b, int c)
+{
+   int p = a + b - c, pa = abs(p-a), pb = abs(p-b), pc = abs(p-c);
+   if (pa <= pb && pa <= pc) return STBIW_UCHAR(a);
+   if (pb <= pc) return STBIW_UCHAR(b);
+   return STBIW_UCHAR(c);
+}
+
+// @OPTIMIZE: provide an option that always forces left-predict or paeth predict
+static void stbiw__encode_png_line(unsigned char *pixels, int stride_bytes, int width, int height, int y, int n, int filter_type, signed char *line_buffer)
+{
+   static int mapping[] = { 0,1,2,3,4 };
+   static int firstmap[] = { 0,1,0,5,6 };
+   int *mymap = (y != 0) ? mapping : firstmap;
+   int i;
+   int type = mymap[filter_type];
+   unsigned char *z = pixels + stride_bytes * (stbi__flip_vertically_on_write ? height-1-y : y);
+   int signed_stride = stbi__flip_vertically_on_write ? -stride_bytes : stride_bytes;
+
+   if (type==0) {
+      memcpy(line_buffer, z, width*n);
+      return;
+   }
+
+   // first loop isn't optimized since it's just one pixel
+   for (i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
+      switch (type) {
+         case 1: line_buffer[i] = z[i]; break;
+         case 2: line_buffer[i] = z[i] - z[i-signed_stride]; break;
+         case 3: line_buffer[i] = z[i] - (z[i-signed_stride]>>1); break;
+         case 4: line_buffer[i] = (signed char) (z[i] - stbiw__paeth(0,z[i-signed_stride],0)); break;
+         case 5: line_buffer[i] = z[i]; break;
+         case 6: line_buffer[i] = z[i]; break;
+      }
+   }
+   switch (type) {
+      case 1: for (i=n; i < width*n; ++i) line_buffer[i] = z[i] - z[i-n]; break;
+      case 2: for (i=n; i < width*n; ++i) line_buffer[i] = z[i] - z[i-signed_stride]; break;
+      case 3: for (i=n; i < width*n; ++i) line_buffer[i] = z[i] - ((z[i-n] + z[i-signed_stride])>>1); break;
+      case 4: for (i=n; i < width*n; ++i) line_buffer[i] = z[i] - stbiw__paeth(z[i-n], z[i-signed_stride], z[i-signed_stride-n]); break;
+      case 5: for (i=n; i < width*n; ++i) line_buffer[i] = z[i] - (z[i-n]>>1); break;
+      case 6: for (i=n; i < width*n; ++i) line_buffer[i] = z[i] - stbiw__paeth(z[i-n], 0,0); break;
+   }
+}
+
+STBIWDEF unsigned char *stbi_write_png_to_mem(const unsigned char *pixels, int stride_bytes, int x, int y, int n, int *out_len)
+{
+   int force_filter = stbi_write_force_png_filter;
+   int ctype[5] = { -1, 0, 4, 2, 6 };
+   unsigned char sig[8] = { 137,80,78,71,13,10,26,10 };
+   unsigned char *out,*o, *filt, *zlib;
+   signed char *line_buffer;
+   int j,zlen;
+
+   if (stride_bytes == 0)
+      stride_bytes = x * n;
+
+   if (force_filter >= 5) {
+      force_filter = -1;
+   }
+
+   filt = (unsigned char *) STBIW_MALLOC((x*n+1) * y); if (!filt) return 0;
+   line_buffer = (signed char *) STBIW_MALLOC(x * n); if (!line_buffer) { STBIW_FREE(filt); return 0; }
+   for (j=0; j < y; ++j) {
+      int filter_type;
+      if (force_filter > -1) {
+         filter_type = force_filter;
+         stbiw__encode_png_line((unsigned char*)(pixels), stride_bytes, x, y, j, n, force_filter, line_buffer);
+      } else { // Estimate the best filter by running through all of them:
+         int best_filter = 0, best_filter_val = 0x7fffffff, est, i;
+         for (filter_type = 0; filter_type < 5; filter_type++) {
+            stbiw__encode_png_line((unsigned char*)(pixels), stride_bytes, x, y, j, n, filter_type, line_buffer);
+
+            // Estimate the entropy of the line using this filter; the less, the better.
+            est = 0;
+            for (i = 0; i < x*n; ++i) {
+               est += abs((signed char) line_buffer[i]);
+            }
+            if (est < best_filter_val) {
+               best_filter_val = est;
+               best_filter = filter_type;
+            }
+         }
+         if (filter_type != best_filter) {  // If the last iteration already got us the best filter, don't redo it
+            stbiw__encode_png_line((unsigned char*)(pixels), stride_bytes, x, y, j, n, best_filter, line_buffer);
+            filter_type = best_filter;
+         }
+      }
+      // when we get here, filter_type contains the filter type, and line_buffer contains the data
+      filt[j*(x*n+1)] = (unsigned char) filter_type;
+      STBIW_MEMMOVE(filt+j*(x*n+1)+1, line_buffer, x*n);
+   }
+   STBIW_FREE(line_buffer);
+   zlib = stbi_zlib_compress(filt, y*( x*n+1), &zlen, stbi_write_png_compression_level);
+   STBIW_FREE(filt);
+   if (!zlib) return 0;
+
+   // each tag requires 12 bytes of overhead
+   out = (unsigned char *) STBIW_MALLOC(8 + 12+13 + 12+zlen + 12);
+   if (!out) return 0;
+   *out_len = 8 + 12+13 + 12+zlen + 12;
+
+   o=out;
+   STBIW_MEMMOVE(o,sig,8); o+= 8;
+   stbiw__wp32(o, 13); // header length
+   stbiw__wptag(o, "IHDR");
+   stbiw__wp32(o, x);
+   stbiw__wp32(o, y);
+   *o++ = 8;
+   *o++ = STBIW_UCHAR(ctype[n]);
+   *o++ = 0;
+   *o++ = 0;
+   *o++ = 0;
+   stbiw__wpcrc(&o,13);
+
+   stbiw__wp32(o, zlen);
+   stbiw__wptag(o, "IDAT");
+   STBIW_MEMMOVE(o, zlib, zlen);
+   o += zlen;
+   STBIW_FREE(zlib);
+   stbiw__wpcrc(&o, zlen);
+
+   stbiw__wp32(o,0);
+   stbiw__wptag(o, "IEND");
+   stbiw__wpcrc(&o,0);
+
+   STBIW_ASSERT(o == out + *out_len);
+
+   return out;
+}
+
+#ifndef STBI_WRITE_NO_STDIO
+STBIWDEF int stbi_write_png(char const *filename, int x, int y, int comp, const void *data, int stride_bytes)
+{
+   FILE *f;
+   int len;
+   unsigned char *png = stbi_write_png_to_mem((const unsigned char *) data, stride_bytes, x, y, comp, &len);
+   if (png == NULL) return 0;
+
+   f = stbiw__fopen(filename, "wb");
+   if (!f) { STBIW_FREE(png); return 0; }
+   fwrite(png, 1, len, f);
+   fclose(f);
+   STBIW_FREE(png);
+   return 1;
+}
+#endif
+
+STBIWDEF int stbi_write_png_to_func(stbi_write_func *func, void *context, int x, int y, int comp, const void *data, int stride_bytes)
+{
+   int len;
+   unsigned char *png = stbi_write_png_to_mem((const unsigned char *) data, stride_bytes, x, y, comp, &len);
+   if (png == NULL) return 0;
+   func(context, png, len);
+   STBIW_FREE(png);
+   return 1;
+}
+
+
+/* ***************************************************************************
+ *
+ * JPEG writer
+ *
+ * This is based on Jon Olick's jo_jpeg.cpp:
+ * public domain Simple, Minimalistic JPEG writer - http://www.jonolick.com/code.html
+ */
+
+static const unsigned char stbiw__jpg_ZigZag[] = { 0,1,5,6,14,15,27,28,2,4,7,13,16,26,29,42,3,8,12,17,25,30,41,43,9,11,18,
+      24,31,40,44,53,10,19,23,32,39,45,52,54,20,22,33,38,46,51,55,60,21,34,37,47,50,56,59,61,35,36,48,49,57,58,62,63 };
+
+static void stbiw__jpg_writeBits(stbi__write_context *s, int *bitBufP, int *bitCntP, const unsigned short *bs) {
+   int bitBuf = *bitBufP, bitCnt = *bitCntP;
+   bitCnt += bs[1];
+   bitBuf |= bs[0] << (24 - bitCnt);
+   while(bitCnt >= 8) {
+      unsigned char c = (bitBuf >> 16) & 255;
+      stbiw__putc(s, c);
+      if(c == 255) {
+         stbiw__putc(s, 0);
+      }
+      bitBuf <<= 8;
+      bitCnt -= 8;
+   }
+   *bitBufP = bitBuf;
+   *bitCntP = bitCnt;
+}
+
+static void stbiw__jpg_DCT(float *d0p, float *d1p, float *d2p, float *d3p, float *d4p, float *d5p, float *d6p, float *d7p) {
+   float d0 = *d0p, d1 = *d1p, d2 = *d2p, d3 = *d3p, d4 = *d4p, d5 = *d5p, d6 = *d6p, d7 = *d7p;
+   float z1, z2, z3, z4, z5, z11, z13;
+
+   float tmp0 = d0 + d7;
+   float tmp7 = d0 - d7;
+   float tmp1 = d1 + d6;
+   float tmp6 = d1 - d6;
+   float tmp2 = d2 + d5;
+   float tmp5 = d2 - d5;
+   float tmp3 = d3 + d4;
+   float tmp4 = d3 - d4;
+
+   // Even part
+   float tmp10 = tmp0 + tmp3;   // phase 2
+   float tmp13 = tmp0 - tmp3;
+   float tmp11 = tmp1 + tmp2;
+   float tmp12 = tmp1 - tmp2;
+
+   d0 = tmp10 + tmp11;       // phase 3
+   d4 = tmp10 - tmp11;
+
+   z1 = (tmp12 + tmp13) * 0.707106781f; // c4
+   d2 = tmp13 + z1;       // phase 5
+   d6 = tmp13 - z1;
+
+   // Odd part
+   tmp10 = tmp4 + tmp5;       // phase 2
+   tmp11 = tmp5 + tmp6;
+   tmp12 = tmp6 + tmp7;
+
+   // The rotator is modified from fig 4-8 to avoid extra negations.
+   z5 = (tmp10 - tmp12) * 0.382683433f; // c6
+   z2 = tmp10 * 0.541196100f + z5; // c2-c6
+   z4 = tmp12 * 1.306562965f + z5; // c2+c6
+   z3 = tmp11 * 0.707106781f; // c4
+
+   z11 = tmp7 + z3;      // phase 5
+   z13 = tmp7 - z3;
+
+   *d5p = z13 + z2;         // phase 6
+   *d3p = z13 - z2;
+   *d1p = z11 + z4;
+   *d7p = z11 - z4;
+
+   *d0p = d0;  *d2p = d2;  *d4p = d4;  *d6p = d6;
+}
+
+static void stbiw__jpg_calcBits(int val, unsigned short bits[2]) {
+   int tmp1 = val < 0 ? -val : val;
+   val = val < 0 ? val-1 : val;
+   bits[1] = 1;
+   while(tmp1 >>= 1) {
+      ++bits[1];
+   }
+   bits[0] = val & ((1<<bits[1])-1);
+}
+
+static int stbiw__jpg_processDU(stbi__write_context *s, int *bitBuf, int *bitCnt, float *CDU, int du_stride, float *fdtbl, int DC, const unsigned short HTDC[256][2], const unsigned short HTAC[256][2]) {
+   const unsigned short EOB[2] = { HTAC[0x00][0], HTAC[0x00][1] };
+   const unsigned short M16zeroes[2] = { HTAC[0xF0][0], HTAC[0xF0][1] };
+   int dataOff, i, j, n, diff, end0pos, x, y;
+   int DU[64];
+
+   // DCT rows
+   for(dataOff=0, n=du_stride*8; dataOff<n; dataOff+=du_stride) {
+      stbiw__jpg_DCT(&CDU[dataOff], &CDU[dataOff+1], &CDU[dataOff+2], &CDU[dataOff+3], &CDU[dataOff+4], &CDU[dataOff+5], &CDU[dataOff+6], &CDU[dataOff+7]);
+   }
+   // DCT columns
+   for(dataOff=0; dataOff<8; ++dataOff) {
+      stbiw__jpg_DCT(&CDU[dataOff], &CDU[dataOff+du_stride], &CDU[dataOff+du_stride*2], &CDU[dataOff+du_stride*3], &CDU[dataOff+du_stride*4],
+                     &CDU[dataOff+du_stride*5], &CDU[dataOff+du_stride*6], &CDU[dataOff+du_stride*7]);
+   }
+   // Quantize/descale/zigzag the coefficients
+   for(y = 0, j=0; y < 8; ++y) {
+      for(x = 0; x < 8; ++x,++j) {
+         float v;
+         i = y*du_stride+x;
+         v = CDU[i]*fdtbl[j];
+         // DU[stbiw__jpg_ZigZag[j]] = (int)(v < 0 ? ceilf(v - 0.5f) : floorf(v + 0.5f));
+         // ceilf() and floorf() are C99, not C89, but I /think/ they're not needed here anyway?
+         DU[stbiw__jpg_ZigZag[j]] = (int)(v < 0 ? v - 0.5f : v + 0.5f);
+      }
+   }
+
+   // Encode DC
+   diff = DU[0] - DC;
+   if (diff == 0) {
+      stbiw__jpg_writeBits(s, bitBuf, bitCnt, HTDC[0]);
+   } else {
+      unsigned short bits[2];
+      stbiw__jpg_calcBits(diff, bits);
+      stbiw__jpg_writeBits(s, bitBuf, bitCnt, HTDC[bits[1]]);
+      stbiw__jpg_writeBits(s, bitBuf, bitCnt, bits);
+   }
+   // Encode ACs
+   end0pos = 63;
+   for(; (end0pos>0)&&(DU[end0pos]==0); --end0pos) {
+   }
+   // end0pos = first element in reverse order !=0
+   if(end0pos == 0) {
+      stbiw__jpg_writeBits(s, bitBuf, bitCnt, EOB);
+      return DU[0];
+   }
+   for(i = 1; i <= end0pos; ++i) {
+      int startpos = i;
+      int nrzeroes;
+      unsigned short bits[2];
+      for (; DU[i]==0 && i<=end0pos; ++i) {
+      }
+      nrzeroes = i-startpos;
+      if ( nrzeroes >= 16 ) {
+         int lng = nrzeroes>>4;
+         int nrmarker;
+         for (nrmarker=1; nrmarker <= lng; ++nrmarker)
+            stbiw__jpg_writeBits(s, bitBuf, bitCnt, M16zeroes);
+         nrzeroes &= 15;
+      }
+      stbiw__jpg_calcBits(DU[i], bits);
+      stbiw__jpg_writeBits(s, bitBuf, bitCnt, HTAC[(nrzeroes<<4)+bits[1]]);
+      stbiw__jpg_writeBits(s, bitBuf, bitCnt, bits);
+   }
+   if(end0pos != 63) {
+      stbiw__jpg_writeBits(s, bitBuf, bitCnt, EOB);
+   }
+   return DU[0];
+}
+
+static int stbi_write_jpg_core(stbi__write_context *s, int width, int height, int comp, const void* data, int quality) {
+   // Constants that don't pollute global namespace
+   static const unsigned char std_dc_luminance_nrcodes[] = {0,0,1,5,1,1,1,1,1,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0};
+   static const unsigned char std_dc_luminance_values[] = {0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11};
+   static const unsigned char std_ac_luminance_nrcodes[] = {0,0,2,1,3,3,2,4,3,5,5,4,4,0,0,1,0x7d};
+   static const unsigned char std_ac_luminance_values[] = {
+      0x01,0x02,0x03,0x00,0x04,0x11,0x05,0x12,0x21,0x31,0x41,0x06,0x13,0x51,0x61,0x07,0x22,0x71,0x14,0x32,0x81,0x91,0xa1,0x08,
+      0x23,0x42,0xb1,0xc1,0x15,0x52,0xd1,0xf0,0x24,0x33,0x62,0x72,0x82,0x09,0x0a,0x16,0x17,0x18,0x19,0x1a,0x25,0x26,0x27,0x28,
+      0x29,0x2a,0x34,0x35,0x36,0x37,0x38,0x39,0x3a,0x43,0x44,0x45,0x46,0x47,0x48,0x49,0x4a,0x53,0x54,0x55,0x56,0x57,0x58,0x59,
+      0x5a,0x63,0x64,0x65,0x66,0x67,0x68,0x69,0x6a,0x73,0x74,0x75,0x76,0x77,0x78,0x79,0x7a,0x83,0x84,0x85,0x86,0x87,0x88,0x89,
+      0x8a,0x92,0x93,0x94,0x95,0x96,0x97,0x98,0x99,0x9a,0xa2,0xa3,0xa4,0xa5,0xa6,0xa7,0xa8,0xa9,0xaa,0xb2,0xb3,0xb4,0xb5,0xb6,
+      0xb7,0xb8,0xb9,0xba,0xc2,0xc3,0xc4,0xc5,0xc6,0xc7,0xc8,0xc9,0xca,0xd2,0xd3,0xd4,0xd5,0xd6,0xd7,0xd8,0xd9,0xda,0xe1,0xe2,
+      0xe3,0xe4,0xe5,0xe6,0xe7,0xe8,0xe9,0xea,0xf1,0xf2,0xf3,0xf4,0xf5,0xf6,0xf7,0xf8,0xf9,0xfa
+   };
+   static const unsigned char std_dc_chrominance_nrcodes[] = {0,0,3,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,0,0,0,0,0};
+   static const unsigned char std_dc_chrominance_values[] = {0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11};
+   static const unsigned char std_ac_chrominance_nrcodes[] = {0,0,2,1,2,4,4,3,4,7,5,4,4,0,1,2,0x77};
+   static const unsigned char std_ac_chrominance_values[] = {
+      0x00,0x01,0x02,0x03,0x11,0x04,0x05,0x21,0x31,0x06,0x12,0x41,0x51,0x07,0x61,0x71,0x13,0x22,0x32,0x81,0x08,0x14,0x42,0x91,
+      0xa1,0xb1,0xc1,0x09,0x23,0x33,0x52,0xf0,0x15,0x62,0x72,0xd1,0x0a,0x16,0x24,0x34,0xe1,0x25,0xf1,0x17,0x18,0x19,0x1a,0x26,
+      0x27,0x28,0x29,0x2a,0x35,0x36,0x37,0x38,0x39,0x3a,0x43,0x44,0x45,0x46,0x47,0x48,0x49,0x4a,0x53,0x54,0x55,0x56,0x57,0x58,
+      0x59,0x5a,0x63,0x64,0x65,0x66,0x67,0x68,0x69,0x6a,0x73,0x74,0x75,0x76,0x77,0x78,0x79,0x7a,0x82,0x83,0x84,0x85,0x86,0x87,
+      0x88,0x89,0x8a,0x92,0x93,0x94,0x95,0x96,0x97,0x98,0x99,0x9a,0xa2,0xa3,0xa4,0xa5,0xa6,0xa7,0xa8,0xa9,0xaa,0xb2,0xb3,0xb4,
+      0xb5,0xb6,0xb7,0xb8,0xb9,0xba,0xc2,0xc3,0xc4,0xc5,0xc6,0xc7,0xc8,0xc9,0xca,0xd2,0xd3,0xd4,0xd5,0xd6,0xd7,0xd8,0xd9,0xda,
+      0xe2,0xe3,0xe4,0xe5,0xe6,0xe7,0xe8,0xe9,0xea,0xf2,0xf3,0xf4,0xf5,0xf6,0xf7,0xf8,0xf9,0xfa
+   };
+   // Huffman tables
+   static const unsigned short YDC_HT[256][2] = { {0,2},{2,3},{3,3},{4,3},{5,3},{6,3},{14,4},{30,5},{62,6},{126,7},{254,8},{510,9}};
+   static const unsigned short UVDC_HT[256][2] = { {0,2},{1,2},{2,2},{6,3},{14,4},{30,5},{62,6},{126,7},{254,8},{510,9},{1022,10},{2046,11}};
+   static const unsigned short YAC_HT[256][2] = {
+      {10,4},{0,2},{1,2},{4,3},{11,4},{26,5},{120,7},{248,8},{1014,10},{65410,16},{65411,16},{0,0},{0,0},{0,0},{0,0},{0,0},{0,0},
+      {12,4},{27,5},{121,7},{502,9},{2038,11},{65412,16},{65413,16},{65414,16},{65415,16},{65416,16},{0,0},{0,0},{0,0},{0,0},{0,0},{0,0},
+      {28,5},{249,8},{1015,10},{4084,12},{65417,16},{65418,16},{65419,16},{65420,16},{65421,16},{65422,16},{0,0},{0,0},{0,0},{0,0},{0,0},{0,0},
+      {58,6},{503,9},{4085,12},{65423,16},{65424,16},{65425,16},{65426,16},{65427,16},{65428,16},{65429,16},{0,0},{0,0},{0,0},{0,0},{0,0},{0,0},
+      {59,6},{1016,10},{65430,16},{65431,16},{65432,16},{65433,16},{65434,16},{65435,16},{65436,16},{65437,16},{0,0},{0,0},{0,0},{0,0},{0,0},{0,0},
+      {122,7},{2039,11},{65438,16},{65439,16},{65440,16},{65441,16},{65442,16},{65443,16},{65444,16},{65445,16},{0,0},{0,0},{0,0},{0,0},{0,0},{0,0},
+      {123,7},{4086,12},{65446,16},{65447,16},{65448,16},{65449,16},{65450,16},{65451,16},{65452,16},{65453,16},{0,0},{0,0},{0,0},{0,0},{0,0},{0,0},
+      {250,8},{4087,12},{65454,16},{65455,16},{65456,16},{65457,16},{65458,16},{65459,16},{65460,16},{65461,16},{0,0},{0,0},{0,0},{0,0},{0,0},{0,0},
+      {504,9},{32704,15},{65462,16},{65463,16},{65464,16},{65465,16},{65466,16},{65467,16},{65468,16},{65469,16},{0,0},{0,0},{0,0},{0,0},{0,0},{0,0},
+      {505,9},{65470,16},{65471,16},{65472,16},{65473,16},{65474,16},{65475,16},{65476,16},{65477,16},{65478,16},{0,0},{0,0},{0,0},{0,0},{0,0},{0,0},
+      {506,9},{65479,16},{65480,16},{65481,16},{65482,16},{65483,16},{65484,16},{65485,16},{65486,16},{65487,16},{0,0},{0,0},{0,0},{0,0},{0,0},{0,0},
+      {1017,10},{65488,16},{65489,16},{65490,16},{65491,16},{65492,16},{65493,16},{65494,16},{65495,16},{65496,16},{0,0},{0,0},{0,0},{0,0},{0,0},{0,0},
+      {1018,10},{65497,16},{65498,16},{65499,16},{65500,16},{65501,16},{65502,16},{65503,16},{65504,16},{65505,16},{0,0},{0,0},{0,0},{0,0},{0,0},{0,0},
+      {2040,11},{65506,16},{65507,16},{65508,16},{65509,16},{65510,16},{65511,16},{65512,16},{65513,16},{65514,16},{0,0},{0,0},{0,0},{0,0},{0,0},{0,0},
+      {65515,16},{65516,16},{65517,16},{65518,16},{65519,16},{65520,16},{65521,16},{65522,16},{65523,16},{65524,16},{0,0},{0,0},{0,0},{0,0},{0,0},
+      {2041,11},{65525,16},{65526,16},{65527,16},{65528,16},{65529,16},{65530,16},{65531,16},{65532,16},{65533,16},{65534,16},{0,0},{0,0},{0,0},{0,0},{0,0}
+   };
+   static const unsigned short UVAC_HT[256][2] = {
+      {0,2},{1,2},{4,3},{10,4},{24,5},{25,5},{56,6},{120,7},{500,9},{1014,10},{4084,12},{0,0},{0,0},{0,0},{0,0},{0,0},{0,0},
+      {11,4},{57,6},{246,8},{501,9},{2038,11},{4085,12},{65416,16},{65417,16},{65418,16},{65419,16},{0,0},{0,0},{0,0},{0,0},{0,0},{0,0},
+      {26,5},{247,8},{1015,10},{4086,12},{32706,15},{65420,16},{65421,16},{65422,16},{65423,16},{65424,16},{0,0},{0,0},{0,0},{0,0},{0,0},{0,0},
+      {27,5},{248,8},{1016,10},{4087,12},{65425,16},{65426,16},{65427,16},{65428,16},{65429,16},{65430,16},{0,0},{0,0},{0,0},{0,0},{0,0},{0,0},
+      {58,6},{502,9},{65431,16},{65432,16},{65433,16},{65434,16},{65435,16},{65436,16},{65437,16},{65438,16},{0,0},{0,0},{0,0},{0,0},{0,0},{0,0},
+      {59,6},{1017,10},{65439,16},{65440,16},{65441,16},{65442,16},{65443,16},{65444,16},{65445,16},{65446,16},{0,0},{0,0},{0,0},{0,0},{0,0},{0,0},
+      {121,7},{2039,11},{65447,16},{65448,16},{65449,16},{65450,16},{65451,16},{65452,16},{65453,16},{65454,16},{0,0},{0,0},{0,0},{0,0},{0,0},{0,0},
+      {122,7},{2040,11},{65455,16},{65456,16},{65457,16},{65458,16},{65459,16},{65460,16},{65461,16},{65462,16},{0,0},{0,0},{0,0},{0,0},{0,0},{0,0},
+      {249,8},{65463,16},{65464,16},{65465,16},{65466,16},{65467,16},{65468,16},{65469,16},{65470,16},{65471,16},{0,0},{0,0},{0,0},{0,0},{0,0},{0,0},
+      {503,9},{65472,16},{65473,16},{65474,16},{65475,16},{65476,16},{65477,16},{65478,16},{65479,16},{65480,16},{0,0},{0,0},{0,0},{0,0},{0,0},{0,0},
+      {504,9},{65481,16},{65482,16},{65483,16},{65484,16},{65485,16},{65486,16},{65487,16},{65488,16},{65489,16},{0,0},{0,0},{0,0},{0,0},{0,0},{0,0},
+      {505,9},{65490,16},{65491,16},{65492,16},{65493,16},{65494,16},{65495,16},{65496,16},{65497,16},{65498,16},{0,0},{0,0},{0,0},{0,0},{0,0},{0,0},
+      {506,9},{65499,16},{65500,16},{65501,16},{65502,16},{65503,16},{65504,16},{65505,16},{65506,16},{65507,16},{0,0},{0,0},{0,0},{0,0},{0,0},{0,0},
+      {2041,11},{65508,16},{65509,16},{65510,16},{65511,16},{65512,16},{65513,16},{65514,16},{65515,16},{65516,16},{0,0},{0,0},{0,0},{0,0},{0,0},{0,0},
+      {16352,14},{65517,16},{65518,16},{65519,16},{65520,16},{65521,16},{65522,16},{65523,16},{65524,16},{65525,16},{0,0},{0,0},{0,0},{0,0},{0,0},
+      {1018,10},{32707,15},{65526,16},{65527,16},{65528,16},{65529,16},{65530,16},{65531,16},{65532,16},{65533,16},{65534,16},{0,0},{0,0},{0,0},{0,0},{0,0}
+   };
+   static const int YQT[] = {16,11,10,16,24,40,51,61,12,12,14,19,26,58,60,55,14,13,16,24,40,57,69,56,14,17,22,29,51,87,80,62,18,22,
+                             37,56,68,109,103,77,24,35,55,64,81,104,113,92,49,64,78,87,103,121,120,101,72,92,95,98,112,100,103,99};
+   static const int UVQT[] = {17,18,24,47,99,99,99,99,18,21,26,66,99,99,99,99,24,26,56,99,99,99,99,99,47,66,99,99,99,99,99,99,
+                              99,99,99,99,99,99,99,99,99,99,99,99,99,99,99,99,99,99,99,99,99,99,99,99,99,99,99,99,99,99,99,99};
+   static const float aasf[] = { 1.0f * 2.828427125f, 1.387039845f * 2.828427125f, 1.306562965f * 2.828427125f, 1.175875602f * 2.828427125f,
+                                 1.0f * 2.828427125f, 0.785694958f * 2.828427125f, 0.541196100f * 2.828427125f, 0.275899379f * 2.828427125f };
+
+   int row, col, i, k, subsample;
+   float fdtbl_Y[64], fdtbl_UV[64];
+   unsigned char YTable[64], UVTable[64];
+
+   if(!data || !width || !height || comp > 4 || comp < 1) {
+      return 0;
+   }
+
+   quality = quality ? quality : 90;
+   subsample = quality <= 90 ? 1 : 0;
+   quality = quality < 1 ? 1 : quality > 100 ? 100 : quality;
+   quality = quality < 50 ? 5000 / quality : 200 - quality * 2;
+
+   for(i = 0; i < 64; ++i) {
+      int uvti, yti = (YQT[i]*quality+50)/100;
+      YTable[stbiw__jpg_ZigZag[i]] = (unsigned char) (yti < 1 ? 1 : yti > 255 ? 255 : yti);
+      uvti = (UVQT[i]*quality+50)/100;
+      UVTable[stbiw__jpg_ZigZag[i]] = (unsigned char) (uvti < 1 ? 1 : uvti > 255 ? 255 : uvti);
+   }
+
+   for(row = 0, k = 0; row < 8; ++row) {
+      for(col = 0; col < 8; ++col, ++k) {
+         fdtbl_Y[k]  = 1 / (YTable [stbiw__jpg_ZigZag[k]] * aasf[row] * aasf[col]);
+         fdtbl_UV[k] = 1 / (UVTable[stbiw__jpg_ZigZag[k]] * aasf[row] * aasf[col]);
+      }
+   }
+
+   // Write Headers
+   {
+      static const unsigned char head0[] = { 0xFF,0xD8,0xFF,0xE0,0,0x10,'J','F','I','F',0,1,1,0,0,1,0,1,0,0,0xFF,0xDB,0,0x84,0 };
+      static const unsigned char head2[] = { 0xFF,0xDA,0,0xC,3,1,0,2,0x11,3,0x11,0,0x3F,0 };
+      const unsigned char head1[] = { 0xFF,0xC0,0,0x11,8,(unsigned char)(height>>8),STBIW_UCHAR(height),(unsigned char)(width>>8),STBIW_UCHAR(width),
+                                      3,1,(unsigned char)(subsample?0x22:0x11),0,2,0x11,1,3,0x11,1,0xFF,0xC4,0x01,0xA2,0 };
+      s->func(s->context, (void*)head0, sizeof(head0));
+      s->func(s->context, (void*)YTable, sizeof(YTable));
+      stbiw__putc(s, 1);
+      s->func(s->context, UVTable, sizeof(UVTable));
+      s->func(s->context, (void*)head1, sizeof(head1));
+      s->func(s->context, (void*)(std_dc_luminance_nrcodes+1), sizeof(std_dc_luminance_nrcodes)-1);
+      s->func(s->context, (void*)std_dc_luminance_values, sizeof(std_dc_luminance_values));
+      stbiw__putc(s, 0x10); // HTYACinfo
+      s->func(s->context, (void*)(std_ac_luminance_nrcodes+1), sizeof(std_ac_luminance_nrcodes)-1);
+      s->func(s->context, (void*)std_ac_luminance_values, sizeof(std_ac_luminance_values));
+      stbiw__putc(s, 1); // HTUDCinfo
+      s->func(s->context, (void*)(std_dc_chrominance_nrcodes+1), sizeof(std_dc_chrominance_nrcodes)-1);
+      s->func(s->context, (void*)std_dc_chrominance_values, sizeof(std_dc_chrominance_values));
+      stbiw__putc(s, 0x11); // HTUACinfo
+      s->func(s->context, (void*)(std_ac_chrominance_nrcodes+1), sizeof(std_ac_chrominance_nrcodes)-1);
+      s->func(s->context, (void*)std_ac_chrominance_values, sizeof(std_ac_chrominance_values));
+      s->func(s->context, (void*)head2, sizeof(head2));
+   }
+
+   // Encode 8x8 macroblocks
+   {
+      static const unsigned short fillBits[] = {0x7F, 7};
+      int DCY=0, DCU=0, DCV=0;
+      int bitBuf=0, bitCnt=0;
+      // comp == 2 is grey+alpha (alpha is ignored)
+      int ofsG = comp > 2 ? 1 : 0, ofsB = comp > 2 ? 2 : 0;
+      const unsigned char *dataR = (const unsigned char *)data;
+      const unsigned char *dataG = dataR + ofsG;
+      const unsigned char *dataB = dataR + ofsB;
+      int x, y, pos;
+      if(subsample) {
+         for(y = 0; y < height; y += 16) {
+            for(x = 0; x < width; x += 16) {
+               float Y[256], U[256], V[256];
+               for(row = y, pos = 0; row < y+16; ++row) {
+                  // row >= height => use last input row
+                  int clamped_row = (row < height) ? row : height - 1;
+                  int base_p = (stbi__flip_vertically_on_write ? (height-1-clamped_row) : clamped_row)*width*comp;
+                  for(col = x; col < x+16; ++col, ++pos) {
+                     // if col >= width => use pixel from last input column
+                     int p = base_p + ((col < width) ? col : (width-1))*comp;
+                     float r = dataR[p], g = dataG[p], b = dataB[p];
+                     Y[pos]= +0.29900f*r + 0.58700f*g + 0.11400f*b - 128;
+                     U[pos]= -0.16874f*r - 0.33126f*g + 0.50000f*b;
+                     V[pos]= +0.50000f*r - 0.41869f*g - 0.08131f*b;
+                  }
+               }
+               DCY = stbiw__jpg_processDU(s, &bitBuf, &bitCnt, Y+0,   16, fdtbl_Y, DCY, YDC_HT, YAC_HT);
+               DCY = stbiw__jpg_processDU(s, &bitBuf, &bitCnt, Y+8,   16, fdtbl_Y, DCY, YDC_HT, YAC_HT);
+               DCY = stbiw__jpg_processDU(s, &bitBuf, &bitCnt, Y+128, 16, fdtbl_Y, DCY, YDC_HT, YAC_HT);
+               DCY = stbiw__jpg_processDU(s, &bitBuf, &bitCnt, Y+136, 16, fdtbl_Y, DCY, YDC_HT, YAC_HT);
+
+               // subsample U,V
+               {
+                  float subU[64], subV[64];
+                  int yy, xx;
+                  for(yy = 0, pos = 0; yy < 8; ++yy) {
+                     for(xx = 0; xx < 8; ++xx, ++pos) {
+                        int j = yy*32+xx*2;
+                        subU[pos] = (U[j+0] + U[j+1] + U[j+16] + U[j+17]) * 0.25f;
+                        subV[pos] = (V[j+0] + V[j+1] + V[j+16] + V[j+17]) * 0.25f;
+                     }
+                  }
+                  DCU = stbiw__jpg_processDU(s, &bitBuf, &bitCnt, subU, 8, fdtbl_UV, DCU, UVDC_HT, UVAC_HT);
+                  DCV = stbiw__jpg_processDU(s, &bitBuf, &bitCnt, subV, 8, fdtbl_UV, DCV, UVDC_HT, UVAC_HT);
+               }
+            }
+         }
+      } else {
+         for(y = 0; y < height; y += 8) {
+            for(x = 0; x < width; x += 8) {
+               float Y[64], U[64], V[64];
+               for(row = y, pos = 0; row < y+8; ++row) {
+                  // row >= height => use last input row
+                  int clamped_row = (row < height) ? row : height - 1;
+                  int base_p = (stbi__flip_vertically_on_write ? (height-1-clamped_row) : clamped_row)*width*comp;
+                  for(col = x; col < x+8; ++col, ++pos) {
+                     // if col >= width => use pixel from last input column
+                     int p = base_p + ((col < width) ? col : (width-1))*comp;
+                     float r = dataR[p], g = dataG[p], b = dataB[p];
+                     Y[pos]= +0.29900f*r + 0.58700f*g + 0.11400f*b - 128;
+                     U[pos]= -0.16874f*r - 0.33126f*g + 0.50000f*b;
+                     V[pos]= +0.50000f*r - 0.41869f*g - 0.08131f*b;
+                  }
+               }
+
+               DCY = stbiw__jpg_processDU(s, &bitBuf, &bitCnt, Y, 8, fdtbl_Y,  DCY, YDC_HT, YAC_HT);
+               DCU = stbiw__jpg_processDU(s, &bitBuf, &bitCnt, U, 8, fdtbl_UV, DCU, UVDC_HT, UVAC_HT);
+               DCV = stbiw__jpg_processDU(s, &bitBuf, &bitCnt, V, 8, fdtbl_UV, DCV, UVDC_HT, UVAC_HT);
+            }
+         }
+      }
+
+      // Do the bit alignment of the EOI marker
+      stbiw__jpg_writeBits(s, &bitBuf, &bitCnt, fillBits);
+   }
+
+   // EOI
+   stbiw__putc(s, 0xFF);
+   stbiw__putc(s, 0xD9);
+
+   return 1;
+}
+
+STBIWDEF int stbi_write_jpg_to_func(stbi_write_func *func, void *context, int x, int y, int comp, const void *data, int quality)
+{
+   stbi__write_context s = { 0 };
+   stbi__start_write_callbacks(&s, func, context);
+   return stbi_write_jpg_core(&s, x, y, comp, (void *) data, quality);
+}
+
+
+#ifndef STBI_WRITE_NO_STDIO
+STBIWDEF int stbi_write_jpg(char const *filename, int x, int y, int comp, const void *data, int quality)
+{
+   stbi__write_context s = { 0 };
+   if (stbi__start_write_file(&s,filename)) {
+      int r = stbi_write_jpg_core(&s, x, y, comp, data, quality);
+      stbi__end_write_file(&s);
+      return r;
+   } else
+      return 0;
+}
+#endif
+
+#endif // STB_IMAGE_WRITE_IMPLEMENTATION
+
+/* Revision history
+      1.16  (2021-07-11)
+             make Deflate code emit uncompressed blocks when it would otherwise expand
+             support writing BMPs with alpha channel
+      1.15  (2020-07-13) unknown
+      1.14  (2020-02-02) updated JPEG writer to downsample chroma channels
+      1.13
+      1.12
+      1.11  (2019-08-11)
+
+      1.10  (2019-02-07)
+             support utf8 filenames in Windows; fix warnings and platform ifdefs
+      1.09  (2018-02-11)
+             fix typo in zlib quality API, improve STB_I_W_STATIC in C++
+      1.08  (2018-01-29)
+             add stbi__flip_vertically_on_write, external zlib, zlib quality, choose PNG filter
+      1.07  (2017-07-24)
+             doc fix
+      1.06 (2017-07-23)
+             writing JPEG (using Jon Olick's code)
+      1.05   ???
+      1.04 (2017-03-03)
+             monochrome BMP expansion
+      1.03   ???
+      1.02 (2016-04-02)
+             avoid allocating large structures on the stack
+      1.01 (2016-01-16)
+             STBIW_REALLOC_SIZED: support allocators with no realloc support
+             avoid race-condition in crc initialization
+             minor compile issues
+      1.00 (2015-09-14)
+             installable file IO function
+      0.99 (2015-09-13)
+             warning fixes; TGA rle support
+      0.98 (2015-04-08)
+             added STBIW_MALLOC, STBIW_ASSERT etc
+      0.97 (2015-01-18)
+             fixed HDR asserts, rewrote HDR rle logic
+      0.96 (2015-01-17)
+             add HDR output
+             fix monochrome BMP
+      0.95 (2014-08-17)
+             add monochrome TGA output
+      0.94 (2014-05-31)
+             rename private functions to avoid conflicts with stb_image.h
+      0.93 (2014-05-27)
+             warning fixes
+      0.92 (2010-08-01)
+             casts to unsigned char to fix warnings
+      0.91 (2010-07-17)
+             first public release
+      0.90   first internal release
+*/
+
+/*
+------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+This software is available under 2 licenses -- choose whichever you prefer.
+------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ALTERNATIVE A - MIT License
+Copyright (c) 2017 Sean Barrett
+Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of
+this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal in
+the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights to
+use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies
+of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do
+so, subject to the following conditions:
+The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
+copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
+SOFTWARE.
+------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ALTERNATIVE B - Public Domain (www.unlicense.org)
+This is free and unencumbered software released into the public domain.
+Anyone is free to copy, modify, publish, use, compile, sell, or distribute this
+software, either in source code form or as a compiled binary, for any purpose,
+commercial or non-commercial, and by any means.
+In jurisdictions that recognize copyright laws, the author or authors of this
+software dedicate any and all copyright interest in the software to the public
+domain. We make this dedication for the benefit of the public at large and to
+the detriment of our heirs and successors. We intend this dedication to be an
+overt act of relinquishment in perpetuity of all present and future rights to
+this software under copyright law.
+THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+AUTHORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN
+ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION
+WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
+------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+*/
diff --git a/fggl/stb/stb_rect_pack.h b/fggl/stb/stb_rect_pack.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6a633ce
--- /dev/null
+++ b/fggl/stb/stb_rect_pack.h
@@ -0,0 +1,623 @@
+// stb_rect_pack.h - v1.01 - public domain - rectangle packing
+// Sean Barrett 2014
+//
+// Useful for e.g. packing rectangular textures into an atlas.
+// Does not do rotation.
+//
+// Before #including,
+//
+//    #define STB_RECT_PACK_IMPLEMENTATION
+//
+// in the file that you want to have the implementation.
+//
+// Not necessarily the awesomest packing method, but better than
+// the totally naive one in stb_truetype (which is primarily what
+// this is meant to replace).
+//
+// Has only had a few tests run, may have issues.
+//
+// More docs to come.
+//
+// No memory allocations; uses qsort() and assert() from stdlib.
+// Can override those by defining STBRP_SORT and STBRP_ASSERT.
+//
+// This library currently uses the Skyline Bottom-Left algorithm.
+//
+// Please note: better rectangle packers are welcome! Please
+// implement them to the same API, but with a different init
+// function.
+//
+// Credits
+//
+//  Library
+//    Sean Barrett
+//  Minor features
+//    Martins Mozeiko
+//    github:IntellectualKitty
+//
+//  Bugfixes / warning fixes
+//    Jeremy Jaussaud
+//    Fabian Giesen
+//
+// Version history:
+//
+//     1.01  (2021-07-11)  always use large rect mode, expose STBRP__MAXVAL in public section
+//     1.00  (2019-02-25)  avoid small space waste; gracefully fail too-wide rectangles
+//     0.99  (2019-02-07)  warning fixes
+//     0.11  (2017-03-03)  return packing success/fail result
+//     0.10  (2016-10-25)  remove cast-away-const to avoid warnings
+//     0.09  (2016-08-27)  fix compiler warnings
+//     0.08  (2015-09-13)  really fix bug with empty rects (w=0 or h=0)
+//     0.07  (2015-09-13)  fix bug with empty rects (w=0 or h=0)
+//     0.06  (2015-04-15)  added STBRP_SORT to allow replacing qsort
+//     0.05:  added STBRP_ASSERT to allow replacing assert
+//     0.04:  fixed minor bug in STBRP_LARGE_RECTS support
+//     0.01:  initial release
+//
+// LICENSE
+//
+//   See end of file for license information.
+
+//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+//
+//       INCLUDE SECTION
+//
+
+#ifndef STB_INCLUDE_STB_RECT_PACK_H
+#define STB_INCLUDE_STB_RECT_PACK_H
+
+#define STB_RECT_PACK_VERSION  1
+
+#ifdef STBRP_STATIC
+#define STBRP_DEF static
+#else
+#define STBRP_DEF extern
+#endif
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+extern "C" {
+#endif
+
+typedef struct stbrp_context stbrp_context;
+typedef struct stbrp_node    stbrp_node;
+typedef struct stbrp_rect    stbrp_rect;
+
+typedef int            stbrp_coord;
+
+#define STBRP__MAXVAL  0x7fffffff
+// Mostly for internal use, but this is the maximum supported coordinate value.
+
+STBRP_DEF int stbrp_pack_rects (stbrp_context *context, stbrp_rect *rects, int num_rects);
+// Assign packed locations to rectangles. The rectangles are of type
+// 'stbrp_rect' defined below, stored in the array 'rects', and there
+// are 'num_rects' many of them.
+//
+// Rectangles which are successfully packed have the 'was_packed' flag
+// set to a non-zero value and 'x' and 'y' store the minimum location
+// on each axis (i.e. bottom-left in cartesian coordinates, top-left
+// if you imagine y increasing downwards). Rectangles which do not fit
+// have the 'was_packed' flag set to 0.
+//
+// You should not try to access the 'rects' array from another thread
+// while this function is running, as the function temporarily reorders
+// the array while it executes.
+//
+// To pack into another rectangle, you need to call stbrp_init_target
+// again. To continue packing into the same rectangle, you can call
+// this function again. Calling this multiple times with multiple rect
+// arrays will probably produce worse packing results than calling it
+// a single time with the full rectangle array, but the option is
+// available.
+//
+// The function returns 1 if all of the rectangles were successfully
+// packed and 0 otherwise.
+
+struct stbrp_rect
+{
+   // reserved for your use:
+   int            id;
+
+   // input:
+   stbrp_coord    w, h;
+
+   // output:
+   stbrp_coord    x, y;
+   int            was_packed;  // non-zero if valid packing
+
+}; // 16 bytes, nominally
+
+
+STBRP_DEF void stbrp_init_target (stbrp_context *context, int width, int height, stbrp_node *nodes, int num_nodes);
+// Initialize a rectangle packer to:
+//    pack a rectangle that is 'width' by 'height' in dimensions
+//    using temporary storage provided by the array 'nodes', which is 'num_nodes' long
+//
+// You must call this function every time you start packing into a new target.
+//
+// There is no "shutdown" function. The 'nodes' memory must stay valid for
+// the following stbrp_pack_rects() call (or calls), but can be freed after
+// the call (or calls) finish.
+//
+// Note: to guarantee best results, either:
+//       1. make sure 'num_nodes' >= 'width'
+//   or  2. call stbrp_allow_out_of_mem() defined below with 'allow_out_of_mem = 1'
+//
+// If you don't do either of the above things, widths will be quantized to multiples
+// of small integers to guarantee the algorithm doesn't run out of temporary storage.
+//
+// If you do #2, then the non-quantized algorithm will be used, but the algorithm
+// may run out of temporary storage and be unable to pack some rectangles.
+
+STBRP_DEF void stbrp_setup_allow_out_of_mem (stbrp_context *context, int allow_out_of_mem);
+// Optionally call this function after init but before doing any packing to
+// change the handling of the out-of-temp-memory scenario, described above.
+// If you call init again, this will be reset to the default (false).
+
+
+STBRP_DEF void stbrp_setup_heuristic (stbrp_context *context, int heuristic);
+// Optionally select which packing heuristic the library should use. Different
+// heuristics will produce better/worse results for different data sets.
+// If you call init again, this will be reset to the default.
+
+enum
+{
+   STBRP_HEURISTIC_Skyline_default=0,
+   STBRP_HEURISTIC_Skyline_BL_sortHeight = STBRP_HEURISTIC_Skyline_default,
+   STBRP_HEURISTIC_Skyline_BF_sortHeight
+};
+
+
+//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+//
+// the details of the following structures don't matter to you, but they must
+// be visible so you can handle the memory allocations for them
+
+struct stbrp_node
+{
+   stbrp_coord  x,y;
+   stbrp_node  *next;
+};
+
+struct stbrp_context
+{
+   int width;
+   int height;
+   int align;
+   int init_mode;
+   int heuristic;
+   int num_nodes;
+   stbrp_node *active_head;
+   stbrp_node *free_head;
+   stbrp_node extra[2]; // we allocate two extra nodes so optimal user-node-count is 'width' not 'width+2'
+};
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+}
+#endif
+
+#endif
+
+//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+//
+//     IMPLEMENTATION SECTION
+//
+
+#ifdef STB_RECT_PACK_IMPLEMENTATION
+#ifndef STBRP_SORT
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#define STBRP_SORT qsort
+#endif
+
+#ifndef STBRP_ASSERT
+#include <assert.h>
+#define STBRP_ASSERT assert
+#endif
+
+#ifdef _MSC_VER
+#define STBRP__NOTUSED(v)  (void)(v)
+#define STBRP__CDECL       __cdecl
+#else
+#define STBRP__NOTUSED(v)  (void)sizeof(v)
+#define STBRP__CDECL
+#endif
+
+enum
+{
+   STBRP__INIT_skyline = 1
+};
+
+STBRP_DEF void stbrp_setup_heuristic(stbrp_context *context, int heuristic)
+{
+   switch (context->init_mode) {
+      case STBRP__INIT_skyline:
+         STBRP_ASSERT(heuristic == STBRP_HEURISTIC_Skyline_BL_sortHeight || heuristic == STBRP_HEURISTIC_Skyline_BF_sortHeight);
+         context->heuristic = heuristic;
+         break;
+      default:
+         STBRP_ASSERT(0);
+   }
+}
+
+STBRP_DEF void stbrp_setup_allow_out_of_mem(stbrp_context *context, int allow_out_of_mem)
+{
+   if (allow_out_of_mem)
+      // if it's ok to run out of memory, then don't bother aligning them;
+      // this gives better packing, but may fail due to OOM (even though
+      // the rectangles easily fit). @TODO a smarter approach would be to only
+      // quantize once we've hit OOM, then we could get rid of this parameter.
+      context->align = 1;
+   else {
+      // if it's not ok to run out of memory, then quantize the widths
+      // so that num_nodes is always enough nodes.
+      //
+      // I.e. num_nodes * align >= width
+      //                  align >= width / num_nodes
+      //                  align = ceil(width/num_nodes)
+
+      context->align = (context->width + context->num_nodes-1) / context->num_nodes;
+   }
+}
+
+STBRP_DEF void stbrp_init_target(stbrp_context *context, int width, int height, stbrp_node *nodes, int num_nodes)
+{
+   int i;
+
+   for (i=0; i < num_nodes-1; ++i)
+      nodes[i].next = &nodes[i+1];
+   nodes[i].next = NULL;
+   context->init_mode = STBRP__INIT_skyline;
+   context->heuristic = STBRP_HEURISTIC_Skyline_default;
+   context->free_head = &nodes[0];
+   context->active_head = &context->extra[0];
+   context->width = width;
+   context->height = height;
+   context->num_nodes = num_nodes;
+   stbrp_setup_allow_out_of_mem(context, 0);
+
+   // node 0 is the full width, node 1 is the sentinel (lets us not store width explicitly)
+   context->extra[0].x = 0;
+   context->extra[0].y = 0;
+   context->extra[0].next = &context->extra[1];
+   context->extra[1].x = (stbrp_coord) width;
+   context->extra[1].y = (1<<30);
+   context->extra[1].next = NULL;
+}
+
+// find minimum y position if it starts at x1
+static int stbrp__skyline_find_min_y(stbrp_context *c, stbrp_node *first, int x0, int width, int *pwaste)
+{
+   stbrp_node *node = first;
+   int x1 = x0 + width;
+   int min_y, visited_width, waste_area;
+
+   STBRP__NOTUSED(c);
+
+   STBRP_ASSERT(first->x <= x0);
+
+   #if 0
+   // skip in case we're past the node
+   while (node->next->x <= x0)
+      ++node;
+   #else
+   STBRP_ASSERT(node->next->x > x0); // we ended up handling this in the caller for efficiency
+   #endif
+
+   STBRP_ASSERT(node->x <= x0);
+
+   min_y = 0;
+   waste_area = 0;
+   visited_width = 0;
+   while (node->x < x1) {
+      if (node->y > min_y) {
+         // raise min_y higher.
+         // we've accounted for all waste up to min_y,
+         // but we'll now add more waste for everything we've visted
+         waste_area += visited_width * (node->y - min_y);
+         min_y = node->y;
+         // the first time through, visited_width might be reduced
+         if (node->x < x0)
+            visited_width += node->next->x - x0;
+         else
+            visited_width += node->next->x - node->x;
+      } else {
+         // add waste area
+         int under_width = node->next->x - node->x;
+         if (under_width + visited_width > width)
+            under_width = width - visited_width;
+         waste_area += under_width * (min_y - node->y);
+         visited_width += under_width;
+      }
+      node = node->next;
+   }
+
+   *pwaste = waste_area;
+   return min_y;
+}
+
+typedef struct
+{
+   int x,y;
+   stbrp_node **prev_link;
+} stbrp__findresult;
+
+static stbrp__findresult stbrp__skyline_find_best_pos(stbrp_context *c, int width, int height)
+{
+   int best_waste = (1<<30), best_x, best_y = (1 << 30);
+   stbrp__findresult fr;
+   stbrp_node **prev, *node, *tail, **best = NULL;
+
+   // align to multiple of c->align
+   width = (width + c->align - 1);
+   width -= width % c->align;
+   STBRP_ASSERT(width % c->align == 0);
+
+   // if it can't possibly fit, bail immediately
+   if (width > c->width || height > c->height) {
+      fr.prev_link = NULL;
+      fr.x = fr.y = 0;
+      return fr;
+   }
+
+   node = c->active_head;
+   prev = &c->active_head;
+   while (node->x + width <= c->width) {
+      int y,waste;
+      y = stbrp__skyline_find_min_y(c, node, node->x, width, &waste);
+      if (c->heuristic == STBRP_HEURISTIC_Skyline_BL_sortHeight) { // actually just want to test BL
+         // bottom left
+         if (y < best_y) {
+            best_y = y;
+            best = prev;
+         }
+      } else {
+         // best-fit
+         if (y + height <= c->height) {
+            // can only use it if it first vertically
+            if (y < best_y || (y == best_y && waste < best_waste)) {
+               best_y = y;
+               best_waste = waste;
+               best = prev;
+            }
+         }
+      }
+      prev = &node->next;
+      node = node->next;
+   }
+
+   best_x = (best == NULL) ? 0 : (*best)->x;
+
+   // if doing best-fit (BF), we also have to try aligning right edge to each node position
+   //
+   // e.g, if fitting
+   //
+   //     ____________________
+   //    |____________________|
+   //
+   //            into
+   //
+   //   |                         |
+   //   |             ____________|
+   //   |____________|
+   //
+   // then right-aligned reduces waste, but bottom-left BL is always chooses left-aligned
+   //
+   // This makes BF take about 2x the time
+
+   if (c->heuristic == STBRP_HEURISTIC_Skyline_BF_sortHeight) {
+      tail = c->active_head;
+      node = c->active_head;
+      prev = &c->active_head;
+      // find first node that's admissible
+      while (tail->x < width)
+         tail = tail->next;
+      while (tail) {
+         int xpos = tail->x - width;
+         int y,waste;
+         STBRP_ASSERT(xpos >= 0);
+         // find the left position that matches this
+         while (node->next->x <= xpos) {
+            prev = &node->next;
+            node = node->next;
+         }
+         STBRP_ASSERT(node->next->x > xpos && node->x <= xpos);
+         y = stbrp__skyline_find_min_y(c, node, xpos, width, &waste);
+         if (y + height <= c->height) {
+            if (y <= best_y) {
+               if (y < best_y || waste < best_waste || (waste==best_waste && xpos < best_x)) {
+                  best_x = xpos;
+                  STBRP_ASSERT(y <= best_y);
+                  best_y = y;
+                  best_waste = waste;
+                  best = prev;
+               }
+            }
+         }
+         tail = tail->next;
+      }
+   }
+
+   fr.prev_link = best;
+   fr.x = best_x;
+   fr.y = best_y;
+   return fr;
+}
+
+static stbrp__findresult stbrp__skyline_pack_rectangle(stbrp_context *context, int width, int height)
+{
+   // find best position according to heuristic
+   stbrp__findresult res = stbrp__skyline_find_best_pos(context, width, height);
+   stbrp_node *node, *cur;
+
+   // bail if:
+   //    1. it failed
+   //    2. the best node doesn't fit (we don't always check this)
+   //    3. we're out of memory
+   if (res.prev_link == NULL || res.y + height > context->height || context->free_head == NULL) {
+      res.prev_link = NULL;
+      return res;
+   }
+
+   // on success, create new node
+   node = context->free_head;
+   node->x = (stbrp_coord) res.x;
+   node->y = (stbrp_coord) (res.y + height);
+
+   context->free_head = node->next;
+
+   // insert the new node into the right starting point, and
+   // let 'cur' point to the remaining nodes needing to be
+   // stiched back in
+
+   cur = *res.prev_link;
+   if (cur->x < res.x) {
+      // preserve the existing one, so start testing with the next one
+      stbrp_node *next = cur->next;
+      cur->next = node;
+      cur = next;
+   } else {
+      *res.prev_link = node;
+   }
+
+   // from here, traverse cur and free the nodes, until we get to one
+   // that shouldn't be freed
+   while (cur->next && cur->next->x <= res.x + width) {
+      stbrp_node *next = cur->next;
+      // move the current node to the free list
+      cur->next = context->free_head;
+      context->free_head = cur;
+      cur = next;
+   }
+
+   // stitch the list back in
+   node->next = cur;
+
+   if (cur->x < res.x + width)
+      cur->x = (stbrp_coord) (res.x + width);
+
+#ifdef _DEBUG
+   cur = context->active_head;
+   while (cur->x < context->width) {
+      STBRP_ASSERT(cur->x < cur->next->x);
+      cur = cur->next;
+   }
+   STBRP_ASSERT(cur->next == NULL);
+
+   {
+      int count=0;
+      cur = context->active_head;
+      while (cur) {
+         cur = cur->next;
+         ++count;
+      }
+      cur = context->free_head;
+      while (cur) {
+         cur = cur->next;
+         ++count;
+      }
+      STBRP_ASSERT(count == context->num_nodes+2);
+   }
+#endif
+
+   return res;
+}
+
+static int STBRP__CDECL rect_height_compare(const void *a, const void *b)
+{
+   const stbrp_rect *p = (const stbrp_rect *) a;
+   const stbrp_rect *q = (const stbrp_rect *) b;
+   if (p->h > q->h)
+      return -1;
+   if (p->h < q->h)
+      return  1;
+   return (p->w > q->w) ? -1 : (p->w < q->w);
+}
+
+static int STBRP__CDECL rect_original_order(const void *a, const void *b)
+{
+   const stbrp_rect *p = (const stbrp_rect *) a;
+   const stbrp_rect *q = (const stbrp_rect *) b;
+   return (p->was_packed < q->was_packed) ? -1 : (p->was_packed > q->was_packed);
+}
+
+STBRP_DEF int stbrp_pack_rects(stbrp_context *context, stbrp_rect *rects, int num_rects)
+{
+   int i, all_rects_packed = 1;
+
+   // we use the 'was_packed' field internally to allow sorting/unsorting
+   for (i=0; i < num_rects; ++i) {
+      rects[i].was_packed = i;
+   }
+
+   // sort according to heuristic
+   STBRP_SORT(rects, num_rects, sizeof(rects[0]), rect_height_compare);
+
+   for (i=0; i < num_rects; ++i) {
+      if (rects[i].w == 0 || rects[i].h == 0) {
+         rects[i].x = rects[i].y = 0;  // empty rect needs no space
+      } else {
+         stbrp__findresult fr = stbrp__skyline_pack_rectangle(context, rects[i].w, rects[i].h);
+         if (fr.prev_link) {
+            rects[i].x = (stbrp_coord) fr.x;
+            rects[i].y = (stbrp_coord) fr.y;
+         } else {
+            rects[i].x = rects[i].y = STBRP__MAXVAL;
+         }
+      }
+   }
+
+   // unsort
+   STBRP_SORT(rects, num_rects, sizeof(rects[0]), rect_original_order);
+
+   // set was_packed flags and all_rects_packed status
+   for (i=0; i < num_rects; ++i) {
+      rects[i].was_packed = !(rects[i].x == STBRP__MAXVAL && rects[i].y == STBRP__MAXVAL);
+      if (!rects[i].was_packed)
+         all_rects_packed = 0;
+   }
+
+   // return the all_rects_packed status
+   return all_rects_packed;
+}
+#endif
+
+/*
+------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+This software is available under 2 licenses -- choose whichever you prefer.
+------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ALTERNATIVE A - MIT License
+Copyright (c) 2017 Sean Barrett
+Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of
+this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal in
+the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights to
+use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies
+of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do
+so, subject to the following conditions:
+The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
+copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
+SOFTWARE.
+------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ALTERNATIVE B - Public Domain (www.unlicense.org)
+This is free and unencumbered software released into the public domain.
+Anyone is free to copy, modify, publish, use, compile, sell, or distribute this
+software, either in source code form or as a compiled binary, for any purpose,
+commercial or non-commercial, and by any means.
+In jurisdictions that recognize copyright laws, the author or authors of this
+software dedicate any and all copyright interest in the software to the public
+domain. We make this dedication for the benefit of the public at large and to
+the detriment of our heirs and successors. We intend this dedication to be an
+overt act of relinquishment in perpetuity of all present and future rights to
+this software under copyright law.
+THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+AUTHORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN
+ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION
+WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
+------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+*/
diff --git a/fggl/stb/stb_textedit.h b/fggl/stb/stb_textedit.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1442493
--- /dev/null
+++ b/fggl/stb/stb_textedit.h
@@ -0,0 +1,1429 @@
+// stb_textedit.h - v1.14  - public domain - Sean Barrett
+// Development of this library was sponsored by RAD Game Tools
+//
+// This C header file implements the guts of a multi-line text-editing
+// widget; you implement display, word-wrapping, and low-level string
+// insertion/deletion, and stb_textedit will map user inputs into
+// insertions & deletions, plus updates to the cursor position,
+// selection state, and undo state.
+//
+// It is intended for use in games and other systems that need to build
+// their own custom widgets and which do not have heavy text-editing
+// requirements (this library is not recommended for use for editing large
+// texts, as its performance does not scale and it has limited undo).
+//
+// Non-trivial behaviors are modelled after Windows text controls.
+//
+//
+// LICENSE
+//
+// See end of file for license information.
+//
+//
+// DEPENDENCIES
+//
+// Uses the C runtime function 'memmove', which you can override
+// by defining STB_TEXTEDIT_memmove before the implementation.
+// Uses no other functions. Performs no runtime allocations.
+//
+//
+// VERSION HISTORY
+//
+//   1.14 (2021-07-11) page up/down, various fixes
+//   1.13 (2019-02-07) fix bug in undo size management
+//   1.12 (2018-01-29) user can change STB_TEXTEDIT_KEYTYPE, fix redo to avoid crash
+//   1.11 (2017-03-03) fix HOME on last line, dragging off single-line textfield
+//   1.10 (2016-10-25) supress warnings about casting away const with -Wcast-qual
+//   1.9  (2016-08-27) customizable move-by-word
+//   1.8  (2016-04-02) better keyboard handling when mouse button is down
+//   1.7  (2015-09-13) change y range handling in case baseline is non-0
+//   1.6  (2015-04-15) allow STB_TEXTEDIT_memmove
+//   1.5  (2014-09-10) add support for secondary keys for OS X
+//   1.4  (2014-08-17) fix signed/unsigned warnings
+//   1.3  (2014-06-19) fix mouse clicking to round to nearest char boundary
+//   1.2  (2014-05-27) fix some RAD types that had crept into the new code
+//   1.1  (2013-12-15) move-by-word (requires STB_TEXTEDIT_IS_SPACE )
+//   1.0  (2012-07-26) improve documentation, initial public release
+//   0.3  (2012-02-24) bugfixes, single-line mode; insert mode
+//   0.2  (2011-11-28) fixes to undo/redo
+//   0.1  (2010-07-08) initial version
+//
+// ADDITIONAL CONTRIBUTORS
+//
+//   Ulf Winklemann: move-by-word in 1.1
+//   Fabian Giesen: secondary key inputs in 1.5
+//   Martins Mozeiko: STB_TEXTEDIT_memmove in 1.6
+//   Louis Schnellbach: page up/down in 1.14
+//
+//   Bugfixes:
+//      Scott Graham
+//      Daniel Keller
+//      Omar Cornut
+//      Dan Thompson
+//
+// USAGE
+//
+// This file behaves differently depending on what symbols you define
+// before including it.
+//
+//
+// Header-file mode:
+//
+//   If you do not define STB_TEXTEDIT_IMPLEMENTATION before including this,
+//   it will operate in "header file" mode. In this mode, it declares a
+//   single public symbol, STB_TexteditState, which encapsulates the current
+//   state of a text widget (except for the string, which you will store
+//   separately).
+//
+//   To compile in this mode, you must define STB_TEXTEDIT_CHARTYPE to a
+//   primitive type that defines a single character (e.g. char, wchar_t, etc).
+//
+//   To save space or increase undo-ability, you can optionally define the
+//   following things that are used by the undo system:
+//
+//      STB_TEXTEDIT_POSITIONTYPE         small int type encoding a valid cursor position
+//      STB_TEXTEDIT_UNDOSTATECOUNT       the number of undo states to allow
+//      STB_TEXTEDIT_UNDOCHARCOUNT        the number of characters to store in the undo buffer
+//
+//   If you don't define these, they are set to permissive types and
+//   moderate sizes. The undo system does no memory allocations, so
+//   it grows STB_TexteditState by the worst-case storage which is (in bytes):
+//
+//        [4 + 3 * sizeof(STB_TEXTEDIT_POSITIONTYPE)] * STB_TEXTEDIT_UNDOSTATECOUNT
+//      +          sizeof(STB_TEXTEDIT_CHARTYPE)      * STB_TEXTEDIT_UNDOCHARCOUNT
+//
+//
+// Implementation mode:
+//
+//   If you define STB_TEXTEDIT_IMPLEMENTATION before including this, it
+//   will compile the implementation of the text edit widget, depending
+//   on a large number of symbols which must be defined before the include.
+//
+//   The implementation is defined only as static functions. You will then
+//   need to provide your own APIs in the same file which will access the
+//   static functions.
+//
+//   The basic concept is that you provide a "string" object which
+//   behaves like an array of characters. stb_textedit uses indices to
+//   refer to positions in the string, implicitly representing positions
+//   in the displayed textedit. This is true for both plain text and
+//   rich text; even with rich text stb_truetype interacts with your
+//   code as if there was an array of all the displayed characters.
+//
+// Symbols that must be the same in header-file and implementation mode:
+//
+//     STB_TEXTEDIT_CHARTYPE             the character type
+//     STB_TEXTEDIT_POSITIONTYPE         small type that is a valid cursor position
+//     STB_TEXTEDIT_UNDOSTATECOUNT       the number of undo states to allow
+//     STB_TEXTEDIT_UNDOCHARCOUNT        the number of characters to store in the undo buffer
+//
+// Symbols you must define for implementation mode:
+//
+//    STB_TEXTEDIT_STRING               the type of object representing a string being edited,
+//                                      typically this is a wrapper object with other data you need
+//
+//    STB_TEXTEDIT_STRINGLEN(obj)       the length of the string (ideally O(1))
+//    STB_TEXTEDIT_LAYOUTROW(&r,obj,n)  returns the results of laying out a line of characters
+//                                        starting from character #n (see discussion below)
+//    STB_TEXTEDIT_GETWIDTH(obj,n,i)    returns the pixel delta from the xpos of the i'th character
+//                                        to the xpos of the i+1'th char for a line of characters
+//                                        starting at character #n (i.e. accounts for kerning
+//                                        with previous char)
+//    STB_TEXTEDIT_KEYTOTEXT(k)         maps a keyboard input to an insertable character
+//                                        (return type is int, -1 means not valid to insert)
+//    STB_TEXTEDIT_GETCHAR(obj,i)       returns the i'th character of obj, 0-based
+//    STB_TEXTEDIT_NEWLINE              the character returned by _GETCHAR() we recognize
+//                                        as manually wordwrapping for end-of-line positioning
+//
+//    STB_TEXTEDIT_DELETECHARS(obj,i,n)      delete n characters starting at i
+//    STB_TEXTEDIT_INSERTCHARS(obj,i,c*,n)   insert n characters at i (pointed to by STB_TEXTEDIT_CHARTYPE*)
+//
+//    STB_TEXTEDIT_K_SHIFT       a power of two that is or'd in to a keyboard input to represent the shift key
+//
+//    STB_TEXTEDIT_K_LEFT        keyboard input to move cursor left
+//    STB_TEXTEDIT_K_RIGHT       keyboard input to move cursor right
+//    STB_TEXTEDIT_K_UP          keyboard input to move cursor up
+//    STB_TEXTEDIT_K_DOWN        keyboard input to move cursor down
+//    STB_TEXTEDIT_K_PGUP        keyboard input to move cursor up a page
+//    STB_TEXTEDIT_K_PGDOWN      keyboard input to move cursor down a page
+//    STB_TEXTEDIT_K_LINESTART   keyboard input to move cursor to start of line  // e.g. HOME
+//    STB_TEXTEDIT_K_LINEEND     keyboard input to move cursor to end of line    // e.g. END
+//    STB_TEXTEDIT_K_TEXTSTART   keyboard input to move cursor to start of text  // e.g. ctrl-HOME
+//    STB_TEXTEDIT_K_TEXTEND     keyboard input to move cursor to end of text    // e.g. ctrl-END
+//    STB_TEXTEDIT_K_DELETE      keyboard input to delete selection or character under cursor
+//    STB_TEXTEDIT_K_BACKSPACE   keyboard input to delete selection or character left of cursor
+//    STB_TEXTEDIT_K_UNDO        keyboard input to perform undo
+//    STB_TEXTEDIT_K_REDO        keyboard input to perform redo
+//
+// Optional:
+//    STB_TEXTEDIT_K_INSERT              keyboard input to toggle insert mode
+//    STB_TEXTEDIT_IS_SPACE(ch)          true if character is whitespace (e.g. 'isspace'),
+//                                          required for default WORDLEFT/WORDRIGHT handlers
+//    STB_TEXTEDIT_MOVEWORDLEFT(obj,i)   custom handler for WORDLEFT, returns index to move cursor to
+//    STB_TEXTEDIT_MOVEWORDRIGHT(obj,i)  custom handler for WORDRIGHT, returns index to move cursor to
+//    STB_TEXTEDIT_K_WORDLEFT            keyboard input to move cursor left one word // e.g. ctrl-LEFT
+//    STB_TEXTEDIT_K_WORDRIGHT           keyboard input to move cursor right one word // e.g. ctrl-RIGHT
+//    STB_TEXTEDIT_K_LINESTART2          secondary keyboard input to move cursor to start of line
+//    STB_TEXTEDIT_K_LINEEND2            secondary keyboard input to move cursor to end of line
+//    STB_TEXTEDIT_K_TEXTSTART2          secondary keyboard input to move cursor to start of text
+//    STB_TEXTEDIT_K_TEXTEND2            secondary keyboard input to move cursor to end of text
+//
+// Keyboard input must be encoded as a single integer value; e.g. a character code
+// and some bitflags that represent shift states. to simplify the interface, SHIFT must
+// be a bitflag, so we can test the shifted state of cursor movements to allow selection,
+// i.e. (STB_TEXTEDIT_K_RIGHT|STB_TEXTEDIT_K_SHIFT) should be shifted right-arrow.
+//
+// You can encode other things, such as CONTROL or ALT, in additional bits, and
+// then test for their presence in e.g. STB_TEXTEDIT_K_WORDLEFT. For example,
+// my Windows implementations add an additional CONTROL bit, and an additional KEYDOWN
+// bit. Then all of the STB_TEXTEDIT_K_ values bitwise-or in the KEYDOWN bit,
+// and I pass both WM_KEYDOWN and WM_CHAR events to the "key" function in the
+// API below. The control keys will only match WM_KEYDOWN events because of the
+// keydown bit I add, and STB_TEXTEDIT_KEYTOTEXT only tests for the KEYDOWN
+// bit so it only decodes WM_CHAR events.
+//
+// STB_TEXTEDIT_LAYOUTROW returns information about the shape of one displayed
+// row of characters assuming they start on the i'th character--the width and
+// the height and the number of characters consumed. This allows this library
+// to traverse the entire layout incrementally. You need to compute word-wrapping
+// here.
+//
+// Each textfield keeps its own insert mode state, which is not how normal
+// applications work. To keep an app-wide insert mode, update/copy the
+// "insert_mode" field of STB_TexteditState before/after calling API functions.
+//
+// API
+//
+//    void stb_textedit_initialize_state(STB_TexteditState *state, int is_single_line)
+//
+//    void stb_textedit_click(STB_TEXTEDIT_STRING *str, STB_TexteditState *state, float x, float y)
+//    void stb_textedit_drag(STB_TEXTEDIT_STRING *str, STB_TexteditState *state, float x, float y)
+//    int  stb_textedit_cut(STB_TEXTEDIT_STRING *str, STB_TexteditState *state)
+//    int  stb_textedit_paste(STB_TEXTEDIT_STRING *str, STB_TexteditState *state, STB_TEXTEDIT_CHARTYPE *text, int len)
+//    void stb_textedit_key(STB_TEXTEDIT_STRING *str, STB_TexteditState *state, STB_TEXEDIT_KEYTYPE key)
+//
+//    Each of these functions potentially updates the string and updates the
+//    state.
+//
+//      initialize_state:
+//          set the textedit state to a known good default state when initially
+//          constructing the textedit.
+//
+//      click:
+//          call this with the mouse x,y on a mouse down; it will update the cursor
+//          and reset the selection start/end to the cursor point. the x,y must
+//          be relative to the text widget, with (0,0) being the top left.
+//
+//      drag:
+//          call this with the mouse x,y on a mouse drag/up; it will update the
+//          cursor and the selection end point
+//
+//      cut:
+//          call this to delete the current selection; returns true if there was
+//          one. you should FIRST copy the current selection to the system paste buffer.
+//          (To copy, just copy the current selection out of the string yourself.)
+//
+//      paste:
+//          call this to paste text at the current cursor point or over the current
+//          selection if there is one.
+//
+//      key:
+//          call this for keyboard inputs sent to the textfield. you can use it
+//          for "key down" events or for "translated" key events. if you need to
+//          do both (as in Win32), or distinguish Unicode characters from control
+//          inputs, set a high bit to distinguish the two; then you can define the
+//          various definitions like STB_TEXTEDIT_K_LEFT have the is-key-event bit
+//          set, and make STB_TEXTEDIT_KEYTOCHAR check that the is-key-event bit is
+//          clear. STB_TEXTEDIT_KEYTYPE defaults to int, but you can #define it to
+//          anything other type you wante before including.
+//
+//
+//   When rendering, you can read the cursor position and selection state from
+//   the STB_TexteditState.
+//
+//
+// Notes:
+//
+// This is designed to be usable in IMGUI, so it allows for the possibility of
+// running in an IMGUI that has NOT cached the multi-line layout. For this
+// reason, it provides an interface that is compatible with computing the
+// layout incrementally--we try to make sure we make as few passes through
+// as possible. (For example, to locate the mouse pointer in the text, we
+// could define functions that return the X and Y positions of characters
+// and binary search Y and then X, but if we're doing dynamic layout this
+// will run the layout algorithm many times, so instead we manually search
+// forward in one pass. Similar logic applies to e.g. up-arrow and
+// down-arrow movement.)
+//
+// If it's run in a widget that *has* cached the layout, then this is less
+// efficient, but it's not horrible on modern computers. But you wouldn't
+// want to edit million-line files with it.
+
+
+////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+////
+////   Header-file mode
+////
+////
+
+#ifndef INCLUDE_STB_TEXTEDIT_H
+#define INCLUDE_STB_TEXTEDIT_H
+
+////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+//
+//     STB_TexteditState
+//
+// Definition of STB_TexteditState which you should store
+// per-textfield; it includes cursor position, selection state,
+// and undo state.
+//
+
+#ifndef STB_TEXTEDIT_UNDOSTATECOUNT
+#define STB_TEXTEDIT_UNDOSTATECOUNT   99
+#endif
+#ifndef STB_TEXTEDIT_UNDOCHARCOUNT
+#define STB_TEXTEDIT_UNDOCHARCOUNT   999
+#endif
+#ifndef STB_TEXTEDIT_CHARTYPE
+#define STB_TEXTEDIT_CHARTYPE        int
+#endif
+#ifndef STB_TEXTEDIT_POSITIONTYPE
+#define STB_TEXTEDIT_POSITIONTYPE    int
+#endif
+
+typedef struct
+{
+   // private data
+   STB_TEXTEDIT_POSITIONTYPE  where;
+   STB_TEXTEDIT_POSITIONTYPE  insert_length;
+   STB_TEXTEDIT_POSITIONTYPE  delete_length;
+   int                        char_storage;
+} StbUndoRecord;
+
+typedef struct
+{
+   // private data
+   StbUndoRecord          undo_rec [STB_TEXTEDIT_UNDOSTATECOUNT];
+   STB_TEXTEDIT_CHARTYPE  undo_char[STB_TEXTEDIT_UNDOCHARCOUNT];
+   short undo_point, redo_point;
+   int undo_char_point, redo_char_point;
+} StbUndoState;
+
+typedef struct
+{
+   /////////////////////
+   //
+   // public data
+   //
+
+   int cursor;
+   // position of the text cursor within the string
+
+   int select_start;          // selection start point
+   int select_end;
+   // selection start and end point in characters; if equal, no selection.
+   // note that start may be less than or greater than end (e.g. when
+   // dragging the mouse, start is where the initial click was, and you
+   // can drag in either direction)
+
+   unsigned char insert_mode;
+   // each textfield keeps its own insert mode state. to keep an app-wide
+   // insert mode, copy this value in/out of the app state
+
+   int row_count_per_page;
+   // page size in number of row.
+   // this value MUST be set to >0 for pageup or pagedown in multilines documents.
+
+   /////////////////////
+   //
+   // private data
+   //
+   unsigned char cursor_at_end_of_line; // not implemented yet
+   unsigned char initialized;
+   unsigned char has_preferred_x;
+   unsigned char single_line;
+   unsigned char padding1, padding2, padding3;
+   float preferred_x; // this determines where the cursor up/down tries to seek to along x
+   StbUndoState undostate;
+} STB_TexteditState;
+
+
+////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+//
+//     StbTexteditRow
+//
+// Result of layout query, used by stb_textedit to determine where
+// the text in each row is.
+
+// result of layout query
+typedef struct
+{
+   float x0,x1;             // starting x location, end x location (allows for align=right, etc)
+   float baseline_y_delta;  // position of baseline relative to previous row's baseline
+   float ymin,ymax;         // height of row above and below baseline
+   int num_chars;
+} StbTexteditRow;
+#endif //INCLUDE_STB_TEXTEDIT_H
+
+
+////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+////
+////   Implementation mode
+////
+////
+
+
+// implementation isn't include-guarded, since it might have indirectly
+// included just the "header" portion
+#ifdef STB_TEXTEDIT_IMPLEMENTATION
+
+#ifndef STB_TEXTEDIT_memmove
+#include <string.h>
+#define STB_TEXTEDIT_memmove memmove
+#endif
+
+
+/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+//
+//      Mouse input handling
+//
+
+// traverse the layout to locate the nearest character to a display position
+static int stb_text_locate_coord(STB_TEXTEDIT_STRING *str, float x, float y)
+{
+   StbTexteditRow r;
+   int n = STB_TEXTEDIT_STRINGLEN(str);
+   float base_y = 0, prev_x;
+   int i=0, k;
+
+   r.x0 = r.x1 = 0;
+   r.ymin = r.ymax = 0;
+   r.num_chars = 0;
+
+   // search rows to find one that straddles 'y'
+   while (i < n) {
+      STB_TEXTEDIT_LAYOUTROW(&r, str, i);
+      if (r.num_chars <= 0)
+         return n;
+
+      if (i==0 && y < base_y + r.ymin)
+         return 0;
+
+      if (y < base_y + r.ymax)
+         break;
+
+      i += r.num_chars;
+      base_y += r.baseline_y_delta;
+   }
+
+   // below all text, return 'after' last character
+   if (i >= n)
+      return n;
+
+   // check if it's before the beginning of the line
+   if (x < r.x0)
+      return i;
+
+   // check if it's before the end of the line
+   if (x < r.x1) {
+      // search characters in row for one that straddles 'x'
+      prev_x = r.x0;
+      for (k=0; k < r.num_chars; ++k) {
+         float w = STB_TEXTEDIT_GETWIDTH(str, i, k);
+         if (x < prev_x+w) {
+            if (x < prev_x+w/2)
+               return k+i;
+            else
+               return k+i+1;
+         }
+         prev_x += w;
+      }
+      // shouldn't happen, but if it does, fall through to end-of-line case
+   }
+
+   // if the last character is a newline, return that. otherwise return 'after' the last character
+   if (STB_TEXTEDIT_GETCHAR(str, i+r.num_chars-1) == STB_TEXTEDIT_NEWLINE)
+      return i+r.num_chars-1;
+   else
+      return i+r.num_chars;
+}
+
+// API click: on mouse down, move the cursor to the clicked location, and reset the selection
+static void stb_textedit_click(STB_TEXTEDIT_STRING *str, STB_TexteditState *state, float x, float y)
+{
+   // In single-line mode, just always make y = 0. This lets the drag keep working if the mouse
+   // goes off the top or bottom of the text
+   if( state->single_line )
+   {
+      StbTexteditRow r;
+      STB_TEXTEDIT_LAYOUTROW(&r, str, 0);
+      y = r.ymin;
+   }
+
+   state->cursor = stb_text_locate_coord(str, x, y);
+   state->select_start = state->cursor;
+   state->select_end = state->cursor;
+   state->has_preferred_x = 0;
+}
+
+// API drag: on mouse drag, move the cursor and selection endpoint to the clicked location
+static void stb_textedit_drag(STB_TEXTEDIT_STRING *str, STB_TexteditState *state, float x, float y)
+{
+   int p = 0;
+
+   // In single-line mode, just always make y = 0. This lets the drag keep working if the mouse
+   // goes off the top or bottom of the text
+   if( state->single_line )
+   {
+      StbTexteditRow r;
+      STB_TEXTEDIT_LAYOUTROW(&r, str, 0);
+      y = r.ymin;
+   }
+
+   if (state->select_start == state->select_end)
+      state->select_start = state->cursor;
+
+   p = stb_text_locate_coord(str, x, y);
+   state->cursor = state->select_end = p;
+}
+
+/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+//
+//      Keyboard input handling
+//
+
+// forward declarations
+static void stb_text_undo(STB_TEXTEDIT_STRING *str, STB_TexteditState *state);
+static void stb_text_redo(STB_TEXTEDIT_STRING *str, STB_TexteditState *state);
+static void stb_text_makeundo_delete(STB_TEXTEDIT_STRING *str, STB_TexteditState *state, int where, int length);
+static void stb_text_makeundo_insert(STB_TexteditState *state, int where, int length);
+static void stb_text_makeundo_replace(STB_TEXTEDIT_STRING *str, STB_TexteditState *state, int where, int old_length, int new_length);
+
+typedef struct
+{
+   float x,y;    // position of n'th character
+   float height; // height of line
+   int first_char, length; // first char of row, and length
+   int prev_first;  // first char of previous row
+} StbFindState;
+
+// find the x/y location of a character, and remember info about the previous row in
+// case we get a move-up event (for page up, we'll have to rescan)
+static void stb_textedit_find_charpos(StbFindState *find, STB_TEXTEDIT_STRING *str, int n, int single_line)
+{
+   StbTexteditRow r;
+   int prev_start = 0;
+   int z = STB_TEXTEDIT_STRINGLEN(str);
+   int i=0, first;
+
+   if (n == z) {
+      // if it's at the end, then find the last line -- simpler than trying to
+      // explicitly handle this case in the regular code
+      if (single_line) {
+         STB_TEXTEDIT_LAYOUTROW(&r, str, 0);
+         find->y = 0;
+         find->first_char = 0;
+         find->length = z;
+         find->height = r.ymax - r.ymin;
+         find->x = r.x1;
+      } else {
+         find->y = 0;
+         find->x = 0;
+         find->height = 1;
+         while (i < z) {
+            STB_TEXTEDIT_LAYOUTROW(&r, str, i);
+            prev_start = i;
+            i += r.num_chars;
+         }
+         find->first_char = i;
+         find->length = 0;
+         find->prev_first = prev_start;
+      }
+      return;
+   }
+
+   // search rows to find the one that straddles character n
+   find->y = 0;
+
+   for(;;) {
+      STB_TEXTEDIT_LAYOUTROW(&r, str, i);
+      if (n < i + r.num_chars)
+         break;
+      prev_start = i;
+      i += r.num_chars;
+      find->y += r.baseline_y_delta;
+   }
+
+   find->first_char = first = i;
+   find->length = r.num_chars;
+   find->height = r.ymax - r.ymin;
+   find->prev_first = prev_start;
+
+   // now scan to find xpos
+   find->x = r.x0;
+   for (i=0; first+i < n; ++i)
+      find->x += STB_TEXTEDIT_GETWIDTH(str, first, i);
+}
+
+#define STB_TEXT_HAS_SELECTION(s)   ((s)->select_start != (s)->select_end)
+
+// make the selection/cursor state valid if client altered the string
+static void stb_textedit_clamp(STB_TEXTEDIT_STRING *str, STB_TexteditState *state)
+{
+   int n = STB_TEXTEDIT_STRINGLEN(str);
+   if (STB_TEXT_HAS_SELECTION(state)) {
+      if (state->select_start > n) state->select_start = n;
+      if (state->select_end   > n) state->select_end = n;
+      // if clamping forced them to be equal, move the cursor to match
+      if (state->select_start == state->select_end)
+         state->cursor = state->select_start;
+   }
+   if (state->cursor > n) state->cursor = n;
+}
+
+// delete characters while updating undo
+static void stb_textedit_delete(STB_TEXTEDIT_STRING *str, STB_TexteditState *state, int where, int len)
+{
+   stb_text_makeundo_delete(str, state, where, len);
+   STB_TEXTEDIT_DELETECHARS(str, where, len);
+   state->has_preferred_x = 0;
+}
+
+// delete the section
+static void stb_textedit_delete_selection(STB_TEXTEDIT_STRING *str, STB_TexteditState *state)
+{
+   stb_textedit_clamp(str, state);
+   if (STB_TEXT_HAS_SELECTION(state)) {
+      if (state->select_start < state->select_end) {
+         stb_textedit_delete(str, state, state->select_start, state->select_end - state->select_start);
+         state->select_end = state->cursor = state->select_start;
+      } else {
+         stb_textedit_delete(str, state, state->select_end, state->select_start - state->select_end);
+         state->select_start = state->cursor = state->select_end;
+      }
+      state->has_preferred_x = 0;
+   }
+}
+
+// canoncialize the selection so start <= end
+static void stb_textedit_sortselection(STB_TexteditState *state)
+{
+   if (state->select_end < state->select_start) {
+      int temp = state->select_end;
+      state->select_end = state->select_start;
+      state->select_start = temp;
+   }
+}
+
+// move cursor to first character of selection
+static void stb_textedit_move_to_first(STB_TexteditState *state)
+{
+   if (STB_TEXT_HAS_SELECTION(state)) {
+      stb_textedit_sortselection(state);
+      state->cursor = state->select_start;
+      state->select_end = state->select_start;
+      state->has_preferred_x = 0;
+   }
+}
+
+// move cursor to last character of selection
+static void stb_textedit_move_to_last(STB_TEXTEDIT_STRING *str, STB_TexteditState *state)
+{
+   if (STB_TEXT_HAS_SELECTION(state)) {
+      stb_textedit_sortselection(state);
+      stb_textedit_clamp(str, state);
+      state->cursor = state->select_end;
+      state->select_start = state->select_end;
+      state->has_preferred_x = 0;
+   }
+}
+
+#ifdef STB_TEXTEDIT_IS_SPACE
+static int is_word_boundary( STB_TEXTEDIT_STRING *str, int idx )
+{
+   return idx > 0 ? (STB_TEXTEDIT_IS_SPACE( STB_TEXTEDIT_GETCHAR(str,idx-1) ) && !STB_TEXTEDIT_IS_SPACE( STB_TEXTEDIT_GETCHAR(str, idx) ) ) : 1;
+}
+
+#ifndef STB_TEXTEDIT_MOVEWORDLEFT
+static int stb_textedit_move_to_word_previous( STB_TEXTEDIT_STRING *str, int c )
+{
+   --c; // always move at least one character
+   while( c >= 0 && !is_word_boundary( str, c ) )
+      --c;
+
+   if( c < 0 )
+      c = 0;
+
+   return c;
+}
+#define STB_TEXTEDIT_MOVEWORDLEFT stb_textedit_move_to_word_previous
+#endif
+
+#ifndef STB_TEXTEDIT_MOVEWORDRIGHT
+static int stb_textedit_move_to_word_next( STB_TEXTEDIT_STRING *str, int c )
+{
+   const int len = STB_TEXTEDIT_STRINGLEN(str);
+   ++c; // always move at least one character
+   while( c < len && !is_word_boundary( str, c ) )
+      ++c;
+
+   if( c > len )
+      c = len;
+
+   return c;
+}
+#define STB_TEXTEDIT_MOVEWORDRIGHT stb_textedit_move_to_word_next
+#endif
+
+#endif
+
+// update selection and cursor to match each other
+static void stb_textedit_prep_selection_at_cursor(STB_TexteditState *state)
+{
+   if (!STB_TEXT_HAS_SELECTION(state))
+      state->select_start = state->select_end = state->cursor;
+   else
+      state->cursor = state->select_end;
+}
+
+// API cut: delete selection
+static int stb_textedit_cut(STB_TEXTEDIT_STRING *str, STB_TexteditState *state)
+{
+   if (STB_TEXT_HAS_SELECTION(state)) {
+      stb_textedit_delete_selection(str,state); // implicitly clamps
+      state->has_preferred_x = 0;
+      return 1;
+   }
+   return 0;
+}
+
+// API paste: replace existing selection with passed-in text
+static int stb_textedit_paste_internal(STB_TEXTEDIT_STRING *str, STB_TexteditState *state, STB_TEXTEDIT_CHARTYPE *text, int len)
+{
+   // if there's a selection, the paste should delete it
+   stb_textedit_clamp(str, state);
+   stb_textedit_delete_selection(str,state);
+   // try to insert the characters
+   if (STB_TEXTEDIT_INSERTCHARS(str, state->cursor, text, len)) {
+      stb_text_makeundo_insert(state, state->cursor, len);
+      state->cursor += len;
+      state->has_preferred_x = 0;
+      return 1;
+   }
+   // note: paste failure will leave deleted selection, may be restored with an undo (see https://github.com/nothings/stb/issues/734 for details)
+   return 0;
+}
+
+#ifndef STB_TEXTEDIT_KEYTYPE
+#define STB_TEXTEDIT_KEYTYPE int
+#endif
+
+// API key: process a keyboard input
+static void stb_textedit_key(STB_TEXTEDIT_STRING *str, STB_TexteditState *state, STB_TEXTEDIT_KEYTYPE key)
+{
+retry:
+   switch (key) {
+      default: {
+         int c = STB_TEXTEDIT_KEYTOTEXT(key);
+         if (c > 0) {
+            STB_TEXTEDIT_CHARTYPE ch = (STB_TEXTEDIT_CHARTYPE) c;
+
+            // can't add newline in single-line mode
+            if (c == '\n' && state->single_line)
+               break;
+
+            if (state->insert_mode && !STB_TEXT_HAS_SELECTION(state) && state->cursor < STB_TEXTEDIT_STRINGLEN(str)) {
+               stb_text_makeundo_replace(str, state, state->cursor, 1, 1);
+               STB_TEXTEDIT_DELETECHARS(str, state->cursor, 1);
+               if (STB_TEXTEDIT_INSERTCHARS(str, state->cursor, &ch, 1)) {
+                  ++state->cursor;
+                  state->has_preferred_x = 0;
+               }
+            } else {
+               stb_textedit_delete_selection(str,state); // implicitly clamps
+               if (STB_TEXTEDIT_INSERTCHARS(str, state->cursor, &ch, 1)) {
+                  stb_text_makeundo_insert(state, state->cursor, 1);
+                  ++state->cursor;
+                  state->has_preferred_x = 0;
+               }
+            }
+         }
+         break;
+      }
+
+#ifdef STB_TEXTEDIT_K_INSERT
+      case STB_TEXTEDIT_K_INSERT:
+         state->insert_mode = !state->insert_mode;
+         break;
+#endif
+
+      case STB_TEXTEDIT_K_UNDO:
+         stb_text_undo(str, state);
+         state->has_preferred_x = 0;
+         break;
+
+      case STB_TEXTEDIT_K_REDO:
+         stb_text_redo(str, state);
+         state->has_preferred_x = 0;
+         break;
+
+      case STB_TEXTEDIT_K_LEFT:
+         // if currently there's a selection, move cursor to start of selection
+         if (STB_TEXT_HAS_SELECTION(state))
+            stb_textedit_move_to_first(state);
+         else
+            if (state->cursor > 0)
+               --state->cursor;
+         state->has_preferred_x = 0;
+         break;
+
+      case STB_TEXTEDIT_K_RIGHT:
+         // if currently there's a selection, move cursor to end of selection
+         if (STB_TEXT_HAS_SELECTION(state))
+            stb_textedit_move_to_last(str, state);
+         else
+            ++state->cursor;
+         stb_textedit_clamp(str, state);
+         state->has_preferred_x = 0;
+         break;
+
+      case STB_TEXTEDIT_K_LEFT | STB_TEXTEDIT_K_SHIFT:
+         stb_textedit_clamp(str, state);
+         stb_textedit_prep_selection_at_cursor(state);
+         // move selection left
+         if (state->select_end > 0)
+            --state->select_end;
+         state->cursor = state->select_end;
+         state->has_preferred_x = 0;
+         break;
+
+#ifdef STB_TEXTEDIT_MOVEWORDLEFT
+      case STB_TEXTEDIT_K_WORDLEFT:
+         if (STB_TEXT_HAS_SELECTION(state))
+            stb_textedit_move_to_first(state);
+         else {
+            state->cursor = STB_TEXTEDIT_MOVEWORDLEFT(str, state->cursor);
+            stb_textedit_clamp( str, state );
+         }
+         break;
+
+      case STB_TEXTEDIT_K_WORDLEFT | STB_TEXTEDIT_K_SHIFT:
+         if( !STB_TEXT_HAS_SELECTION( state ) )
+            stb_textedit_prep_selection_at_cursor(state);
+
+         state->cursor = STB_TEXTEDIT_MOVEWORDLEFT(str, state->cursor);
+         state->select_end = state->cursor;
+
+         stb_textedit_clamp( str, state );
+         break;
+#endif
+
+#ifdef STB_TEXTEDIT_MOVEWORDRIGHT
+      case STB_TEXTEDIT_K_WORDRIGHT:
+         if (STB_TEXT_HAS_SELECTION(state))
+            stb_textedit_move_to_last(str, state);
+         else {
+            state->cursor = STB_TEXTEDIT_MOVEWORDRIGHT(str, state->cursor);
+            stb_textedit_clamp( str, state );
+         }
+         break;
+
+      case STB_TEXTEDIT_K_WORDRIGHT | STB_TEXTEDIT_K_SHIFT:
+         if( !STB_TEXT_HAS_SELECTION( state ) )
+            stb_textedit_prep_selection_at_cursor(state);
+
+         state->cursor = STB_TEXTEDIT_MOVEWORDRIGHT(str, state->cursor);
+         state->select_end = state->cursor;
+
+         stb_textedit_clamp( str, state );
+         break;
+#endif
+
+      case STB_TEXTEDIT_K_RIGHT | STB_TEXTEDIT_K_SHIFT:
+         stb_textedit_prep_selection_at_cursor(state);
+         // move selection right
+         ++state->select_end;
+         stb_textedit_clamp(str, state);
+         state->cursor = state->select_end;
+         state->has_preferred_x = 0;
+         break;
+
+      case STB_TEXTEDIT_K_DOWN:
+      case STB_TEXTEDIT_K_DOWN | STB_TEXTEDIT_K_SHIFT:
+      case STB_TEXTEDIT_K_PGDOWN:
+      case STB_TEXTEDIT_K_PGDOWN | STB_TEXTEDIT_K_SHIFT: {
+         StbFindState find;
+         StbTexteditRow row;
+         int i, j, sel = (key & STB_TEXTEDIT_K_SHIFT) != 0;
+         int is_page = (key & ~STB_TEXTEDIT_K_SHIFT) == STB_TEXTEDIT_K_PGDOWN;
+         int row_count = is_page ? state->row_count_per_page : 1;
+
+         if (!is_page && state->single_line) {
+            // on windows, up&down in single-line behave like left&right
+            key = STB_TEXTEDIT_K_RIGHT | (key & STB_TEXTEDIT_K_SHIFT);
+            goto retry;
+         }
+
+         if (sel)
+            stb_textedit_prep_selection_at_cursor(state);
+         else if (STB_TEXT_HAS_SELECTION(state))
+            stb_textedit_move_to_last(str, state);
+
+         // compute current position of cursor point
+         stb_textedit_clamp(str, state);
+         stb_textedit_find_charpos(&find, str, state->cursor, state->single_line);
+
+         for (j = 0; j < row_count; ++j) {
+            float x, goal_x = state->has_preferred_x ? state->preferred_x : find.x;
+            int start = find.first_char + find.length;
+
+            if (find.length == 0)
+               break;
+
+            // now find character position down a row
+            state->cursor = start;
+            STB_TEXTEDIT_LAYOUTROW(&row, str, state->cursor);
+            x = row.x0;
+            for (i=0; i < row.num_chars; ++i) {
+               float dx = STB_TEXTEDIT_GETWIDTH(str, start, i);
+               #ifdef STB_TEXTEDIT_GETWIDTH_NEWLINE
+               if (dx == STB_TEXTEDIT_GETWIDTH_NEWLINE)
+                  break;
+               #endif
+               x += dx;
+               if (x > goal_x)
+                  break;
+               ++state->cursor;
+            }
+            stb_textedit_clamp(str, state);
+
+            state->has_preferred_x = 1;
+            state->preferred_x = goal_x;
+
+            if (sel)
+               state->select_end = state->cursor;
+
+            // go to next line
+            find.first_char = find.first_char + find.length;
+            find.length = row.num_chars;
+         }
+         break;
+      }
+
+      case STB_TEXTEDIT_K_UP:
+      case STB_TEXTEDIT_K_UP | STB_TEXTEDIT_K_SHIFT:
+      case STB_TEXTEDIT_K_PGUP:
+      case STB_TEXTEDIT_K_PGUP | STB_TEXTEDIT_K_SHIFT: {
+         StbFindState find;
+         StbTexteditRow row;
+         int i, j, prev_scan, sel = (key & STB_TEXTEDIT_K_SHIFT) != 0;
+         int is_page = (key & ~STB_TEXTEDIT_K_SHIFT) == STB_TEXTEDIT_K_PGUP;
+         int row_count = is_page ? state->row_count_per_page : 1;
+
+         if (!is_page && state->single_line) {
+            // on windows, up&down become left&right
+            key = STB_TEXTEDIT_K_LEFT | (key & STB_TEXTEDIT_K_SHIFT);
+            goto retry;
+         }
+
+         if (sel)
+            stb_textedit_prep_selection_at_cursor(state);
+         else if (STB_TEXT_HAS_SELECTION(state))
+            stb_textedit_move_to_first(state);
+
+         // compute current position of cursor point
+         stb_textedit_clamp(str, state);
+         stb_textedit_find_charpos(&find, str, state->cursor, state->single_line);
+
+         for (j = 0; j < row_count; ++j) {
+            float  x, goal_x = state->has_preferred_x ? state->preferred_x : find.x;
+
+            // can only go up if there's a previous row
+            if (find.prev_first == find.first_char)
+               break;
+
+            // now find character position up a row
+            state->cursor = find.prev_first;
+            STB_TEXTEDIT_LAYOUTROW(&row, str, state->cursor);
+            x = row.x0;
+            for (i=0; i < row.num_chars; ++i) {
+               float dx = STB_TEXTEDIT_GETWIDTH(str, find.prev_first, i);
+               #ifdef STB_TEXTEDIT_GETWIDTH_NEWLINE
+               if (dx == STB_TEXTEDIT_GETWIDTH_NEWLINE)
+                  break;
+               #endif
+               x += dx;
+               if (x > goal_x)
+                  break;
+               ++state->cursor;
+            }
+            stb_textedit_clamp(str, state);
+
+            state->has_preferred_x = 1;
+            state->preferred_x = goal_x;
+
+            if (sel)
+               state->select_end = state->cursor;
+
+            // go to previous line
+            // (we need to scan previous line the hard way. maybe we could expose this as a new API function?)
+            prev_scan = find.prev_first > 0 ? find.prev_first - 1 : 0;
+            while (prev_scan > 0 && STB_TEXTEDIT_GETCHAR(str, prev_scan - 1) != STB_TEXTEDIT_NEWLINE)
+               --prev_scan;
+            find.first_char = find.prev_first;
+            find.prev_first = prev_scan;
+         }
+         break;
+      }
+
+      case STB_TEXTEDIT_K_DELETE:
+      case STB_TEXTEDIT_K_DELETE | STB_TEXTEDIT_K_SHIFT:
+         if (STB_TEXT_HAS_SELECTION(state))
+            stb_textedit_delete_selection(str, state);
+         else {
+            int n = STB_TEXTEDIT_STRINGLEN(str);
+            if (state->cursor < n)
+               stb_textedit_delete(str, state, state->cursor, 1);
+         }
+         state->has_preferred_x = 0;
+         break;
+
+      case STB_TEXTEDIT_K_BACKSPACE:
+      case STB_TEXTEDIT_K_BACKSPACE | STB_TEXTEDIT_K_SHIFT:
+         if (STB_TEXT_HAS_SELECTION(state))
+            stb_textedit_delete_selection(str, state);
+         else {
+            stb_textedit_clamp(str, state);
+            if (state->cursor > 0) {
+               stb_textedit_delete(str, state, state->cursor-1, 1);
+               --state->cursor;
+            }
+         }
+         state->has_preferred_x = 0;
+         break;
+
+#ifdef STB_TEXTEDIT_K_TEXTSTART2
+      case STB_TEXTEDIT_K_TEXTSTART2:
+#endif
+      case STB_TEXTEDIT_K_TEXTSTART:
+         state->cursor = state->select_start = state->select_end = 0;
+         state->has_preferred_x = 0;
+         break;
+
+#ifdef STB_TEXTEDIT_K_TEXTEND2
+      case STB_TEXTEDIT_K_TEXTEND2:
+#endif
+      case STB_TEXTEDIT_K_TEXTEND:
+         state->cursor = STB_TEXTEDIT_STRINGLEN(str);
+         state->select_start = state->select_end = 0;
+         state->has_preferred_x = 0;
+         break;
+
+#ifdef STB_TEXTEDIT_K_TEXTSTART2
+      case STB_TEXTEDIT_K_TEXTSTART2 | STB_TEXTEDIT_K_SHIFT:
+#endif
+      case STB_TEXTEDIT_K_TEXTSTART | STB_TEXTEDIT_K_SHIFT:
+         stb_textedit_prep_selection_at_cursor(state);
+         state->cursor = state->select_end = 0;
+         state->has_preferred_x = 0;
+         break;
+
+#ifdef STB_TEXTEDIT_K_TEXTEND2
+      case STB_TEXTEDIT_K_TEXTEND2 | STB_TEXTEDIT_K_SHIFT:
+#endif
+      case STB_TEXTEDIT_K_TEXTEND | STB_TEXTEDIT_K_SHIFT:
+         stb_textedit_prep_selection_at_cursor(state);
+         state->cursor = state->select_end = STB_TEXTEDIT_STRINGLEN(str);
+         state->has_preferred_x = 0;
+         break;
+
+
+#ifdef STB_TEXTEDIT_K_LINESTART2
+      case STB_TEXTEDIT_K_LINESTART2:
+#endif
+      case STB_TEXTEDIT_K_LINESTART:
+         stb_textedit_clamp(str, state);
+         stb_textedit_move_to_first(state);
+         if (state->single_line)
+            state->cursor = 0;
+         else while (state->cursor > 0 && STB_TEXTEDIT_GETCHAR(str, state->cursor-1) != STB_TEXTEDIT_NEWLINE)
+            --state->cursor;
+         state->has_preferred_x = 0;
+         break;
+
+#ifdef STB_TEXTEDIT_K_LINEEND2
+      case STB_TEXTEDIT_K_LINEEND2:
+#endif
+      case STB_TEXTEDIT_K_LINEEND: {
+         int n = STB_TEXTEDIT_STRINGLEN(str);
+         stb_textedit_clamp(str, state);
+         stb_textedit_move_to_first(state);
+         if (state->single_line)
+             state->cursor = n;
+         else while (state->cursor < n && STB_TEXTEDIT_GETCHAR(str, state->cursor) != STB_TEXTEDIT_NEWLINE)
+             ++state->cursor;
+         state->has_preferred_x = 0;
+         break;
+      }
+
+#ifdef STB_TEXTEDIT_K_LINESTART2
+      case STB_TEXTEDIT_K_LINESTART2 | STB_TEXTEDIT_K_SHIFT:
+#endif
+      case STB_TEXTEDIT_K_LINESTART | STB_TEXTEDIT_K_SHIFT:
+         stb_textedit_clamp(str, state);
+         stb_textedit_prep_selection_at_cursor(state);
+         if (state->single_line)
+            state->cursor = 0;
+         else while (state->cursor > 0 && STB_TEXTEDIT_GETCHAR(str, state->cursor-1) != STB_TEXTEDIT_NEWLINE)
+            --state->cursor;
+         state->select_end = state->cursor;
+         state->has_preferred_x = 0;
+         break;
+
+#ifdef STB_TEXTEDIT_K_LINEEND2
+      case STB_TEXTEDIT_K_LINEEND2 | STB_TEXTEDIT_K_SHIFT:
+#endif
+      case STB_TEXTEDIT_K_LINEEND | STB_TEXTEDIT_K_SHIFT: {
+         int n = STB_TEXTEDIT_STRINGLEN(str);
+         stb_textedit_clamp(str, state);
+         stb_textedit_prep_selection_at_cursor(state);
+         if (state->single_line)
+             state->cursor = n;
+         else while (state->cursor < n && STB_TEXTEDIT_GETCHAR(str, state->cursor) != STB_TEXTEDIT_NEWLINE)
+            ++state->cursor;
+         state->select_end = state->cursor;
+         state->has_preferred_x = 0;
+         break;
+      }
+   }
+}
+
+/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+//
+//      Undo processing
+//
+// @OPTIMIZE: the undo/redo buffer should be circular
+
+static void stb_textedit_flush_redo(StbUndoState *state)
+{
+   state->redo_point = STB_TEXTEDIT_UNDOSTATECOUNT;
+   state->redo_char_point = STB_TEXTEDIT_UNDOCHARCOUNT;
+}
+
+// discard the oldest entry in the undo list
+static void stb_textedit_discard_undo(StbUndoState *state)
+{
+   if (state->undo_point > 0) {
+      // if the 0th undo state has characters, clean those up
+      if (state->undo_rec[0].char_storage >= 0) {
+         int n = state->undo_rec[0].insert_length, i;
+         // delete n characters from all other records
+         state->undo_char_point -= n;
+         STB_TEXTEDIT_memmove(state->undo_char, state->undo_char + n, (size_t) (state->undo_char_point*sizeof(STB_TEXTEDIT_CHARTYPE)));
+         for (i=0; i < state->undo_point; ++i)
+            if (state->undo_rec[i].char_storage >= 0)
+               state->undo_rec[i].char_storage -= n; // @OPTIMIZE: get rid of char_storage and infer it
+      }
+      --state->undo_point;
+      STB_TEXTEDIT_memmove(state->undo_rec, state->undo_rec+1, (size_t) (state->undo_point*sizeof(state->undo_rec[0])));
+   }
+}
+
+// discard the oldest entry in the redo list--it's bad if this
+// ever happens, but because undo & redo have to store the actual
+// characters in different cases, the redo character buffer can
+// fill up even though the undo buffer didn't
+static void stb_textedit_discard_redo(StbUndoState *state)
+{
+   int k = STB_TEXTEDIT_UNDOSTATECOUNT-1;
+
+   if (state->redo_point <= k) {
+      // if the k'th undo state has characters, clean those up
+      if (state->undo_rec[k].char_storage >= 0) {
+         int n = state->undo_rec[k].insert_length, i;
+         // move the remaining redo character data to the end of the buffer
+         state->redo_char_point += n;
+         STB_TEXTEDIT_memmove(state->undo_char + state->redo_char_point, state->undo_char + state->redo_char_point-n, (size_t) ((STB_TEXTEDIT_UNDOCHARCOUNT - state->redo_char_point)*sizeof(STB_TEXTEDIT_CHARTYPE)));
+         // adjust the position of all the other records to account for above memmove
+         for (i=state->redo_point; i < k; ++i)
+            if (state->undo_rec[i].char_storage >= 0)
+               state->undo_rec[i].char_storage += n;
+      }
+      // now move all the redo records towards the end of the buffer; the first one is at 'redo_point'
+      STB_TEXTEDIT_memmove(state->undo_rec + state->redo_point+1, state->undo_rec + state->redo_point, (size_t) ((STB_TEXTEDIT_UNDOSTATECOUNT - state->redo_point)*sizeof(state->undo_rec[0])));
+      // now move redo_point to point to the new one
+      ++state->redo_point;
+   }
+}
+
+static StbUndoRecord *stb_text_create_undo_record(StbUndoState *state, int numchars)
+{
+   // any time we create a new undo record, we discard redo
+   stb_textedit_flush_redo(state);
+
+   // if we have no free records, we have to make room, by sliding the
+   // existing records down
+   if (state->undo_point == STB_TEXTEDIT_UNDOSTATECOUNT)
+      stb_textedit_discard_undo(state);
+
+   // if the characters to store won't possibly fit in the buffer, we can't undo
+   if (numchars > STB_TEXTEDIT_UNDOCHARCOUNT) {
+      state->undo_point = 0;
+      state->undo_char_point = 0;
+      return NULL;
+   }
+
+   // if we don't have enough free characters in the buffer, we have to make room
+   while (state->undo_char_point + numchars > STB_TEXTEDIT_UNDOCHARCOUNT)
+      stb_textedit_discard_undo(state);
+
+   return &state->undo_rec[state->undo_point++];
+}
+
+static STB_TEXTEDIT_CHARTYPE *stb_text_createundo(StbUndoState *state, int pos, int insert_len, int delete_len)
+{
+   StbUndoRecord *r = stb_text_create_undo_record(state, insert_len);
+   if (r == NULL)
+      return NULL;
+
+   r->where = pos;
+   r->insert_length = (STB_TEXTEDIT_POSITIONTYPE) insert_len;
+   r->delete_length = (STB_TEXTEDIT_POSITIONTYPE) delete_len;
+
+   if (insert_len == 0) {
+      r->char_storage = -1;
+      return NULL;
+   } else {
+      r->char_storage = state->undo_char_point;
+      state->undo_char_point += insert_len;
+      return &state->undo_char[r->char_storage];
+   }
+}
+
+static void stb_text_undo(STB_TEXTEDIT_STRING *str, STB_TexteditState *state)
+{
+   StbUndoState *s = &state->undostate;
+   StbUndoRecord u, *r;
+   if (s->undo_point == 0)
+      return;
+
+   // we need to do two things: apply the undo record, and create a redo record
+   u = s->undo_rec[s->undo_point-1];
+   r = &s->undo_rec[s->redo_point-1];
+   r->char_storage = -1;
+
+   r->insert_length = u.delete_length;
+   r->delete_length = u.insert_length;
+   r->where = u.where;
+
+   if (u.delete_length) {
+      // if the undo record says to delete characters, then the redo record will
+      // need to re-insert the characters that get deleted, so we need to store
+      // them.
+
+      // there are three cases:
+      //    there's enough room to store the characters
+      //    characters stored for *redoing* don't leave room for redo
+      //    characters stored for *undoing* don't leave room for redo
+      // if the last is true, we have to bail
+
+      if (s->undo_char_point + u.delete_length >= STB_TEXTEDIT_UNDOCHARCOUNT) {
+         // the undo records take up too much character space; there's no space to store the redo characters
+         r->insert_length = 0;
+      } else {
+         int i;
+
+         // there's definitely room to store the characters eventually
+         while (s->undo_char_point + u.delete_length > s->redo_char_point) {
+            // should never happen:
+            if (s->redo_point == STB_TEXTEDIT_UNDOSTATECOUNT)
+               return;
+            // there's currently not enough room, so discard a redo record
+            stb_textedit_discard_redo(s);
+         }
+         r = &s->undo_rec[s->redo_point-1];
+
+         r->char_storage = s->redo_char_point - u.delete_length;
+         s->redo_char_point = s->redo_char_point - u.delete_length;
+
+         // now save the characters
+         for (i=0; i < u.delete_length; ++i)
+            s->undo_char[r->char_storage + i] = STB_TEXTEDIT_GETCHAR(str, u.where + i);
+      }
+
+      // now we can carry out the deletion
+      STB_TEXTEDIT_DELETECHARS(str, u.where, u.delete_length);
+   }
+
+   // check type of recorded action:
+   if (u.insert_length) {
+      // easy case: was a deletion, so we need to insert n characters
+      STB_TEXTEDIT_INSERTCHARS(str, u.where, &s->undo_char[u.char_storage], u.insert_length);
+      s->undo_char_point -= u.insert_length;
+   }
+
+   state->cursor = u.where + u.insert_length;
+
+   s->undo_point--;
+   s->redo_point--;
+}
+
+static void stb_text_redo(STB_TEXTEDIT_STRING *str, STB_TexteditState *state)
+{
+   StbUndoState *s = &state->undostate;
+   StbUndoRecord *u, r;
+   if (s->redo_point == STB_TEXTEDIT_UNDOSTATECOUNT)
+      return;
+
+   // we need to do two things: apply the redo record, and create an undo record
+   u = &s->undo_rec[s->undo_point];
+   r = s->undo_rec[s->redo_point];
+
+   // we KNOW there must be room for the undo record, because the redo record
+   // was derived from an undo record
+
+   u->delete_length = r.insert_length;
+   u->insert_length = r.delete_length;
+   u->where = r.where;
+   u->char_storage = -1;
+
+   if (r.delete_length) {
+      // the redo record requires us to delete characters, so the undo record
+      // needs to store the characters
+
+      if (s->undo_char_point + u->insert_length > s->redo_char_point) {
+         u->insert_length = 0;
+         u->delete_length = 0;
+      } else {
+         int i;
+         u->char_storage = s->undo_char_point;
+         s->undo_char_point = s->undo_char_point + u->insert_length;
+
+         // now save the characters
+         for (i=0; i < u->insert_length; ++i)
+            s->undo_char[u->char_storage + i] = STB_TEXTEDIT_GETCHAR(str, u->where + i);
+      }
+
+      STB_TEXTEDIT_DELETECHARS(str, r.where, r.delete_length);
+   }
+
+   if (r.insert_length) {
+      // easy case: need to insert n characters
+      STB_TEXTEDIT_INSERTCHARS(str, r.where, &s->undo_char[r.char_storage], r.insert_length);
+      s->redo_char_point += r.insert_length;
+   }
+
+   state->cursor = r.where + r.insert_length;
+
+   s->undo_point++;
+   s->redo_point++;
+}
+
+static void stb_text_makeundo_insert(STB_TexteditState *state, int where, int length)
+{
+   stb_text_createundo(&state->undostate, where, 0, length);
+}
+
+static void stb_text_makeundo_delete(STB_TEXTEDIT_STRING *str, STB_TexteditState *state, int where, int length)
+{
+   int i;
+   STB_TEXTEDIT_CHARTYPE *p = stb_text_createundo(&state->undostate, where, length, 0);
+   if (p) {
+      for (i=0; i < length; ++i)
+         p[i] = STB_TEXTEDIT_GETCHAR(str, where+i);
+   }
+}
+
+static void stb_text_makeundo_replace(STB_TEXTEDIT_STRING *str, STB_TexteditState *state, int where, int old_length, int new_length)
+{
+   int i;
+   STB_TEXTEDIT_CHARTYPE *p = stb_text_createundo(&state->undostate, where, old_length, new_length);
+   if (p) {
+      for (i=0; i < old_length; ++i)
+         p[i] = STB_TEXTEDIT_GETCHAR(str, where+i);
+   }
+}
+
+// reset the state to default
+static void stb_textedit_clear_state(STB_TexteditState *state, int is_single_line)
+{
+   state->undostate.undo_point = 0;
+   state->undostate.undo_char_point = 0;
+   state->undostate.redo_point = STB_TEXTEDIT_UNDOSTATECOUNT;
+   state->undostate.redo_char_point = STB_TEXTEDIT_UNDOCHARCOUNT;
+   state->select_end = state->select_start = 0;
+   state->cursor = 0;
+   state->has_preferred_x = 0;
+   state->preferred_x = 0;
+   state->cursor_at_end_of_line = 0;
+   state->initialized = 1;
+   state->single_line = (unsigned char) is_single_line;
+   state->insert_mode = 0;
+   state->row_count_per_page = 0;
+}
+
+// API initialize
+static void stb_textedit_initialize_state(STB_TexteditState *state, int is_single_line)
+{
+   stb_textedit_clear_state(state, is_single_line);
+}
+
+#if defined(__GNUC__) || defined(__clang__)
+#pragma GCC diagnostic push
+#pragma GCC diagnostic ignored "-Wcast-qual"
+#endif
+
+static int stb_textedit_paste(STB_TEXTEDIT_STRING *str, STB_TexteditState *state, STB_TEXTEDIT_CHARTYPE const *ctext, int len)
+{
+   return stb_textedit_paste_internal(str, state, (STB_TEXTEDIT_CHARTYPE *) ctext, len);
+}
+
+#if defined(__GNUC__) || defined(__clang__)
+#pragma GCC diagnostic pop
+#endif
+
+#endif//STB_TEXTEDIT_IMPLEMENTATION
+
+/*
+------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+This software is available under 2 licenses -- choose whichever you prefer.
+------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ALTERNATIVE A - MIT License
+Copyright (c) 2017 Sean Barrett
+Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of
+this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal in
+the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights to
+use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies
+of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do
+so, subject to the following conditions:
+The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
+copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
+SOFTWARE.
+------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ALTERNATIVE B - Public Domain (www.unlicense.org)
+This is free and unencumbered software released into the public domain.
+Anyone is free to copy, modify, publish, use, compile, sell, or distribute this
+software, either in source code form or as a compiled binary, for any purpose,
+commercial or non-commercial, and by any means.
+In jurisdictions that recognize copyright laws, the author or authors of this
+software dedicate any and all copyright interest in the software to the public
+domain. We make this dedication for the benefit of the public at large and to
+the detriment of our heirs and successors. We intend this dedication to be an
+overt act of relinquishment in perpetuity of all present and future rights to
+this software under copyright law.
+THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+AUTHORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN
+ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION
+WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
+------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+*/
diff --git a/fggl/stb/stb_truetype.h b/fggl/stb/stb_truetype.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..bbf2284
--- /dev/null
+++ b/fggl/stb/stb_truetype.h
@@ -0,0 +1,5077 @@
+// stb_truetype.h - v1.26 - public domain
+// authored from 2009-2021 by Sean Barrett / RAD Game Tools
+//
+// =======================================================================
+//
+//    NO SECURITY GUARANTEE -- DO NOT USE THIS ON UNTRUSTED FONT FILES
+//
+// This library does no range checking of the offsets found in the file,
+// meaning an attacker can use it to read arbitrary memory.
+//
+// =======================================================================
+//
+//   This library processes TrueType files:
+//        parse files
+//        extract glyph metrics
+//        extract glyph shapes
+//        render glyphs to one-channel bitmaps with antialiasing (box filter)
+//        render glyphs to one-channel SDF bitmaps (signed-distance field/function)
+//
+//   Todo:
+//        non-MS cmaps
+//        crashproof on bad data
+//        hinting? (no longer patented)
+//        cleartype-style AA?
+//        optimize: use simple memory allocator for intermediates
+//        optimize: build edge-list directly from curves
+//        optimize: rasterize directly from curves?
+//
+// ADDITIONAL CONTRIBUTORS
+//
+//   Mikko Mononen: compound shape support, more cmap formats
+//   Tor Andersson: kerning, subpixel rendering
+//   Dougall Johnson: OpenType / Type 2 font handling
+//   Daniel Ribeiro Maciel: basic GPOS-based kerning
+//
+//   Misc other:
+//       Ryan Gordon
+//       Simon Glass
+//       github:IntellectualKitty
+//       Imanol Celaya
+//       Daniel Ribeiro Maciel
+//
+//   Bug/warning reports/fixes:
+//       "Zer" on mollyrocket       Fabian "ryg" Giesen   github:NiLuJe
+//       Cass Everitt               Martins Mozeiko       github:aloucks
+//       stoiko (Haemimont Games)   Cap Petschulat        github:oyvindjam
+//       Brian Hook                 Omar Cornut           github:vassvik
+//       Walter van Niftrik         Ryan Griege
+//       David Gow                  Peter LaValle
+//       David Given                Sergey Popov
+//       Ivan-Assen Ivanov          Giumo X. Clanjor
+//       Anthony Pesch              Higor Euripedes
+//       Johan Duparc               Thomas Fields
+//       Hou Qiming                 Derek Vinyard
+//       Rob Loach                  Cort Stratton
+//       Kenney Phillis Jr.         Brian Costabile
+//       Ken Voskuil (kaesve)
+//
+// VERSION HISTORY
+//
+//   1.26 (2021-08-28) fix broken rasterizer
+//   1.25 (2021-07-11) many fixes
+//   1.24 (2020-02-05) fix warning
+//   1.23 (2020-02-02) query SVG data for glyphs; query whole kerning table (but only kern not GPOS)
+//   1.22 (2019-08-11) minimize missing-glyph duplication; fix kerning if both 'GPOS' and 'kern' are defined
+//   1.21 (2019-02-25) fix warning
+//   1.20 (2019-02-07) PackFontRange skips missing codepoints; GetScaleFontVMetrics()
+//   1.19 (2018-02-11) GPOS kerning, STBTT_fmod
+//   1.18 (2018-01-29) add missing function
+//   1.17 (2017-07-23) make more arguments const; doc fix
+//   1.16 (2017-07-12) SDF support
+//   1.15 (2017-03-03) make more arguments const
+//   1.14 (2017-01-16) num-fonts-in-TTC function
+//   1.13 (2017-01-02) support OpenType fonts, certain Apple fonts
+//   1.12 (2016-10-25) suppress warnings about casting away const with -Wcast-qual
+//   1.11 (2016-04-02) fix unused-variable warning
+//   1.10 (2016-04-02) user-defined fabs(); rare memory leak; remove duplicate typedef
+//   1.09 (2016-01-16) warning fix; avoid crash on outofmem; use allocation userdata properly
+//   1.08 (2015-09-13) document stbtt_Rasterize(); fixes for vertical & horizontal edges
+//   1.07 (2015-08-01) allow PackFontRanges to accept arrays of sparse codepoints;
+//                     variant PackFontRanges to pack and render in separate phases;
+//                     fix stbtt_GetFontOFfsetForIndex (never worked for non-0 input?);
+//                     fixed an assert() bug in the new rasterizer
+//                     replace assert() with STBTT_assert() in new rasterizer
+//
+//   Full history can be found at the end of this file.
+//
+// LICENSE
+//
+//   See end of file for license information.
+//
+// USAGE
+//
+//   Include this file in whatever places need to refer to it. In ONE C/C++
+//   file, write:
+//      #define STB_TRUETYPE_IMPLEMENTATION
+//   before the #include of this file. This expands out the actual
+//   implementation into that C/C++ file.
+//
+//   To make the implementation private to the file that generates the implementation,
+//      #define STBTT_STATIC
+//
+//   Simple 3D API (don't ship this, but it's fine for tools and quick start)
+//           stbtt_BakeFontBitmap()               -- bake a font to a bitmap for use as texture
+//           stbtt_GetBakedQuad()                 -- compute quad to draw for a given char
+//
+//   Improved 3D API (more shippable):
+//           #include "stb_rect_pack.h"           -- optional, but you really want it
+//           stbtt_PackBegin()
+//           stbtt_PackSetOversampling()          -- for improved quality on small fonts
+//           stbtt_PackFontRanges()               -- pack and renders
+//           stbtt_PackEnd()
+//           stbtt_GetPackedQuad()
+//
+//   "Load" a font file from a memory buffer (you have to keep the buffer loaded)
+//           stbtt_InitFont()
+//           stbtt_GetFontOffsetForIndex()        -- indexing for TTC font collections
+//           stbtt_GetNumberOfFonts()             -- number of fonts for TTC font collections
+//
+//   Render a unicode codepoint to a bitmap
+//           stbtt_GetCodepointBitmap()           -- allocates and returns a bitmap
+//           stbtt_MakeCodepointBitmap()          -- renders into bitmap you provide
+//           stbtt_GetCodepointBitmapBox()        -- how big the bitmap must be
+//
+//   Character advance/positioning
+//           stbtt_GetCodepointHMetrics()
+//           stbtt_GetFontVMetrics()
+//           stbtt_GetFontVMetricsOS2()
+//           stbtt_GetCodepointKernAdvance()
+//
+//   Starting with version 1.06, the rasterizer was replaced with a new,
+//   faster and generally-more-precise rasterizer. The new rasterizer more
+//   accurately measures pixel coverage for anti-aliasing, except in the case
+//   where multiple shapes overlap, in which case it overestimates the AA pixel
+//   coverage. Thus, anti-aliasing of intersecting shapes may look wrong. If
+//   this turns out to be a problem, you can re-enable the old rasterizer with
+//        #define STBTT_RASTERIZER_VERSION 1
+//   which will incur about a 15% speed hit.
+//
+// ADDITIONAL DOCUMENTATION
+//
+//   Immediately after this block comment are a series of sample programs.
+//
+//   After the sample programs is the "header file" section. This section
+//   includes documentation for each API function.
+//
+//   Some important concepts to understand to use this library:
+//
+//      Codepoint
+//         Characters are defined by unicode codepoints, e.g. 65 is
+//         uppercase A, 231 is lowercase c with a cedilla, 0x7e30 is
+//         the hiragana for "ma".
+//
+//      Glyph
+//         A visual character shape (every codepoint is rendered as
+//         some glyph)
+//
+//      Glyph index
+//         A font-specific integer ID representing a glyph
+//
+//      Baseline
+//         Glyph shapes are defined relative to a baseline, which is the
+//         bottom of uppercase characters. Characters extend both above
+//         and below the baseline.
+//
+//      Current Point
+//         As you draw text to the screen, you keep track of a "current point"
+//         which is the origin of each character. The current point's vertical
+//         position is the baseline. Even "baked fonts" use this model.
+//
+//      Vertical Font Metrics
+//         The vertical qualities of the font, used to vertically position
+//         and space the characters. See docs for stbtt_GetFontVMetrics.
+//
+//      Font Size in Pixels or Points
+//         The preferred interface for specifying font sizes in stb_truetype
+//         is to specify how tall the font's vertical extent should be in pixels.
+//         If that sounds good enough, skip the next paragraph.
+//
+//         Most font APIs instead use "points", which are a common typographic
+//         measurement for describing font size, defined as 72 points per inch.
+//         stb_truetype provides a point API for compatibility. However, true
+//         "per inch" conventions don't make much sense on computer displays
+//         since different monitors have different number of pixels per
+//         inch. For example, Windows traditionally uses a convention that
+//         there are 96 pixels per inch, thus making 'inch' measurements have
+//         nothing to do with inches, and thus effectively defining a point to
+//         be 1.333 pixels. Additionally, the TrueType font data provides
+//         an explicit scale factor to scale a given font's glyphs to points,
+//         but the author has observed that this scale factor is often wrong
+//         for non-commercial fonts, thus making fonts scaled in points
+//         according to the TrueType spec incoherently sized in practice.
+//
+// DETAILED USAGE:
+//
+//  Scale:
+//    Select how high you want the font to be, in points or pixels.
+//    Call ScaleForPixelHeight or ScaleForMappingEmToPixels to compute
+//    a scale factor SF that will be used by all other functions.
+//
+//  Baseline:
+//    You need to select a y-coordinate that is the baseline of where
+//    your text will appear. Call GetFontBoundingBox to get the baseline-relative
+//    bounding box for all characters. SF*-y0 will be the distance in pixels
+//    that the worst-case character could extend above the baseline, so if
+//    you want the top edge of characters to appear at the top of the
+//    screen where y=0, then you would set the baseline to SF*-y0.
+//
+//  Current point:
+//    Set the current point where the first character will appear. The
+//    first character could extend left of the current point; this is font
+//    dependent. You can either choose a current point that is the leftmost
+//    point and hope, or add some padding, or check the bounding box or
+//    left-side-bearing of the first character to be displayed and set
+//    the current point based on that.
+//
+//  Displaying a character:
+//    Compute the bounding box of the character. It will contain signed values
+//    relative to <current_point, baseline>. I.e. if it returns x0,y0,x1,y1,
+//    then the character should be displayed in the rectangle from
+//    <current_point+SF*x0, baseline+SF*y0> to <current_point+SF*x1,baseline+SF*y1).
+//
+//  Advancing for the next character:
+//    Call GlyphHMetrics, and compute 'current_point += SF * advance'.
+//
+//
+// ADVANCED USAGE
+//
+//   Quality:
+//
+//    - Use the functions with Subpixel at the end to allow your characters
+//      to have subpixel positioning. Since the font is anti-aliased, not
+//      hinted, this is very import for quality. (This is not possible with
+//      baked fonts.)
+//
+//    - Kerning is now supported, and if you're supporting subpixel rendering
+//      then kerning is worth using to give your text a polished look.
+//
+//   Performance:
+//
+//    - Convert Unicode codepoints to glyph indexes and operate on the glyphs;
+//      if you don't do this, stb_truetype is forced to do the conversion on
+//      every call.
+//
+//    - There are a lot of memory allocations. We should modify it to take
+//      a temp buffer and allocate from the temp buffer (without freeing),
+//      should help performance a lot.
+//
+// NOTES
+//
+//   The system uses the raw data found in the .ttf file without changing it
+//   and without building auxiliary data structures. This is a bit inefficient
+//   on little-endian systems (the data is big-endian), but assuming you're
+//   caching the bitmaps or glyph shapes this shouldn't be a big deal.
+//
+//   It appears to be very hard to programmatically determine what font a
+//   given file is in a general way. I provide an API for this, but I don't
+//   recommend it.
+//
+//
+// PERFORMANCE MEASUREMENTS FOR 1.06:
+//
+//                      32-bit     64-bit
+//   Previous release:  8.83 s     7.68 s
+//   Pool allocations:  7.72 s     6.34 s
+//   Inline sort     :  6.54 s     5.65 s
+//   New rasterizer  :  5.63 s     5.00 s
+
+//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+////
+////  SAMPLE PROGRAMS
+////
+//
+//  Incomplete text-in-3d-api example, which draws quads properly aligned to be lossless.
+//  See "tests/truetype_demo_win32.c" for a complete version.
+#if 0
+#define STB_TRUETYPE_IMPLEMENTATION  // force following include to generate implementation
+#include "stb_truetype.h"
+
+unsigned char ttf_buffer[1<<20];
+unsigned char temp_bitmap[512*512];
+
+stbtt_bakedchar cdata[96]; // ASCII 32..126 is 95 glyphs
+GLuint ftex;
+
+void my_stbtt_initfont(void)
+{
+   fread(ttf_buffer, 1, 1<<20, fopen("c:/windows/fonts/times.ttf", "rb"));
+   stbtt_BakeFontBitmap(ttf_buffer,0, 32.0, temp_bitmap,512,512, 32,96, cdata); // no guarantee this fits!
+   // can free ttf_buffer at this point
+   glGenTextures(1, &ftex);
+   glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, ftex);
+   glTexImage2D(GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0, GL_ALPHA, 512,512, 0, GL_ALPHA, GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, temp_bitmap);
+   // can free temp_bitmap at this point
+   glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER, GL_LINEAR);
+}
+
+void my_stbtt_print(float x, float y, char *text)
+{
+   // assume orthographic projection with units = screen pixels, origin at top left
+   glEnable(GL_BLEND);
+   glBlendFunc(GL_SRC_ALPHA, GL_ONE_MINUS_SRC_ALPHA);
+   glEnable(GL_TEXTURE_2D);
+   glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, ftex);
+   glBegin(GL_QUADS);
+   while (*text) {
+      if (*text >= 32 && *text < 128) {
+         stbtt_aligned_quad q;
+         stbtt_GetBakedQuad(cdata, 512,512, *text-32, &x,&y,&q,1);//1=opengl & d3d10+,0=d3d9
+         glTexCoord2f(q.s0,q.t0); glVertex2f(q.x0,q.y0);
+         glTexCoord2f(q.s1,q.t0); glVertex2f(q.x1,q.y0);
+         glTexCoord2f(q.s1,q.t1); glVertex2f(q.x1,q.y1);
+         glTexCoord2f(q.s0,q.t1); glVertex2f(q.x0,q.y1);
+      }
+      ++text;
+   }
+   glEnd();
+}
+#endif
+//
+//
+//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+//
+// Complete program (this compiles): get a single bitmap, print as ASCII art
+//
+#if 0
+#include <stdio.h>
+#define STB_TRUETYPE_IMPLEMENTATION  // force following include to generate implementation
+#include "stb_truetype.h"
+
+char ttf_buffer[1<<25];
+
+int main(int argc, char **argv)
+{
+   stbtt_fontinfo font;
+   unsigned char *bitmap;
+   int w,h,i,j,c = (argc > 1 ? atoi(argv[1]) : 'a'), s = (argc > 2 ? atoi(argv[2]) : 20);
+
+   fread(ttf_buffer, 1, 1<<25, fopen(argc > 3 ? argv[3] : "c:/windows/fonts/arialbd.ttf", "rb"));
+
+   stbtt_InitFont(&font, ttf_buffer, stbtt_GetFontOffsetForIndex(ttf_buffer,0));
+   bitmap = stbtt_GetCodepointBitmap(&font, 0,stbtt_ScaleForPixelHeight(&font, s), c, &w, &h, 0,0);
+
+   for (j=0; j < h; ++j) {
+      for (i=0; i < w; ++i)
+         putchar(" .:ioVM@"[bitmap[j*w+i]>>5]);
+      putchar('\n');
+   }
+   return 0;
+}
+#endif
+//
+// Output:
+//
+//     .ii.
+//    @@@@@@.
+//   V@Mio@@o
+//   :i.  V@V
+//     :oM@@M
+//   :@@@MM@M
+//   @@o  o@M
+//  :@@.  M@M
+//   @@@o@@@@
+//   :M@@V:@@.
+//
+//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+//
+// Complete program: print "Hello World!" banner, with bugs
+//
+#if 0
+char buffer[24<<20];
+unsigned char screen[20][79];
+
+int main(int arg, char **argv)
+{
+   stbtt_fontinfo font;
+   int i,j,ascent,baseline,ch=0;
+   float scale, xpos=2; // leave a little padding in case the character extends left
+   char *text = "Heljo World!"; // intentionally misspelled to show 'lj' brokenness
+
+   fread(buffer, 1, 1000000, fopen("c:/windows/fonts/arialbd.ttf", "rb"));
+   stbtt_InitFont(&font, buffer, 0);
+
+   scale = stbtt_ScaleForPixelHeight(&font, 15);
+   stbtt_GetFontVMetrics(&font, &ascent,0,0);
+   baseline = (int) (ascent*scale);
+
+   while (text[ch]) {
+      int advance,lsb,x0,y0,x1,y1;
+      float x_shift = xpos - (float) floor(xpos);
+      stbtt_GetCodepointHMetrics(&font, text[ch], &advance, &lsb);
+      stbtt_GetCodepointBitmapBoxSubpixel(&font, text[ch], scale,scale,x_shift,0, &x0,&y0,&x1,&y1);
+      stbtt_MakeCodepointBitmapSubpixel(&font, &screen[baseline + y0][(int) xpos + x0], x1-x0,y1-y0, 79, scale,scale,x_shift,0, text[ch]);
+      // note that this stomps the old data, so where character boxes overlap (e.g. 'lj') it's wrong
+      // because this API is really for baking character bitmaps into textures. if you want to render
+      // a sequence of characters, you really need to render each bitmap to a temp buffer, then
+      // "alpha blend" that into the working buffer
+      xpos += (advance * scale);
+      if (text[ch+1])
+         xpos += scale*stbtt_GetCodepointKernAdvance(&font, text[ch],text[ch+1]);
+      ++ch;
+   }
+
+   for (j=0; j < 20; ++j) {
+      for (i=0; i < 78; ++i)
+         putchar(" .:ioVM@"[screen[j][i]>>5]);
+      putchar('\n');
+   }
+
+   return 0;
+}
+#endif
+
+
+//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+////
+////   INTEGRATION WITH YOUR CODEBASE
+////
+////   The following sections allow you to supply alternate definitions
+////   of C library functions used by stb_truetype, e.g. if you don't
+////   link with the C runtime library.
+
+#ifdef STB_TRUETYPE_IMPLEMENTATION
+   // #define your own (u)stbtt_int8/16/32 before including to override this
+   #ifndef stbtt_uint8
+   typedef unsigned char   stbtt_uint8;
+   typedef signed   char   stbtt_int8;
+   typedef unsigned short  stbtt_uint16;
+   typedef signed   short  stbtt_int16;
+   typedef unsigned int    stbtt_uint32;
+   typedef signed   int    stbtt_int32;
+   #endif
+
+   typedef char stbtt__check_size32[sizeof(stbtt_int32)==4 ? 1 : -1];
+   typedef char stbtt__check_size16[sizeof(stbtt_int16)==2 ? 1 : -1];
+
+   // e.g. #define your own STBTT_ifloor/STBTT_iceil() to avoid math.h
+   #ifndef STBTT_ifloor
+   #include <math.h>
+   #define STBTT_ifloor(x)   ((int) floor(x))
+   #define STBTT_iceil(x)    ((int) ceil(x))
+   #endif
+
+   #ifndef STBTT_sqrt
+   #include <math.h>
+   #define STBTT_sqrt(x)      sqrt(x)
+   #define STBTT_pow(x,y)     pow(x,y)
+   #endif
+
+   #ifndef STBTT_fmod
+   #include <math.h>
+   #define STBTT_fmod(x,y)    fmod(x,y)
+   #endif
+
+   #ifndef STBTT_cos
+   #include <math.h>
+   #define STBTT_cos(x)       cos(x)
+   #define STBTT_acos(x)      acos(x)
+   #endif
+
+   #ifndef STBTT_fabs
+   #include <math.h>
+   #define STBTT_fabs(x)      fabs(x)
+   #endif
+
+   // #define your own functions "STBTT_malloc" / "STBTT_free" to avoid malloc.h
+   #ifndef STBTT_malloc
+   #include <stdlib.h>
+   #define STBTT_malloc(x,u)  ((void)(u),malloc(x))
+   #define STBTT_free(x,u)    ((void)(u),free(x))
+   #endif
+
+   #ifndef STBTT_assert
+   #include <assert.h>
+   #define STBTT_assert(x)    assert(x)
+   #endif
+
+   #ifndef STBTT_strlen
+   #include <string.h>
+   #define STBTT_strlen(x)    strlen(x)
+   #endif
+
+   #ifndef STBTT_memcpy
+   #include <string.h>
+   #define STBTT_memcpy       memcpy
+   #define STBTT_memset       memset
+   #endif
+#endif
+
+///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+////
+////   INTERFACE
+////
+////
+
+#ifndef __STB_INCLUDE_STB_TRUETYPE_H__
+#define __STB_INCLUDE_STB_TRUETYPE_H__
+
+#ifdef STBTT_STATIC
+#define STBTT_DEF static
+#else
+#define STBTT_DEF extern
+#endif
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+extern "C" {
+#endif
+
+// private structure
+typedef struct
+{
+   unsigned char *data;
+   int cursor;
+   int size;
+} stbtt__buf;
+
+//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+//
+// TEXTURE BAKING API
+//
+// If you use this API, you only have to call two functions ever.
+//
+
+typedef struct
+{
+   unsigned short x0,y0,x1,y1; // coordinates of bbox in bitmap
+   float xoff,yoff,xadvance;
+} stbtt_bakedchar;
+
+STBTT_DEF int stbtt_BakeFontBitmap(const unsigned char *data, int offset,  // font location (use offset=0 for plain .ttf)
+                                float pixel_height,                     // height of font in pixels
+                                unsigned char *pixels, int pw, int ph,  // bitmap to be filled in
+                                int first_char, int num_chars,          // characters to bake
+                                stbtt_bakedchar *chardata);             // you allocate this, it's num_chars long
+// if return is positive, the first unused row of the bitmap
+// if return is negative, returns the negative of the number of characters that fit
+// if return is 0, no characters fit and no rows were used
+// This uses a very crappy packing.
+
+typedef struct
+{
+   float x0,y0,s0,t0; // top-left
+   float x1,y1,s1,t1; // bottom-right
+} stbtt_aligned_quad;
+
+STBTT_DEF void stbtt_GetBakedQuad(const stbtt_bakedchar *chardata, int pw, int ph,  // same data as above
+                               int char_index,             // character to display
+                               float *xpos, float *ypos,   // pointers to current position in screen pixel space
+                               stbtt_aligned_quad *q,      // output: quad to draw
+                               int opengl_fillrule);       // true if opengl fill rule; false if DX9 or earlier
+// Call GetBakedQuad with char_index = 'character - first_char', and it
+// creates the quad you need to draw and advances the current position.
+//
+// The coordinate system used assumes y increases downwards.
+//
+// Characters will extend both above and below the current position;
+// see discussion of "BASELINE" above.
+//
+// It's inefficient; you might want to c&p it and optimize it.
+
+STBTT_DEF void stbtt_GetScaledFontVMetrics(const unsigned char *fontdata, int index, float size, float *ascent, float *descent, float *lineGap);
+// Query the font vertical metrics without having to create a font first.
+
+
+//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+//
+// NEW TEXTURE BAKING API
+//
+// This provides options for packing multiple fonts into one atlas, not
+// perfectly but better than nothing.
+
+typedef struct
+{
+   unsigned short x0,y0,x1,y1; // coordinates of bbox in bitmap
+   float xoff,yoff,xadvance;
+   float xoff2,yoff2;
+} stbtt_packedchar;
+
+typedef struct stbtt_pack_context stbtt_pack_context;
+typedef struct stbtt_fontinfo stbtt_fontinfo;
+#ifndef STB_RECT_PACK_VERSION
+typedef struct stbrp_rect stbrp_rect;
+#endif
+
+STBTT_DEF int  stbtt_PackBegin(stbtt_pack_context *spc, unsigned char *pixels, int width, int height, int stride_in_bytes, int padding, void *alloc_context);
+// Initializes a packing context stored in the passed-in stbtt_pack_context.
+// Future calls using this context will pack characters into the bitmap passed
+// in here: a 1-channel bitmap that is width * height. stride_in_bytes is
+// the distance from one row to the next (or 0 to mean they are packed tightly
+// together). "padding" is the amount of padding to leave between each
+// character (normally you want '1' for bitmaps you'll use as textures with
+// bilinear filtering).
+//
+// Returns 0 on failure, 1 on success.
+
+STBTT_DEF void stbtt_PackEnd  (stbtt_pack_context *spc);
+// Cleans up the packing context and frees all memory.
+
+#define STBTT_POINT_SIZE(x)   (-(x))
+
+STBTT_DEF int  stbtt_PackFontRange(stbtt_pack_context *spc, const unsigned char *fontdata, int font_index, float font_size,
+                                int first_unicode_char_in_range, int num_chars_in_range, stbtt_packedchar *chardata_for_range);
+// Creates character bitmaps from the font_index'th font found in fontdata (use
+// font_index=0 if you don't know what that is). It creates num_chars_in_range
+// bitmaps for characters with unicode values starting at first_unicode_char_in_range
+// and increasing. Data for how to render them is stored in chardata_for_range;
+// pass these to stbtt_GetPackedQuad to get back renderable quads.
+//
+// font_size is the full height of the character from ascender to descender,
+// as computed by stbtt_ScaleForPixelHeight. To use a point size as computed
+// by stbtt_ScaleForMappingEmToPixels, wrap the point size in STBTT_POINT_SIZE()
+// and pass that result as 'font_size':
+//       ...,                  20 , ... // font max minus min y is 20 pixels tall
+//       ..., STBTT_POINT_SIZE(20), ... // 'M' is 20 pixels tall
+
+typedef struct
+{
+   float font_size;
+   int first_unicode_codepoint_in_range;  // if non-zero, then the chars are continuous, and this is the first codepoint
+   int *array_of_unicode_codepoints;       // if non-zero, then this is an array of unicode codepoints
+   int num_chars;
+   stbtt_packedchar *chardata_for_range; // output
+   unsigned char h_oversample, v_oversample; // don't set these, they're used internally
+} stbtt_pack_range;
+
+STBTT_DEF int  stbtt_PackFontRanges(stbtt_pack_context *spc, const unsigned char *fontdata, int font_index, stbtt_pack_range *ranges, int num_ranges);
+// Creates character bitmaps from multiple ranges of characters stored in
+// ranges. This will usually create a better-packed bitmap than multiple
+// calls to stbtt_PackFontRange. Note that you can call this multiple
+// times within a single PackBegin/PackEnd.
+
+STBTT_DEF void stbtt_PackSetOversampling(stbtt_pack_context *spc, unsigned int h_oversample, unsigned int v_oversample);
+// Oversampling a font increases the quality by allowing higher-quality subpixel
+// positioning, and is especially valuable at smaller text sizes.
+//
+// This function sets the amount of oversampling for all following calls to
+// stbtt_PackFontRange(s) or stbtt_PackFontRangesGatherRects for a given
+// pack context. The default (no oversampling) is achieved by h_oversample=1
+// and v_oversample=1. The total number of pixels required is
+// h_oversample*v_oversample larger than the default; for example, 2x2
+// oversampling requires 4x the storage of 1x1. For best results, render
+// oversampled textures with bilinear filtering. Look at the readme in
+// stb/tests/oversample for information about oversampled fonts
+//
+// To use with PackFontRangesGather etc., you must set it before calls
+// call to PackFontRangesGatherRects.
+
+STBTT_DEF void stbtt_PackSetSkipMissingCodepoints(stbtt_pack_context *spc, int skip);
+// If skip != 0, this tells stb_truetype to skip any codepoints for which
+// there is no corresponding glyph. If skip=0, which is the default, then
+// codepoints without a glyph recived the font's "missing character" glyph,
+// typically an empty box by convention.
+
+STBTT_DEF void stbtt_GetPackedQuad(const stbtt_packedchar *chardata, int pw, int ph,  // same data as above
+                               int char_index,             // character to display
+                               float *xpos, float *ypos,   // pointers to current position in screen pixel space
+                               stbtt_aligned_quad *q,      // output: quad to draw
+                               int align_to_integer);
+
+STBTT_DEF int  stbtt_PackFontRangesGatherRects(stbtt_pack_context *spc, const stbtt_fontinfo *info, stbtt_pack_range *ranges, int num_ranges, stbrp_rect *rects);
+STBTT_DEF void stbtt_PackFontRangesPackRects(stbtt_pack_context *spc, stbrp_rect *rects, int num_rects);
+STBTT_DEF int  stbtt_PackFontRangesRenderIntoRects(stbtt_pack_context *spc, const stbtt_fontinfo *info, stbtt_pack_range *ranges, int num_ranges, stbrp_rect *rects);
+// Calling these functions in sequence is roughly equivalent to calling
+// stbtt_PackFontRanges(). If you more control over the packing of multiple
+// fonts, or if you want to pack custom data into a font texture, take a look
+// at the source to of stbtt_PackFontRanges() and create a custom version
+// using these functions, e.g. call GatherRects multiple times,
+// building up a single array of rects, then call PackRects once,
+// then call RenderIntoRects repeatedly. This may result in a
+// better packing than calling PackFontRanges multiple times
+// (or it may not).
+
+// this is an opaque structure that you shouldn't mess with which holds
+// all the context needed from PackBegin to PackEnd.
+struct stbtt_pack_context {
+   void *user_allocator_context;
+   void *pack_info;
+   int   width;
+   int   height;
+   int   stride_in_bytes;
+   int   padding;
+   int   skip_missing;
+   unsigned int   h_oversample, v_oversample;
+   unsigned char *pixels;
+   void  *nodes;
+};
+
+//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+//
+// FONT LOADING
+//
+//
+
+STBTT_DEF int stbtt_GetNumberOfFonts(const unsigned char *data);
+// This function will determine the number of fonts in a font file.  TrueType
+// collection (.ttc) files may contain multiple fonts, while TrueType font
+// (.ttf) files only contain one font. The number of fonts can be used for
+// indexing with the previous function where the index is between zero and one
+// less than the total fonts. If an error occurs, -1 is returned.
+
+STBTT_DEF int stbtt_GetFontOffsetForIndex(const unsigned char *data, int index);
+// Each .ttf/.ttc file may have more than one font. Each font has a sequential
+// index number starting from 0. Call this function to get the font offset for
+// a given index; it returns -1 if the index is out of range. A regular .ttf
+// file will only define one font and it always be at offset 0, so it will
+// return '0' for index 0, and -1 for all other indices.
+
+// The following structure is defined publicly so you can declare one on
+// the stack or as a global or etc, but you should treat it as opaque.
+struct stbtt_fontinfo
+{
+   void           * userdata;
+   unsigned char  * data;              // pointer to .ttf file
+   int              fontstart;         // offset of start of font
+
+   int numGlyphs;                     // number of glyphs, needed for range checking
+
+   int loca,head,glyf,hhea,hmtx,kern,gpos,svg; // table locations as offset from start of .ttf
+   int index_map;                     // a cmap mapping for our chosen character encoding
+   int indexToLocFormat;              // format needed to map from glyph index to glyph
+
+   stbtt__buf cff;                    // cff font data
+   stbtt__buf charstrings;            // the charstring index
+   stbtt__buf gsubrs;                 // global charstring subroutines index
+   stbtt__buf subrs;                  // private charstring subroutines index
+   stbtt__buf fontdicts;              // array of font dicts
+   stbtt__buf fdselect;               // map from glyph to fontdict
+};
+
+STBTT_DEF int stbtt_InitFont(stbtt_fontinfo *info, const unsigned char *data, int offset);
+// Given an offset into the file that defines a font, this function builds
+// the necessary cached info for the rest of the system. You must allocate
+// the stbtt_fontinfo yourself, and stbtt_InitFont will fill it out. You don't
+// need to do anything special to free it, because the contents are pure
+// value data with no additional data structures. Returns 0 on failure.
+
+
+//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+//
+// CHARACTER TO GLYPH-INDEX CONVERSIOn
+
+STBTT_DEF int stbtt_FindGlyphIndex(const stbtt_fontinfo *info, int unicode_codepoint);
+// If you're going to perform multiple operations on the same character
+// and you want a speed-up, call this function with the character you're
+// going to process, then use glyph-based functions instead of the
+// codepoint-based functions.
+// Returns 0 if the character codepoint is not defined in the font.
+
+
+//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+//
+// CHARACTER PROPERTIES
+//
+
+STBTT_DEF float stbtt_ScaleForPixelHeight(const stbtt_fontinfo *info, float pixels);
+// computes a scale factor to produce a font whose "height" is 'pixels' tall.
+// Height is measured as the distance from the highest ascender to the lowest
+// descender; in other words, it's equivalent to calling stbtt_GetFontVMetrics
+// and computing:
+//       scale = pixels / (ascent - descent)
+// so if you prefer to measure height by the ascent only, use a similar calculation.
+
+STBTT_DEF float stbtt_ScaleForMappingEmToPixels(const stbtt_fontinfo *info, float pixels);
+// computes a scale factor to produce a font whose EM size is mapped to
+// 'pixels' tall. This is probably what traditional APIs compute, but
+// I'm not positive.
+
+STBTT_DEF void stbtt_GetFontVMetrics(const stbtt_fontinfo *info, int *ascent, int *descent, int *lineGap);
+// ascent is the coordinate above the baseline the font extends; descent
+// is the coordinate below the baseline the font extends (i.e. it is typically negative)
+// lineGap is the spacing between one row's descent and the next row's ascent...
+// so you should advance the vertical position by "*ascent - *descent + *lineGap"
+//   these are expressed in unscaled coordinates, so you must multiply by
+//   the scale factor for a given size
+
+STBTT_DEF int  stbtt_GetFontVMetricsOS2(const stbtt_fontinfo *info, int *typoAscent, int *typoDescent, int *typoLineGap);
+// analogous to GetFontVMetrics, but returns the "typographic" values from the OS/2
+// table (specific to MS/Windows TTF files).
+//
+// Returns 1 on success (table present), 0 on failure.
+
+STBTT_DEF void stbtt_GetFontBoundingBox(const stbtt_fontinfo *info, int *x0, int *y0, int *x1, int *y1);
+// the bounding box around all possible characters
+
+STBTT_DEF void stbtt_GetCodepointHMetrics(const stbtt_fontinfo *info, int codepoint, int *advanceWidth, int *leftSideBearing);
+// leftSideBearing is the offset from the current horizontal position to the left edge of the character
+// advanceWidth is the offset from the current horizontal position to the next horizontal position
+//   these are expressed in unscaled coordinates
+
+STBTT_DEF int  stbtt_GetCodepointKernAdvance(const stbtt_fontinfo *info, int ch1, int ch2);
+// an additional amount to add to the 'advance' value between ch1 and ch2
+
+STBTT_DEF int stbtt_GetCodepointBox(const stbtt_fontinfo *info, int codepoint, int *x0, int *y0, int *x1, int *y1);
+// Gets the bounding box of the visible part of the glyph, in unscaled coordinates
+
+STBTT_DEF void stbtt_GetGlyphHMetrics(const stbtt_fontinfo *info, int glyph_index, int *advanceWidth, int *leftSideBearing);
+STBTT_DEF int  stbtt_GetGlyphKernAdvance(const stbtt_fontinfo *info, int glyph1, int glyph2);
+STBTT_DEF int  stbtt_GetGlyphBox(const stbtt_fontinfo *info, int glyph_index, int *x0, int *y0, int *x1, int *y1);
+// as above, but takes one or more glyph indices for greater efficiency
+
+typedef struct stbtt_kerningentry
+{
+   int glyph1; // use stbtt_FindGlyphIndex
+   int glyph2;
+   int advance;
+} stbtt_kerningentry;
+
+STBTT_DEF int  stbtt_GetKerningTableLength(const stbtt_fontinfo *info);
+STBTT_DEF int  stbtt_GetKerningTable(const stbtt_fontinfo *info, stbtt_kerningentry* table, int table_length);
+// Retrieves a complete list of all of the kerning pairs provided by the font
+// stbtt_GetKerningTable never writes more than table_length entries and returns how many entries it did write.
+// The table will be sorted by (a.glyph1 == b.glyph1)?(a.glyph2 < b.glyph2):(a.glyph1 < b.glyph1)
+
+//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+//
+// GLYPH SHAPES (you probably don't need these, but they have to go before
+// the bitmaps for C declaration-order reasons)
+//
+
+#ifndef STBTT_vmove // you can predefine these to use different values (but why?)
+   enum {
+      STBTT_vmove=1,
+      STBTT_vline,
+      STBTT_vcurve,
+      STBTT_vcubic
+   };
+#endif
+
+#ifndef stbtt_vertex // you can predefine this to use different values
+                   // (we share this with other code at RAD)
+   #define stbtt_vertex_type short // can't use stbtt_int16 because that's not visible in the header file
+   typedef struct
+   {
+      stbtt_vertex_type x,y,cx,cy,cx1,cy1;
+      unsigned char type,padding;
+   } stbtt_vertex;
+#endif
+
+STBTT_DEF int stbtt_IsGlyphEmpty(const stbtt_fontinfo *info, int glyph_index);
+// returns non-zero if nothing is drawn for this glyph
+
+STBTT_DEF int stbtt_GetCodepointShape(const stbtt_fontinfo *info, int unicode_codepoint, stbtt_vertex **vertices);
+STBTT_DEF int stbtt_GetGlyphShape(const stbtt_fontinfo *info, int glyph_index, stbtt_vertex **vertices);
+// returns # of vertices and fills *vertices with the pointer to them
+//   these are expressed in "unscaled" coordinates
+//
+// The shape is a series of contours. Each one starts with
+// a STBTT_moveto, then consists of a series of mixed
+// STBTT_lineto and STBTT_curveto segments. A lineto
+// draws a line from previous endpoint to its x,y; a curveto
+// draws a quadratic bezier from previous endpoint to
+// its x,y, using cx,cy as the bezier control point.
+
+STBTT_DEF void stbtt_FreeShape(const stbtt_fontinfo *info, stbtt_vertex *vertices);
+// frees the data allocated above
+
+STBTT_DEF unsigned char *stbtt_FindSVGDoc(const stbtt_fontinfo *info, int gl);
+STBTT_DEF int stbtt_GetCodepointSVG(const stbtt_fontinfo *info, int unicode_codepoint, const char **svg);
+STBTT_DEF int stbtt_GetGlyphSVG(const stbtt_fontinfo *info, int gl, const char **svg);
+// fills svg with the character's SVG data.
+// returns data size or 0 if SVG not found.
+
+//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+//
+// BITMAP RENDERING
+//
+
+STBTT_DEF void stbtt_FreeBitmap(unsigned char *bitmap, void *userdata);
+// frees the bitmap allocated below
+
+STBTT_DEF unsigned char *stbtt_GetCodepointBitmap(const stbtt_fontinfo *info, float scale_x, float scale_y, int codepoint, int *width, int *height, int *xoff, int *yoff);
+// allocates a large-enough single-channel 8bpp bitmap and renders the
+// specified character/glyph at the specified scale into it, with
+// antialiasing. 0 is no coverage (transparent), 255 is fully covered (opaque).
+// *width & *height are filled out with the width & height of the bitmap,
+// which is stored left-to-right, top-to-bottom.
+//
+// xoff/yoff are the offset it pixel space from the glyph origin to the top-left of the bitmap
+
+STBTT_DEF unsigned char *stbtt_GetCodepointBitmapSubpixel(const stbtt_fontinfo *info, float scale_x, float scale_y, float shift_x, float shift_y, int codepoint, int *width, int *height, int *xoff, int *yoff);
+// the same as stbtt_GetCodepoitnBitmap, but you can specify a subpixel
+// shift for the character
+
+STBTT_DEF void stbtt_MakeCodepointBitmap(const stbtt_fontinfo *info, unsigned char *output, int out_w, int out_h, int out_stride, float scale_x, float scale_y, int codepoint);
+// the same as stbtt_GetCodepointBitmap, but you pass in storage for the bitmap
+// in the form of 'output', with row spacing of 'out_stride' bytes. the bitmap
+// is clipped to out_w/out_h bytes. Call stbtt_GetCodepointBitmapBox to get the
+// width and height and positioning info for it first.
+
+STBTT_DEF void stbtt_MakeCodepointBitmapSubpixel(const stbtt_fontinfo *info, unsigned char *output, int out_w, int out_h, int out_stride, float scale_x, float scale_y, float shift_x, float shift_y, int codepoint);
+// same as stbtt_MakeCodepointBitmap, but you can specify a subpixel
+// shift for the character
+
+STBTT_DEF void stbtt_MakeCodepointBitmapSubpixelPrefilter(const stbtt_fontinfo *info, unsigned char *output, int out_w, int out_h, int out_stride, float scale_x, float scale_y, float shift_x, float shift_y, int oversample_x, int oversample_y, float *sub_x, float *sub_y, int codepoint);
+// same as stbtt_MakeCodepointBitmapSubpixel, but prefiltering
+// is performed (see stbtt_PackSetOversampling)
+
+STBTT_DEF void stbtt_GetCodepointBitmapBox(const stbtt_fontinfo *font, int codepoint, float scale_x, float scale_y, int *ix0, int *iy0, int *ix1, int *iy1);
+// get the bbox of the bitmap centered around the glyph origin; so the
+// bitmap width is ix1-ix0, height is iy1-iy0, and location to place
+// the bitmap top left is (leftSideBearing*scale,iy0).
+// (Note that the bitmap uses y-increases-down, but the shape uses
+// y-increases-up, so CodepointBitmapBox and CodepointBox are inverted.)
+
+STBTT_DEF void stbtt_GetCodepointBitmapBoxSubpixel(const stbtt_fontinfo *font, int codepoint, float scale_x, float scale_y, float shift_x, float shift_y, int *ix0, int *iy0, int *ix1, int *iy1);
+// same as stbtt_GetCodepointBitmapBox, but you can specify a subpixel
+// shift for the character
+
+// the following functions are equivalent to the above functions, but operate
+// on glyph indices instead of Unicode codepoints (for efficiency)
+STBTT_DEF unsigned char *stbtt_GetGlyphBitmap(const stbtt_fontinfo *info, float scale_x, float scale_y, int glyph, int *width, int *height, int *xoff, int *yoff);
+STBTT_DEF unsigned char *stbtt_GetGlyphBitmapSubpixel(const stbtt_fontinfo *info, float scale_x, float scale_y, float shift_x, float shift_y, int glyph, int *width, int *height, int *xoff, int *yoff);
+STBTT_DEF void stbtt_MakeGlyphBitmap(const stbtt_fontinfo *info, unsigned char *output, int out_w, int out_h, int out_stride, float scale_x, float scale_y, int glyph);
+STBTT_DEF void stbtt_MakeGlyphBitmapSubpixel(const stbtt_fontinfo *info, unsigned char *output, int out_w, int out_h, int out_stride, float scale_x, float scale_y, float shift_x, float shift_y, int glyph);
+STBTT_DEF void stbtt_MakeGlyphBitmapSubpixelPrefilter(const stbtt_fontinfo *info, unsigned char *output, int out_w, int out_h, int out_stride, float scale_x, float scale_y, float shift_x, float shift_y, int oversample_x, int oversample_y, float *sub_x, float *sub_y, int glyph);
+STBTT_DEF void stbtt_GetGlyphBitmapBox(const stbtt_fontinfo *font, int glyph, float scale_x, float scale_y, int *ix0, int *iy0, int *ix1, int *iy1);
+STBTT_DEF void stbtt_GetGlyphBitmapBoxSubpixel(const stbtt_fontinfo *font, int glyph, float scale_x, float scale_y,float shift_x, float shift_y, int *ix0, int *iy0, int *ix1, int *iy1);
+
+
+// @TODO: don't expose this structure
+typedef struct
+{
+   int w,h,stride;
+   unsigned char *pixels;
+} stbtt__bitmap;
+
+// rasterize a shape with quadratic beziers into a bitmap
+STBTT_DEF void stbtt_Rasterize(stbtt__bitmap *result,        // 1-channel bitmap to draw into
+                               float flatness_in_pixels,     // allowable error of curve in pixels
+                               stbtt_vertex *vertices,       // array of vertices defining shape
+                               int num_verts,                // number of vertices in above array
+                               float scale_x, float scale_y, // scale applied to input vertices
+                               float shift_x, float shift_y, // translation applied to input vertices
+                               int x_off, int y_off,         // another translation applied to input
+                               int invert,                   // if non-zero, vertically flip shape
+                               void *userdata);              // context for to STBTT_MALLOC
+
+//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+//
+// Signed Distance Function (or Field) rendering
+
+STBTT_DEF void stbtt_FreeSDF(unsigned char *bitmap, void *userdata);
+// frees the SDF bitmap allocated below
+
+STBTT_DEF unsigned char * stbtt_GetGlyphSDF(const stbtt_fontinfo *info, float scale, int glyph, int padding, unsigned char onedge_value, float pixel_dist_scale, int *width, int *height, int *xoff, int *yoff);
+STBTT_DEF unsigned char * stbtt_GetCodepointSDF(const stbtt_fontinfo *info, float scale, int codepoint, int padding, unsigned char onedge_value, float pixel_dist_scale, int *width, int *height, int *xoff, int *yoff);
+// These functions compute a discretized SDF field for a single character, suitable for storing
+// in a single-channel texture, sampling with bilinear filtering, and testing against
+// larger than some threshold to produce scalable fonts.
+//        info              --  the font
+//        scale             --  controls the size of the resulting SDF bitmap, same as it would be creating a regular bitmap
+//        glyph/codepoint   --  the character to generate the SDF for
+//        padding           --  extra "pixels" around the character which are filled with the distance to the character (not 0),
+//                                 which allows effects like bit outlines
+//        onedge_value      --  value 0-255 to test the SDF against to reconstruct the character (i.e. the isocontour of the character)
+//        pixel_dist_scale  --  what value the SDF should increase by when moving one SDF "pixel" away from the edge (on the 0..255 scale)
+//                                 if positive, > onedge_value is inside; if negative, < onedge_value is inside
+//        width,height      --  output height & width of the SDF bitmap (including padding)
+//        xoff,yoff         --  output origin of the character
+//        return value      --  a 2D array of bytes 0..255, width*height in size
+//
+// pixel_dist_scale & onedge_value are a scale & bias that allows you to make
+// optimal use of the limited 0..255 for your application, trading off precision
+// and special effects. SDF values outside the range 0..255 are clamped to 0..255.
+//
+// Example:
+//      scale = stbtt_ScaleForPixelHeight(22)
+//      padding = 5
+//      onedge_value = 180
+//      pixel_dist_scale = 180/5.0 = 36.0
+//
+//      This will create an SDF bitmap in which the character is about 22 pixels
+//      high but the whole bitmap is about 22+5+5=32 pixels high. To produce a filled
+//      shape, sample the SDF at each pixel and fill the pixel if the SDF value
+//      is greater than or equal to 180/255. (You'll actually want to antialias,
+//      which is beyond the scope of this example.) Additionally, you can compute
+//      offset outlines (e.g. to stroke the character border inside & outside,
+//      or only outside). For example, to fill outside the character up to 3 SDF
+//      pixels, you would compare against (180-36.0*3)/255 = 72/255. The above
+//      choice of variables maps a range from 5 pixels outside the shape to
+//      2 pixels inside the shape to 0..255; this is intended primarily for apply
+//      outside effects only (the interior range is needed to allow proper
+//      antialiasing of the font at *smaller* sizes)
+//
+// The function computes the SDF analytically at each SDF pixel, not by e.g.
+// building a higher-res bitmap and approximating it. In theory the quality
+// should be as high as possible for an SDF of this size & representation, but
+// unclear if this is true in practice (perhaps building a higher-res bitmap
+// and computing from that can allow drop-out prevention).
+//
+// The algorithm has not been optimized at all, so expect it to be slow
+// if computing lots of characters or very large sizes.
+
+
+
+//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+//
+// Finding the right font...
+//
+// You should really just solve this offline, keep your own tables
+// of what font is what, and don't try to get it out of the .ttf file.
+// That's because getting it out of the .ttf file is really hard, because
+// the names in the file can appear in many possible encodings, in many
+// possible languages, and e.g. if you need a case-insensitive comparison,
+// the details of that depend on the encoding & language in a complex way
+// (actually underspecified in truetype, but also gigantic).
+//
+// But you can use the provided functions in two possible ways:
+//     stbtt_FindMatchingFont() will use *case-sensitive* comparisons on
+//             unicode-encoded names to try to find the font you want;
+//             you can run this before calling stbtt_InitFont()
+//
+//     stbtt_GetFontNameString() lets you get any of the various strings
+//             from the file yourself and do your own comparisons on them.
+//             You have to have called stbtt_InitFont() first.
+
+
+STBTT_DEF int stbtt_FindMatchingFont(const unsigned char *fontdata, const char *name, int flags);
+// returns the offset (not index) of the font that matches, or -1 if none
+//   if you use STBTT_MACSTYLE_DONTCARE, use a font name like "Arial Bold".
+//   if you use any other flag, use a font name like "Arial"; this checks
+//     the 'macStyle' header field; i don't know if fonts set this consistently
+#define STBTT_MACSTYLE_DONTCARE     0
+#define STBTT_MACSTYLE_BOLD         1
+#define STBTT_MACSTYLE_ITALIC       2
+#define STBTT_MACSTYLE_UNDERSCORE   4
+#define STBTT_MACSTYLE_NONE         8   // <= not same as 0, this makes us check the bitfield is 0
+
+STBTT_DEF int stbtt_CompareUTF8toUTF16_bigendian(const char *s1, int len1, const char *s2, int len2);
+// returns 1/0 whether the first string interpreted as utf8 is identical to
+// the second string interpreted as big-endian utf16... useful for strings from next func
+
+STBTT_DEF const char *stbtt_GetFontNameString(const stbtt_fontinfo *font, int *length, int platformID, int encodingID, int languageID, int nameID);
+// returns the string (which may be big-endian double byte, e.g. for unicode)
+// and puts the length in bytes in *length.
+//
+// some of the values for the IDs are below; for more see the truetype spec:
+//     http://developer.apple.com/textfonts/TTRefMan/RM06/Chap6name.html
+//     http://www.microsoft.com/typography/otspec/name.htm
+
+enum { // platformID
+   STBTT_PLATFORM_ID_UNICODE   =0,
+   STBTT_PLATFORM_ID_MAC       =1,
+   STBTT_PLATFORM_ID_ISO       =2,
+   STBTT_PLATFORM_ID_MICROSOFT =3
+};
+
+enum { // encodingID for STBTT_PLATFORM_ID_UNICODE
+   STBTT_UNICODE_EID_UNICODE_1_0    =0,
+   STBTT_UNICODE_EID_UNICODE_1_1    =1,
+   STBTT_UNICODE_EID_ISO_10646      =2,
+   STBTT_UNICODE_EID_UNICODE_2_0_BMP=3,
+   STBTT_UNICODE_EID_UNICODE_2_0_FULL=4
+};
+
+enum { // encodingID for STBTT_PLATFORM_ID_MICROSOFT
+   STBTT_MS_EID_SYMBOL        =0,
+   STBTT_MS_EID_UNICODE_BMP   =1,
+   STBTT_MS_EID_SHIFTJIS      =2,
+   STBTT_MS_EID_UNICODE_FULL  =10
+};
+
+enum { // encodingID for STBTT_PLATFORM_ID_MAC; same as Script Manager codes
+   STBTT_MAC_EID_ROMAN        =0,   STBTT_MAC_EID_ARABIC       =4,
+   STBTT_MAC_EID_JAPANESE     =1,   STBTT_MAC_EID_HEBREW       =5,
+   STBTT_MAC_EID_CHINESE_TRAD =2,   STBTT_MAC_EID_GREEK        =6,
+   STBTT_MAC_EID_KOREAN       =3,   STBTT_MAC_EID_RUSSIAN      =7
+};
+
+enum { // languageID for STBTT_PLATFORM_ID_MICROSOFT; same as LCID...
+       // problematic because there are e.g. 16 english LCIDs and 16 arabic LCIDs
+   STBTT_MS_LANG_ENGLISH     =0x0409,   STBTT_MS_LANG_ITALIAN     =0x0410,
+   STBTT_MS_LANG_CHINESE     =0x0804,   STBTT_MS_LANG_JAPANESE    =0x0411,
+   STBTT_MS_LANG_DUTCH       =0x0413,   STBTT_MS_LANG_KOREAN      =0x0412,
+   STBTT_MS_LANG_FRENCH      =0x040c,   STBTT_MS_LANG_RUSSIAN     =0x0419,
+   STBTT_MS_LANG_GERMAN      =0x0407,   STBTT_MS_LANG_SPANISH     =0x0409,
+   STBTT_MS_LANG_HEBREW      =0x040d,   STBTT_MS_LANG_SWEDISH     =0x041D
+};
+
+enum { // languageID for STBTT_PLATFORM_ID_MAC
+   STBTT_MAC_LANG_ENGLISH      =0 ,   STBTT_MAC_LANG_JAPANESE     =11,
+   STBTT_MAC_LANG_ARABIC       =12,   STBTT_MAC_LANG_KOREAN       =23,
+   STBTT_MAC_LANG_DUTCH        =4 ,   STBTT_MAC_LANG_RUSSIAN      =32,
+   STBTT_MAC_LANG_FRENCH       =1 ,   STBTT_MAC_LANG_SPANISH      =6 ,
+   STBTT_MAC_LANG_GERMAN       =2 ,   STBTT_MAC_LANG_SWEDISH      =5 ,
+   STBTT_MAC_LANG_HEBREW       =10,   STBTT_MAC_LANG_CHINESE_SIMPLIFIED =33,
+   STBTT_MAC_LANG_ITALIAN      =3 ,   STBTT_MAC_LANG_CHINESE_TRAD =19
+};
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+}
+#endif
+
+#endif // __STB_INCLUDE_STB_TRUETYPE_H__
+
+///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+////
+////   IMPLEMENTATION
+////
+////
+
+#ifdef STB_TRUETYPE_IMPLEMENTATION
+
+#ifndef STBTT_MAX_OVERSAMPLE
+#define STBTT_MAX_OVERSAMPLE   8
+#endif
+
+#if STBTT_MAX_OVERSAMPLE > 255
+#error "STBTT_MAX_OVERSAMPLE cannot be > 255"
+#endif
+
+typedef int stbtt__test_oversample_pow2[(STBTT_MAX_OVERSAMPLE & (STBTT_MAX_OVERSAMPLE-1)) == 0 ? 1 : -1];
+
+#ifndef STBTT_RASTERIZER_VERSION
+#define STBTT_RASTERIZER_VERSION 2
+#endif
+
+#ifdef _MSC_VER
+#define STBTT__NOTUSED(v)  (void)(v)
+#else
+#define STBTT__NOTUSED(v)  (void)sizeof(v)
+#endif
+
+//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+//
+// stbtt__buf helpers to parse data from file
+//
+
+static stbtt_uint8 stbtt__buf_get8(stbtt__buf *b)
+{
+   if (b->cursor >= b->size)
+      return 0;
+   return b->data[b->cursor++];
+}
+
+static stbtt_uint8 stbtt__buf_peek8(stbtt__buf *b)
+{
+   if (b->cursor >= b->size)
+      return 0;
+   return b->data[b->cursor];
+}
+
+static void stbtt__buf_seek(stbtt__buf *b, int o)
+{
+   STBTT_assert(!(o > b->size || o < 0));
+   b->cursor = (o > b->size || o < 0) ? b->size : o;
+}
+
+static void stbtt__buf_skip(stbtt__buf *b, int o)
+{
+   stbtt__buf_seek(b, b->cursor + o);
+}
+
+static stbtt_uint32 stbtt__buf_get(stbtt__buf *b, int n)
+{
+   stbtt_uint32 v = 0;
+   int i;
+   STBTT_assert(n >= 1 && n <= 4);
+   for (i = 0; i < n; i++)
+      v = (v << 8) | stbtt__buf_get8(b);
+   return v;
+}
+
+static stbtt__buf stbtt__new_buf(const void *p, size_t size)
+{
+   stbtt__buf r;
+   STBTT_assert(size < 0x40000000);
+   r.data = (stbtt_uint8*) p;
+   r.size = (int) size;
+   r.cursor = 0;
+   return r;
+}
+
+#define stbtt__buf_get16(b)  stbtt__buf_get((b), 2)
+#define stbtt__buf_get32(b)  stbtt__buf_get((b), 4)
+
+static stbtt__buf stbtt__buf_range(const stbtt__buf *b, int o, int s)
+{
+   stbtt__buf r = stbtt__new_buf(NULL, 0);
+   if (o < 0 || s < 0 || o > b->size || s > b->size - o) return r;
+   r.data = b->data + o;
+   r.size = s;
+   return r;
+}
+
+static stbtt__buf stbtt__cff_get_index(stbtt__buf *b)
+{
+   int count, start, offsize;
+   start = b->cursor;
+   count = stbtt__buf_get16(b);
+   if (count) {
+      offsize = stbtt__buf_get8(b);
+      STBTT_assert(offsize >= 1 && offsize <= 4);
+      stbtt__buf_skip(b, offsize * count);
+      stbtt__buf_skip(b, stbtt__buf_get(b, offsize) - 1);
+   }
+   return stbtt__buf_range(b, start, b->cursor - start);
+}
+
+static stbtt_uint32 stbtt__cff_int(stbtt__buf *b)
+{
+   int b0 = stbtt__buf_get8(b);
+   if (b0 >= 32 && b0 <= 246)       return b0 - 139;
+   else if (b0 >= 247 && b0 <= 250) return (b0 - 247)*256 + stbtt__buf_get8(b) + 108;
+   else if (b0 >= 251 && b0 <= 254) return -(b0 - 251)*256 - stbtt__buf_get8(b) - 108;
+   else if (b0 == 28)               return stbtt__buf_get16(b);
+   else if (b0 == 29)               return stbtt__buf_get32(b);
+   STBTT_assert(0);
+   return 0;
+}
+
+static void stbtt__cff_skip_operand(stbtt__buf *b) {
+   int v, b0 = stbtt__buf_peek8(b);
+   STBTT_assert(b0 >= 28);
+   if (b0 == 30) {
+      stbtt__buf_skip(b, 1);
+      while (b->cursor < b->size) {
+         v = stbtt__buf_get8(b);
+         if ((v & 0xF) == 0xF || (v >> 4) == 0xF)
+            break;
+      }
+   } else {
+      stbtt__cff_int(b);
+   }
+}
+
+static stbtt__buf stbtt__dict_get(stbtt__buf *b, int key)
+{
+   stbtt__buf_seek(b, 0);
+   while (b->cursor < b->size) {
+      int start = b->cursor, end, op;
+      while (stbtt__buf_peek8(b) >= 28)
+         stbtt__cff_skip_operand(b);
+      end = b->cursor;
+      op = stbtt__buf_get8(b);
+      if (op == 12)  op = stbtt__buf_get8(b) | 0x100;
+      if (op == key) return stbtt__buf_range(b, start, end-start);
+   }
+   return stbtt__buf_range(b, 0, 0);
+}
+
+static void stbtt__dict_get_ints(stbtt__buf *b, int key, int outcount, stbtt_uint32 *out)
+{
+   int i;
+   stbtt__buf operands = stbtt__dict_get(b, key);
+   for (i = 0; i < outcount && operands.cursor < operands.size; i++)
+      out[i] = stbtt__cff_int(&operands);
+}
+
+static int stbtt__cff_index_count(stbtt__buf *b)
+{
+   stbtt__buf_seek(b, 0);
+   return stbtt__buf_get16(b);
+}
+
+static stbtt__buf stbtt__cff_index_get(stbtt__buf b, int i)
+{
+   int count, offsize, start, end;
+   stbtt__buf_seek(&b, 0);
+   count = stbtt__buf_get16(&b);
+   offsize = stbtt__buf_get8(&b);
+   STBTT_assert(i >= 0 && i < count);
+   STBTT_assert(offsize >= 1 && offsize <= 4);
+   stbtt__buf_skip(&b, i*offsize);
+   start = stbtt__buf_get(&b, offsize);
+   end = stbtt__buf_get(&b, offsize);
+   return stbtt__buf_range(&b, 2+(count+1)*offsize+start, end - start);
+}
+
+//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+//
+// accessors to parse data from file
+//
+
+// on platforms that don't allow misaligned reads, if we want to allow
+// truetype fonts that aren't padded to alignment, define ALLOW_UNALIGNED_TRUETYPE
+
+#define ttBYTE(p)     (* (stbtt_uint8 *) (p))
+#define ttCHAR(p)     (* (stbtt_int8 *) (p))
+#define ttFixed(p)    ttLONG(p)
+
+static stbtt_uint16 ttUSHORT(stbtt_uint8 *p) { return p[0]*256 + p[1]; }
+static stbtt_int16 ttSHORT(stbtt_uint8 *p)   { return p[0]*256 + p[1]; }
+static stbtt_uint32 ttULONG(stbtt_uint8 *p)  { return (p[0]<<24) + (p[1]<<16) + (p[2]<<8) + p[3]; }
+static stbtt_int32 ttLONG(stbtt_uint8 *p)    { return (p[0]<<24) + (p[1]<<16) + (p[2]<<8) + p[3]; }
+
+#define stbtt_tag4(p,c0,c1,c2,c3) ((p)[0] == (c0) && (p)[1] == (c1) && (p)[2] == (c2) && (p)[3] == (c3))
+#define stbtt_tag(p,str)           stbtt_tag4(p,str[0],str[1],str[2],str[3])
+
+static int stbtt__isfont(stbtt_uint8 *font)
+{
+   // check the version number
+   if (stbtt_tag4(font, '1',0,0,0))  return 1; // TrueType 1
+   if (stbtt_tag(font, "typ1"))   return 1; // TrueType with type 1 font -- we don't support this!
+   if (stbtt_tag(font, "OTTO"))   return 1; // OpenType with CFF
+   if (stbtt_tag4(font, 0,1,0,0)) return 1; // OpenType 1.0
+   if (stbtt_tag(font, "true"))   return 1; // Apple specification for TrueType fonts
+   return 0;
+}
+
+// @OPTIMIZE: binary search
+static stbtt_uint32 stbtt__find_table(stbtt_uint8 *data, stbtt_uint32 fontstart, const char *tag)
+{
+   stbtt_int32 num_tables = ttUSHORT(data+fontstart+4);
+   stbtt_uint32 tabledir = fontstart + 12;
+   stbtt_int32 i;
+   for (i=0; i < num_tables; ++i) {
+      stbtt_uint32 loc = tabledir + 16*i;
+      if (stbtt_tag(data+loc+0, tag))
+         return ttULONG(data+loc+8);
+   }
+   return 0;
+}
+
+static int stbtt_GetFontOffsetForIndex_internal(unsigned char *font_collection, int index)
+{
+   // if it's just a font, there's only one valid index
+   if (stbtt__isfont(font_collection))
+      return index == 0 ? 0 : -1;
+
+   // check if it's a TTC
+   if (stbtt_tag(font_collection, "ttcf")) {
+      // version 1?
+      if (ttULONG(font_collection+4) == 0x00010000 || ttULONG(font_collection+4) == 0x00020000) {
+         stbtt_int32 n = ttLONG(font_collection+8);
+         if (index >= n)
+            return -1;
+         return ttULONG(font_collection+12+index*4);
+      }
+   }
+   return -1;
+}
+
+static int stbtt_GetNumberOfFonts_internal(unsigned char *font_collection)
+{
+   // if it's just a font, there's only one valid font
+   if (stbtt__isfont(font_collection))
+      return 1;
+
+   // check if it's a TTC
+   if (stbtt_tag(font_collection, "ttcf")) {
+      // version 1?
+      if (ttULONG(font_collection+4) == 0x00010000 || ttULONG(font_collection+4) == 0x00020000) {
+         return ttLONG(font_collection+8);
+      }
+   }
+   return 0;
+}
+
+static stbtt__buf stbtt__get_subrs(stbtt__buf cff, stbtt__buf fontdict)
+{
+   stbtt_uint32 subrsoff = 0, private_loc[2] = { 0, 0 };
+   stbtt__buf pdict;
+   stbtt__dict_get_ints(&fontdict, 18, 2, private_loc);
+   if (!private_loc[1] || !private_loc[0]) return stbtt__new_buf(NULL, 0);
+   pdict = stbtt__buf_range(&cff, private_loc[1], private_loc[0]);
+   stbtt__dict_get_ints(&pdict, 19, 1, &subrsoff);
+   if (!subrsoff) return stbtt__new_buf(NULL, 0);
+   stbtt__buf_seek(&cff, private_loc[1]+subrsoff);
+   return stbtt__cff_get_index(&cff);
+}
+
+// since most people won't use this, find this table the first time it's needed
+static int stbtt__get_svg(stbtt_fontinfo *info)
+{
+   stbtt_uint32 t;
+   if (info->svg < 0) {
+      t = stbtt__find_table(info->data, info->fontstart, "SVG ");
+      if (t) {
+         stbtt_uint32 offset = ttULONG(info->data + t + 2);
+         info->svg = t + offset;
+      } else {
+         info->svg = 0;
+      }
+   }
+   return info->svg;
+}
+
+static int stbtt_InitFont_internal(stbtt_fontinfo *info, unsigned char *data, int fontstart)
+{
+   stbtt_uint32 cmap, t;
+   stbtt_int32 i,numTables;
+
+   info->data = data;
+   info->fontstart = fontstart;
+   info->cff = stbtt__new_buf(NULL, 0);
+
+   cmap = stbtt__find_table(data, fontstart, "cmap");       // required
+   info->loca = stbtt__find_table(data, fontstart, "loca"); // required
+   info->head = stbtt__find_table(data, fontstart, "head"); // required
+   info->glyf = stbtt__find_table(data, fontstart, "glyf"); // required
+   info->hhea = stbtt__find_table(data, fontstart, "hhea"); // required
+   info->hmtx = stbtt__find_table(data, fontstart, "hmtx"); // required
+   info->kern = stbtt__find_table(data, fontstart, "kern"); // not required
+   info->gpos = stbtt__find_table(data, fontstart, "GPOS"); // not required
+
+   if (!cmap || !info->head || !info->hhea || !info->hmtx)
+      return 0;
+   if (info->glyf) {
+      // required for truetype
+      if (!info->loca) return 0;
+   } else {
+      // initialization for CFF / Type2 fonts (OTF)
+      stbtt__buf b, topdict, topdictidx;
+      stbtt_uint32 cstype = 2, charstrings = 0, fdarrayoff = 0, fdselectoff = 0;
+      stbtt_uint32 cff;
+
+      cff = stbtt__find_table(data, fontstart, "CFF ");
+      if (!cff) return 0;
+
+      info->fontdicts = stbtt__new_buf(NULL, 0);
+      info->fdselect = stbtt__new_buf(NULL, 0);
+
+      // @TODO this should use size from table (not 512MB)
+      info->cff = stbtt__new_buf(data+cff, 512*1024*1024);
+      b = info->cff;
+
+      // read the header
+      stbtt__buf_skip(&b, 2);
+      stbtt__buf_seek(&b, stbtt__buf_get8(&b)); // hdrsize
+
+      // @TODO the name INDEX could list multiple fonts,
+      // but we just use the first one.
+      stbtt__cff_get_index(&b);  // name INDEX
+      topdictidx = stbtt__cff_get_index(&b);
+      topdict = stbtt__cff_index_get(topdictidx, 0);
+      stbtt__cff_get_index(&b);  // string INDEX
+      info->gsubrs = stbtt__cff_get_index(&b);
+
+      stbtt__dict_get_ints(&topdict, 17, 1, &charstrings);
+      stbtt__dict_get_ints(&topdict, 0x100 | 6, 1, &cstype);
+      stbtt__dict_get_ints(&topdict, 0x100 | 36, 1, &fdarrayoff);
+      stbtt__dict_get_ints(&topdict, 0x100 | 37, 1, &fdselectoff);
+      info->subrs = stbtt__get_subrs(b, topdict);
+
+      // we only support Type 2 charstrings
+      if (cstype != 2) return 0;
+      if (charstrings == 0) return 0;
+
+      if (fdarrayoff) {
+         // looks like a CID font
+         if (!fdselectoff) return 0;
+         stbtt__buf_seek(&b, fdarrayoff);
+         info->fontdicts = stbtt__cff_get_index(&b);
+         info->fdselect = stbtt__buf_range(&b, fdselectoff, b.size-fdselectoff);
+      }
+
+      stbtt__buf_seek(&b, charstrings);
+      info->charstrings = stbtt__cff_get_index(&b);
+   }
+
+   t = stbtt__find_table(data, fontstart, "maxp");
+   if (t)
+      info->numGlyphs = ttUSHORT(data+t+4);
+   else
+      info->numGlyphs = 0xffff;
+
+   info->svg = -1;
+
+   // find a cmap encoding table we understand *now* to avoid searching
+   // later. (todo: could make this installable)
+   // the same regardless of glyph.
+   numTables = ttUSHORT(data + cmap + 2);
+   info->index_map = 0;
+   for (i=0; i < numTables; ++i) {
+      stbtt_uint32 encoding_record = cmap + 4 + 8 * i;
+      // find an encoding we understand:
+      switch(ttUSHORT(data+encoding_record)) {
+         case STBTT_PLATFORM_ID_MICROSOFT:
+            switch (ttUSHORT(data+encoding_record+2)) {
+               case STBTT_MS_EID_UNICODE_BMP:
+               case STBTT_MS_EID_UNICODE_FULL:
+                  // MS/Unicode
+                  info->index_map = cmap + ttULONG(data+encoding_record+4);
+                  break;
+            }
+            break;
+        case STBTT_PLATFORM_ID_UNICODE:
+            // Mac/iOS has these
+            // all the encodingIDs are unicode, so we don't bother to check it
+            info->index_map = cmap + ttULONG(data+encoding_record+4);
+            break;
+      }
+   }
+   if (info->index_map == 0)
+      return 0;
+
+   info->indexToLocFormat = ttUSHORT(data+info->head + 50);
+   return 1;
+}
+
+STBTT_DEF int stbtt_FindGlyphIndex(const stbtt_fontinfo *info, int unicode_codepoint)
+{
+   stbtt_uint8 *data = info->data;
+   stbtt_uint32 index_map = info->index_map;
+
+   stbtt_uint16 format = ttUSHORT(data + index_map + 0);
+   if (format == 0) { // apple byte encoding
+      stbtt_int32 bytes = ttUSHORT(data + index_map + 2);
+      if (unicode_codepoint < bytes-6)
+         return ttBYTE(data + index_map + 6 + unicode_codepoint);
+      return 0;
+   } else if (format == 6) {
+      stbtt_uint32 first = ttUSHORT(data + index_map + 6);
+      stbtt_uint32 count = ttUSHORT(data + index_map + 8);
+      if ((stbtt_uint32) unicode_codepoint >= first && (stbtt_uint32) unicode_codepoint < first+count)
+         return ttUSHORT(data + index_map + 10 + (unicode_codepoint - first)*2);
+      return 0;
+   } else if (format == 2) {
+      STBTT_assert(0); // @TODO: high-byte mapping for japanese/chinese/korean
+      return 0;
+   } else if (format == 4) { // standard mapping for windows fonts: binary search collection of ranges
+      stbtt_uint16 segcount = ttUSHORT(data+index_map+6) >> 1;
+      stbtt_uint16 searchRange = ttUSHORT(data+index_map+8) >> 1;
+      stbtt_uint16 entrySelector = ttUSHORT(data+index_map+10);
+      stbtt_uint16 rangeShift = ttUSHORT(data+index_map+12) >> 1;
+
+      // do a binary search of the segments
+      stbtt_uint32 endCount = index_map + 14;
+      stbtt_uint32 search = endCount;
+
+      if (unicode_codepoint > 0xffff)
+         return 0;
+
+      // they lie from endCount .. endCount + segCount
+      // but searchRange is the nearest power of two, so...
+      if (unicode_codepoint >= ttUSHORT(data + search + rangeShift*2))
+         search += rangeShift*2;
+
+      // now decrement to bias correctly to find smallest
+      search -= 2;
+      while (entrySelector) {
+         stbtt_uint16 end;
+         searchRange >>= 1;
+         end = ttUSHORT(data + search + searchRange*2);
+         if (unicode_codepoint > end)
+            search += searchRange*2;
+         --entrySelector;
+      }
+      search += 2;
+
+      {
+         stbtt_uint16 offset, start, last;
+         stbtt_uint16 item = (stbtt_uint16) ((search - endCount) >> 1);
+
+         start = ttUSHORT(data + index_map + 14 + segcount*2 + 2 + 2*item);
+         last = ttUSHORT(data + endCount + 2*item);
+         if (unicode_codepoint < start || unicode_codepoint > last)
+            return 0;
+
+         offset = ttUSHORT(data + index_map + 14 + segcount*6 + 2 + 2*item);
+         if (offset == 0)
+            return (stbtt_uint16) (unicode_codepoint + ttSHORT(data + index_map + 14 + segcount*4 + 2 + 2*item));
+
+         return ttUSHORT(data + offset + (unicode_codepoint-start)*2 + index_map + 14 + segcount*6 + 2 + 2*item);
+      }
+   } else if (format == 12 || format == 13) {
+      stbtt_uint32 ngroups = ttULONG(data+index_map+12);
+      stbtt_int32 low,high;
+      low = 0; high = (stbtt_int32)ngroups;
+      // Binary search the right group.
+      while (low < high) {
+         stbtt_int32 mid = low + ((high-low) >> 1); // rounds down, so low <= mid < high
+         stbtt_uint32 start_char = ttULONG(data+index_map+16+mid*12);
+         stbtt_uint32 end_char = ttULONG(data+index_map+16+mid*12+4);
+         if ((stbtt_uint32) unicode_codepoint < start_char)
+            high = mid;
+         else if ((stbtt_uint32) unicode_codepoint > end_char)
+            low = mid+1;
+         else {
+            stbtt_uint32 start_glyph = ttULONG(data+index_map+16+mid*12+8);
+            if (format == 12)
+               return start_glyph + unicode_codepoint-start_char;
+            else // format == 13
+               return start_glyph;
+         }
+      }
+      return 0; // not found
+   }
+   // @TODO
+   STBTT_assert(0);
+   return 0;
+}
+
+STBTT_DEF int stbtt_GetCodepointShape(const stbtt_fontinfo *info, int unicode_codepoint, stbtt_vertex **vertices)
+{
+   return stbtt_GetGlyphShape(info, stbtt_FindGlyphIndex(info, unicode_codepoint), vertices);
+}
+
+static void stbtt_setvertex(stbtt_vertex *v, stbtt_uint8 type, stbtt_int32 x, stbtt_int32 y, stbtt_int32 cx, stbtt_int32 cy)
+{
+   v->type = type;
+   v->x = (stbtt_int16) x;
+   v->y = (stbtt_int16) y;
+   v->cx = (stbtt_int16) cx;
+   v->cy = (stbtt_int16) cy;
+}
+
+static int stbtt__GetGlyfOffset(const stbtt_fontinfo *info, int glyph_index)
+{
+   int g1,g2;
+
+   STBTT_assert(!info->cff.size);
+
+   if (glyph_index >= info->numGlyphs) return -1; // glyph index out of range
+   if (info->indexToLocFormat >= 2)    return -1; // unknown index->glyph map format
+
+   if (info->indexToLocFormat == 0) {
+      g1 = info->glyf + ttUSHORT(info->data + info->loca + glyph_index * 2) * 2;
+      g2 = info->glyf + ttUSHORT(info->data + info->loca + glyph_index * 2 + 2) * 2;
+   } else {
+      g1 = info->glyf + ttULONG (info->data + info->loca + glyph_index * 4);
+      g2 = info->glyf + ttULONG (info->data + info->loca + glyph_index * 4 + 4);
+   }
+
+   return g1==g2 ? -1 : g1; // if length is 0, return -1
+}
+
+static int stbtt__GetGlyphInfoT2(const stbtt_fontinfo *info, int glyph_index, int *x0, int *y0, int *x1, int *y1);
+
+STBTT_DEF int stbtt_GetGlyphBox(const stbtt_fontinfo *info, int glyph_index, int *x0, int *y0, int *x1, int *y1)
+{
+   if (info->cff.size) {
+      stbtt__GetGlyphInfoT2(info, glyph_index, x0, y0, x1, y1);
+   } else {
+      int g = stbtt__GetGlyfOffset(info, glyph_index);
+      if (g < 0) return 0;
+
+      if (x0) *x0 = ttSHORT(info->data + g + 2);
+      if (y0) *y0 = ttSHORT(info->data + g + 4);
+      if (x1) *x1 = ttSHORT(info->data + g + 6);
+      if (y1) *y1 = ttSHORT(info->data + g + 8);
+   }
+   return 1;
+}
+
+STBTT_DEF int stbtt_GetCodepointBox(const stbtt_fontinfo *info, int codepoint, int *x0, int *y0, int *x1, int *y1)
+{
+   return stbtt_GetGlyphBox(info, stbtt_FindGlyphIndex(info,codepoint), x0,y0,x1,y1);
+}
+
+STBTT_DEF int stbtt_IsGlyphEmpty(const stbtt_fontinfo *info, int glyph_index)
+{
+   stbtt_int16 numberOfContours;
+   int g;
+   if (info->cff.size)
+      return stbtt__GetGlyphInfoT2(info, glyph_index, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL) == 0;
+   g = stbtt__GetGlyfOffset(info, glyph_index);
+   if (g < 0) return 1;
+   numberOfContours = ttSHORT(info->data + g);
+   return numberOfContours == 0;
+}
+
+static int stbtt__close_shape(stbtt_vertex *vertices, int num_vertices, int was_off, int start_off,
+    stbtt_int32 sx, stbtt_int32 sy, stbtt_int32 scx, stbtt_int32 scy, stbtt_int32 cx, stbtt_int32 cy)
+{
+   if (start_off) {
+      if (was_off)
+         stbtt_setvertex(&vertices[num_vertices++], STBTT_vcurve, (cx+scx)>>1, (cy+scy)>>1, cx,cy);
+      stbtt_setvertex(&vertices[num_vertices++], STBTT_vcurve, sx,sy,scx,scy);
+   } else {
+      if (was_off)
+         stbtt_setvertex(&vertices[num_vertices++], STBTT_vcurve,sx,sy,cx,cy);
+      else
+         stbtt_setvertex(&vertices[num_vertices++], STBTT_vline,sx,sy,0,0);
+   }
+   return num_vertices;
+}
+
+static int stbtt__GetGlyphShapeTT(const stbtt_fontinfo *info, int glyph_index, stbtt_vertex **pvertices)
+{
+   stbtt_int16 numberOfContours;
+   stbtt_uint8 *endPtsOfContours;
+   stbtt_uint8 *data = info->data;
+   stbtt_vertex *vertices=0;
+   int num_vertices=0;
+   int g = stbtt__GetGlyfOffset(info, glyph_index);
+
+   *pvertices = NULL;
+
+   if (g < 0) return 0;
+
+   numberOfContours = ttSHORT(data + g);
+
+   if (numberOfContours > 0) {
+      stbtt_uint8 flags=0,flagcount;
+      stbtt_int32 ins, i,j=0,m,n, next_move, was_off=0, off, start_off=0;
+      stbtt_int32 x,y,cx,cy,sx,sy, scx,scy;
+      stbtt_uint8 *points;
+      endPtsOfContours = (data + g + 10);
+      ins = ttUSHORT(data + g + 10 + numberOfContours * 2);
+      points = data + g + 10 + numberOfContours * 2 + 2 + ins;
+
+      n = 1+ttUSHORT(endPtsOfContours + numberOfContours*2-2);
+
+      m = n + 2*numberOfContours;  // a loose bound on how many vertices we might need
+      vertices = (stbtt_vertex *) STBTT_malloc(m * sizeof(vertices[0]), info->userdata);
+      if (vertices == 0)
+         return 0;
+
+      next_move = 0;
+      flagcount=0;
+
+      // in first pass, we load uninterpreted data into the allocated array
+      // above, shifted to the end of the array so we won't overwrite it when
+      // we create our final data starting from the front
+
+      off = m - n; // starting offset for uninterpreted data, regardless of how m ends up being calculated
+
+      // first load flags
+
+      for (i=0; i < n; ++i) {
+         if (flagcount == 0) {
+            flags = *points++;
+            if (flags & 8)
+               flagcount = *points++;
+         } else
+            --flagcount;
+         vertices[off+i].type = flags;
+      }
+
+      // now load x coordinates
+      x=0;
+      for (i=0; i < n; ++i) {
+         flags = vertices[off+i].type;
+         if (flags & 2) {
+            stbtt_int16 dx = *points++;
+            x += (flags & 16) ? dx : -dx; // ???
+         } else {
+            if (!(flags & 16)) {
+               x = x + (stbtt_int16) (points[0]*256 + points[1]);
+               points += 2;
+            }
+         }
+         vertices[off+i].x = (stbtt_int16) x;
+      }
+
+      // now load y coordinates
+      y=0;
+      for (i=0; i < n; ++i) {
+         flags = vertices[off+i].type;
+         if (flags & 4) {
+            stbtt_int16 dy = *points++;
+            y += (flags & 32) ? dy : -dy; // ???
+         } else {
+            if (!(flags & 32)) {
+               y = y + (stbtt_int16) (points[0]*256 + points[1]);
+               points += 2;
+            }
+         }
+         vertices[off+i].y = (stbtt_int16) y;
+      }
+
+      // now convert them to our format
+      num_vertices=0;
+      sx = sy = cx = cy = scx = scy = 0;
+      for (i=0; i < n; ++i) {
+         flags = vertices[off+i].type;
+         x     = (stbtt_int16) vertices[off+i].x;
+         y     = (stbtt_int16) vertices[off+i].y;
+
+         if (next_move == i) {
+            if (i != 0)
+               num_vertices = stbtt__close_shape(vertices, num_vertices, was_off, start_off, sx,sy,scx,scy,cx,cy);
+
+            // now start the new one
+            start_off = !(flags & 1);
+            if (start_off) {
+               // if we start off with an off-curve point, then when we need to find a point on the curve
+               // where we can start, and we need to save some state for when we wraparound.
+               scx = x;
+               scy = y;
+               if (!(vertices[off+i+1].type & 1)) {
+                  // next point is also a curve point, so interpolate an on-point curve
+                  sx = (x + (stbtt_int32) vertices[off+i+1].x) >> 1;
+                  sy = (y + (stbtt_int32) vertices[off+i+1].y) >> 1;
+               } else {
+                  // otherwise just use the next point as our start point
+                  sx = (stbtt_int32) vertices[off+i+1].x;
+                  sy = (stbtt_int32) vertices[off+i+1].y;
+                  ++i; // we're using point i+1 as the starting point, so skip it
+               }
+            } else {
+               sx = x;
+               sy = y;
+            }
+            stbtt_setvertex(&vertices[num_vertices++], STBTT_vmove,sx,sy,0,0);
+            was_off = 0;
+            next_move = 1 + ttUSHORT(endPtsOfContours+j*2);
+            ++j;
+         } else {
+            if (!(flags & 1)) { // if it's a curve
+               if (was_off) // two off-curve control points in a row means interpolate an on-curve midpoint
+                  stbtt_setvertex(&vertices[num_vertices++], STBTT_vcurve, (cx+x)>>1, (cy+y)>>1, cx, cy);
+               cx = x;
+               cy = y;
+               was_off = 1;
+            } else {
+               if (was_off)
+                  stbtt_setvertex(&vertices[num_vertices++], STBTT_vcurve, x,y, cx, cy);
+               else
+                  stbtt_setvertex(&vertices[num_vertices++], STBTT_vline, x,y,0,0);
+               was_off = 0;
+            }
+         }
+      }
+      num_vertices = stbtt__close_shape(vertices, num_vertices, was_off, start_off, sx,sy,scx,scy,cx,cy);
+   } else if (numberOfContours < 0) {
+      // Compound shapes.
+      int more = 1;
+      stbtt_uint8 *comp = data + g + 10;
+      num_vertices = 0;
+      vertices = 0;
+      while (more) {
+         stbtt_uint16 flags, gidx;
+         int comp_num_verts = 0, i;
+         stbtt_vertex *comp_verts = 0, *tmp = 0;
+         float mtx[6] = {1,0,0,1,0,0}, m, n;
+
+         flags = ttSHORT(comp); comp+=2;
+         gidx = ttSHORT(comp); comp+=2;
+
+         if (flags & 2) { // XY values
+            if (flags & 1) { // shorts
+               mtx[4] = ttSHORT(comp); comp+=2;
+               mtx[5] = ttSHORT(comp); comp+=2;
+            } else {
+               mtx[4] = ttCHAR(comp); comp+=1;
+               mtx[5] = ttCHAR(comp); comp+=1;
+            }
+         }
+         else {
+            // @TODO handle matching point
+            STBTT_assert(0);
+         }
+         if (flags & (1<<3)) { // WE_HAVE_A_SCALE
+            mtx[0] = mtx[3] = ttSHORT(comp)/16384.0f; comp+=2;
+            mtx[1] = mtx[2] = 0;
+         } else if (flags & (1<<6)) { // WE_HAVE_AN_X_AND_YSCALE
+            mtx[0] = ttSHORT(comp)/16384.0f; comp+=2;
+            mtx[1] = mtx[2] = 0;
+            mtx[3] = ttSHORT(comp)/16384.0f; comp+=2;
+         } else if (flags & (1<<7)) { // WE_HAVE_A_TWO_BY_TWO
+            mtx[0] = ttSHORT(comp)/16384.0f; comp+=2;
+            mtx[1] = ttSHORT(comp)/16384.0f; comp+=2;
+            mtx[2] = ttSHORT(comp)/16384.0f; comp+=2;
+            mtx[3] = ttSHORT(comp)/16384.0f; comp+=2;
+         }
+
+         // Find transformation scales.
+         m = (float) STBTT_sqrt(mtx[0]*mtx[0] + mtx[1]*mtx[1]);
+         n = (float) STBTT_sqrt(mtx[2]*mtx[2] + mtx[3]*mtx[3]);
+
+         // Get indexed glyph.
+         comp_num_verts = stbtt_GetGlyphShape(info, gidx, &comp_verts);
+         if (comp_num_verts > 0) {
+            // Transform vertices.
+            for (i = 0; i < comp_num_verts; ++i) {
+               stbtt_vertex* v = &comp_verts[i];
+               stbtt_vertex_type x,y;
+               x=v->x; y=v->y;
+               v->x = (stbtt_vertex_type)(m * (mtx[0]*x + mtx[2]*y + mtx[4]));
+               v->y = (stbtt_vertex_type)(n * (mtx[1]*x + mtx[3]*y + mtx[5]));
+               x=v->cx; y=v->cy;
+               v->cx = (stbtt_vertex_type)(m * (mtx[0]*x + mtx[2]*y + mtx[4]));
+               v->cy = (stbtt_vertex_type)(n * (mtx[1]*x + mtx[3]*y + mtx[5]));
+            }
+            // Append vertices.
+            tmp = (stbtt_vertex*)STBTT_malloc((num_vertices+comp_num_verts)*sizeof(stbtt_vertex), info->userdata);
+            if (!tmp) {
+               if (vertices) STBTT_free(vertices, info->userdata);
+               if (comp_verts) STBTT_free(comp_verts, info->userdata);
+               return 0;
+            }
+            if (num_vertices > 0 && vertices) STBTT_memcpy(tmp, vertices, num_vertices*sizeof(stbtt_vertex));
+            STBTT_memcpy(tmp+num_vertices, comp_verts, comp_num_verts*sizeof(stbtt_vertex));
+            if (vertices) STBTT_free(vertices, info->userdata);
+            vertices = tmp;
+            STBTT_free(comp_verts, info->userdata);
+            num_vertices += comp_num_verts;
+         }
+         // More components ?
+         more = flags & (1<<5);
+      }
+   } else {
+      // numberOfCounters == 0, do nothing
+   }
+
+   *pvertices = vertices;
+   return num_vertices;
+}
+
+typedef struct
+{
+   int bounds;
+   int started;
+   float first_x, first_y;
+   float x, y;
+   stbtt_int32 min_x, max_x, min_y, max_y;
+
+   stbtt_vertex *pvertices;
+   int num_vertices;
+} stbtt__csctx;
+
+#define STBTT__CSCTX_INIT(bounds) {bounds,0, 0,0, 0,0, 0,0,0,0, NULL, 0}
+
+static void stbtt__track_vertex(stbtt__csctx *c, stbtt_int32 x, stbtt_int32 y)
+{
+   if (x > c->max_x || !c->started) c->max_x = x;
+   if (y > c->max_y || !c->started) c->max_y = y;
+   if (x < c->min_x || !c->started) c->min_x = x;
+   if (y < c->min_y || !c->started) c->min_y = y;
+   c->started = 1;
+}
+
+static void stbtt__csctx_v(stbtt__csctx *c, stbtt_uint8 type, stbtt_int32 x, stbtt_int32 y, stbtt_int32 cx, stbtt_int32 cy, stbtt_int32 cx1, stbtt_int32 cy1)
+{
+   if (c->bounds) {
+      stbtt__track_vertex(c, x, y);
+      if (type == STBTT_vcubic) {
+         stbtt__track_vertex(c, cx, cy);
+         stbtt__track_vertex(c, cx1, cy1);
+      }
+   } else {
+      stbtt_setvertex(&c->pvertices[c->num_vertices], type, x, y, cx, cy);
+      c->pvertices[c->num_vertices].cx1 = (stbtt_int16) cx1;
+      c->pvertices[c->num_vertices].cy1 = (stbtt_int16) cy1;
+   }
+   c->num_vertices++;
+}
+
+static void stbtt__csctx_close_shape(stbtt__csctx *ctx)
+{
+   if (ctx->first_x != ctx->x || ctx->first_y != ctx->y)
+      stbtt__csctx_v(ctx, STBTT_vline, (int)ctx->first_x, (int)ctx->first_y, 0, 0, 0, 0);
+}
+
+static void stbtt__csctx_rmove_to(stbtt__csctx *ctx, float dx, float dy)
+{
+   stbtt__csctx_close_shape(ctx);
+   ctx->first_x = ctx->x = ctx->x + dx;
+   ctx->first_y = ctx->y = ctx->y + dy;
+   stbtt__csctx_v(ctx, STBTT_vmove, (int)ctx->x, (int)ctx->y, 0, 0, 0, 0);
+}
+
+static void stbtt__csctx_rline_to(stbtt__csctx *ctx, float dx, float dy)
+{
+   ctx->x += dx;
+   ctx->y += dy;
+   stbtt__csctx_v(ctx, STBTT_vline, (int)ctx->x, (int)ctx->y, 0, 0, 0, 0);
+}
+
+static void stbtt__csctx_rccurve_to(stbtt__csctx *ctx, float dx1, float dy1, float dx2, float dy2, float dx3, float dy3)
+{
+   float cx1 = ctx->x + dx1;
+   float cy1 = ctx->y + dy1;
+   float cx2 = cx1 + dx2;
+   float cy2 = cy1 + dy2;
+   ctx->x = cx2 + dx3;
+   ctx->y = cy2 + dy3;
+   stbtt__csctx_v(ctx, STBTT_vcubic, (int)ctx->x, (int)ctx->y, (int)cx1, (int)cy1, (int)cx2, (int)cy2);
+}
+
+static stbtt__buf stbtt__get_subr(stbtt__buf idx, int n)
+{
+   int count = stbtt__cff_index_count(&idx);
+   int bias = 107;
+   if (count >= 33900)
+      bias = 32768;
+   else if (count >= 1240)
+      bias = 1131;
+   n += bias;
+   if (n < 0 || n >= count)
+      return stbtt__new_buf(NULL, 0);
+   return stbtt__cff_index_get(idx, n);
+}
+
+static stbtt__buf stbtt__cid_get_glyph_subrs(const stbtt_fontinfo *info, int glyph_index)
+{
+   stbtt__buf fdselect = info->fdselect;
+   int nranges, start, end, v, fmt, fdselector = -1, i;
+
+   stbtt__buf_seek(&fdselect, 0);
+   fmt = stbtt__buf_get8(&fdselect);
+   if (fmt == 0) {
+      // untested
+      stbtt__buf_skip(&fdselect, glyph_index);
+      fdselector = stbtt__buf_get8(&fdselect);
+   } else if (fmt == 3) {
+      nranges = stbtt__buf_get16(&fdselect);
+      start = stbtt__buf_get16(&fdselect);
+      for (i = 0; i < nranges; i++) {
+         v = stbtt__buf_get8(&fdselect);
+         end = stbtt__buf_get16(&fdselect);
+         if (glyph_index >= start && glyph_index < end) {
+            fdselector = v;
+            break;
+         }
+         start = end;
+      }
+   }
+   if (fdselector == -1) stbtt__new_buf(NULL, 0);
+   return stbtt__get_subrs(info->cff, stbtt__cff_index_get(info->fontdicts, fdselector));
+}
+
+static int stbtt__run_charstring(const stbtt_fontinfo *info, int glyph_index, stbtt__csctx *c)
+{
+   int in_header = 1, maskbits = 0, subr_stack_height = 0, sp = 0, v, i, b0;
+   int has_subrs = 0, clear_stack;
+   float s[48];
+   stbtt__buf subr_stack[10], subrs = info->subrs, b;
+   float f;
+
+#define STBTT__CSERR(s) (0)
+
+   // this currently ignores the initial width value, which isn't needed if we have hmtx
+   b = stbtt__cff_index_get(info->charstrings, glyph_index);
+   while (b.cursor < b.size) {
+      i = 0;
+      clear_stack = 1;
+      b0 = stbtt__buf_get8(&b);
+      switch (b0) {
+      // @TODO implement hinting
+      case 0x13: // hintmask
+      case 0x14: // cntrmask
+         if (in_header)
+            maskbits += (sp / 2); // implicit "vstem"
+         in_header = 0;
+         stbtt__buf_skip(&b, (maskbits + 7) / 8);
+         break;
+
+      case 0x01: // hstem
+      case 0x03: // vstem
+      case 0x12: // hstemhm
+      case 0x17: // vstemhm
+         maskbits += (sp / 2);
+         break;
+
+      case 0x15: // rmoveto
+         in_header = 0;
+         if (sp < 2) return STBTT__CSERR("rmoveto stack");
+         stbtt__csctx_rmove_to(c, s[sp-2], s[sp-1]);
+         break;
+      case 0x04: // vmoveto
+         in_header = 0;
+         if (sp < 1) return STBTT__CSERR("vmoveto stack");
+         stbtt__csctx_rmove_to(c, 0, s[sp-1]);
+         break;
+      case 0x16: // hmoveto
+         in_header = 0;
+         if (sp < 1) return STBTT__CSERR("hmoveto stack");
+         stbtt__csctx_rmove_to(c, s[sp-1], 0);
+         break;
+
+      case 0x05: // rlineto
+         if (sp < 2) return STBTT__CSERR("rlineto stack");
+         for (; i + 1 < sp; i += 2)
+            stbtt__csctx_rline_to(c, s[i], s[i+1]);
+         break;
+
+      // hlineto/vlineto and vhcurveto/hvcurveto alternate horizontal and vertical
+      // starting from a different place.
+
+      case 0x07: // vlineto
+         if (sp < 1) return STBTT__CSERR("vlineto stack");
+         goto vlineto;
+      case 0x06: // hlineto
+         if (sp < 1) return STBTT__CSERR("hlineto stack");
+         for (;;) {
+            if (i >= sp) break;
+            stbtt__csctx_rline_to(c, s[i], 0);
+            i++;
+      vlineto:
+            if (i >= sp) break;
+            stbtt__csctx_rline_to(c, 0, s[i]);
+            i++;
+         }
+         break;
+
+      case 0x1F: // hvcurveto
+         if (sp < 4) return STBTT__CSERR("hvcurveto stack");
+         goto hvcurveto;
+      case 0x1E: // vhcurveto
+         if (sp < 4) return STBTT__CSERR("vhcurveto stack");
+         for (;;) {
+            if (i + 3 >= sp) break;
+            stbtt__csctx_rccurve_to(c, 0, s[i], s[i+1], s[i+2], s[i+3], (sp - i == 5) ? s[i + 4] : 0.0f);
+            i += 4;
+      hvcurveto:
+            if (i + 3 >= sp) break;
+            stbtt__csctx_rccurve_to(c, s[i], 0, s[i+1], s[i+2], (sp - i == 5) ? s[i+4] : 0.0f, s[i+3]);
+            i += 4;
+         }
+         break;
+
+      case 0x08: // rrcurveto
+         if (sp < 6) return STBTT__CSERR("rcurveline stack");
+         for (; i + 5 < sp; i += 6)
+            stbtt__csctx_rccurve_to(c, s[i], s[i+1], s[i+2], s[i+3], s[i+4], s[i+5]);
+         break;
+
+      case 0x18: // rcurveline
+         if (sp < 8) return STBTT__CSERR("rcurveline stack");
+         for (; i + 5 < sp - 2; i += 6)
+            stbtt__csctx_rccurve_to(c, s[i], s[i+1], s[i+2], s[i+3], s[i+4], s[i+5]);
+         if (i + 1 >= sp) return STBTT__CSERR("rcurveline stack");
+         stbtt__csctx_rline_to(c, s[i], s[i+1]);
+         break;
+
+      case 0x19: // rlinecurve
+         if (sp < 8) return STBTT__CSERR("rlinecurve stack");
+         for (; i + 1 < sp - 6; i += 2)
+            stbtt__csctx_rline_to(c, s[i], s[i+1]);
+         if (i + 5 >= sp) return STBTT__CSERR("rlinecurve stack");
+         stbtt__csctx_rccurve_to(c, s[i], s[i+1], s[i+2], s[i+3], s[i+4], s[i+5]);
+         break;
+
+      case 0x1A: // vvcurveto
+      case 0x1B: // hhcurveto
+         if (sp < 4) return STBTT__CSERR("(vv|hh)curveto stack");
+         f = 0.0;
+         if (sp & 1) { f = s[i]; i++; }
+         for (; i + 3 < sp; i += 4) {
+            if (b0 == 0x1B)
+               stbtt__csctx_rccurve_to(c, s[i], f, s[i+1], s[i+2], s[i+3], 0.0);
+            else
+               stbtt__csctx_rccurve_to(c, f, s[i], s[i+1], s[i+2], 0.0, s[i+3]);
+            f = 0.0;
+         }
+         break;
+
+      case 0x0A: // callsubr
+         if (!has_subrs) {
+            if (info->fdselect.size)
+               subrs = stbtt__cid_get_glyph_subrs(info, glyph_index);
+            has_subrs = 1;
+         }
+         // FALLTHROUGH
+      case 0x1D: // callgsubr
+         if (sp < 1) return STBTT__CSERR("call(g|)subr stack");
+         v = (int) s[--sp];
+         if (subr_stack_height >= 10) return STBTT__CSERR("recursion limit");
+         subr_stack[subr_stack_height++] = b;
+         b = stbtt__get_subr(b0 == 0x0A ? subrs : info->gsubrs, v);
+         if (b.size == 0) return STBTT__CSERR("subr not found");
+         b.cursor = 0;
+         clear_stack = 0;
+         break;
+
+      case 0x0B: // return
+         if (subr_stack_height <= 0) return STBTT__CSERR("return outside subr");
+         b = subr_stack[--subr_stack_height];
+         clear_stack = 0;
+         break;
+
+      case 0x0E: // endchar
+         stbtt__csctx_close_shape(c);
+         return 1;
+
+      case 0x0C: { // two-byte escape
+         float dx1, dx2, dx3, dx4, dx5, dx6, dy1, dy2, dy3, dy4, dy5, dy6;
+         float dx, dy;
+         int b1 = stbtt__buf_get8(&b);
+         switch (b1) {
+         // @TODO These "flex" implementations ignore the flex-depth and resolution,
+         // and always draw beziers.
+         case 0x22: // hflex
+            if (sp < 7) return STBTT__CSERR("hflex stack");
+            dx1 = s[0];
+            dx2 = s[1];
+            dy2 = s[2];
+            dx3 = s[3];
+            dx4 = s[4];
+            dx5 = s[5];
+            dx6 = s[6];
+            stbtt__csctx_rccurve_to(c, dx1, 0, dx2, dy2, dx3, 0);
+            stbtt__csctx_rccurve_to(c, dx4, 0, dx5, -dy2, dx6, 0);
+            break;
+
+         case 0x23: // flex
+            if (sp < 13) return STBTT__CSERR("flex stack");
+            dx1 = s[0];
+            dy1 = s[1];
+            dx2 = s[2];
+            dy2 = s[3];
+            dx3 = s[4];
+            dy3 = s[5];
+            dx4 = s[6];
+            dy4 = s[7];
+            dx5 = s[8];
+            dy5 = s[9];
+            dx6 = s[10];
+            dy6 = s[11];
+            //fd is s[12]
+            stbtt__csctx_rccurve_to(c, dx1, dy1, dx2, dy2, dx3, dy3);
+            stbtt__csctx_rccurve_to(c, dx4, dy4, dx5, dy5, dx6, dy6);
+            break;
+
+         case 0x24: // hflex1
+            if (sp < 9) return STBTT__CSERR("hflex1 stack");
+            dx1 = s[0];
+            dy1 = s[1];
+            dx2 = s[2];
+            dy2 = s[3];
+            dx3 = s[4];
+            dx4 = s[5];
+            dx5 = s[6];
+            dy5 = s[7];
+            dx6 = s[8];
+            stbtt__csctx_rccurve_to(c, dx1, dy1, dx2, dy2, dx3, 0);
+            stbtt__csctx_rccurve_to(c, dx4, 0, dx5, dy5, dx6, -(dy1+dy2+dy5));
+            break;
+
+         case 0x25: // flex1
+            if (sp < 11) return STBTT__CSERR("flex1 stack");
+            dx1 = s[0];
+            dy1 = s[1];
+            dx2 = s[2];
+            dy2 = s[3];
+            dx3 = s[4];
+            dy3 = s[5];
+            dx4 = s[6];
+            dy4 = s[7];
+            dx5 = s[8];
+            dy5 = s[9];
+            dx6 = dy6 = s[10];
+            dx = dx1+dx2+dx3+dx4+dx5;
+            dy = dy1+dy2+dy3+dy4+dy5;
+            if (STBTT_fabs(dx) > STBTT_fabs(dy))
+               dy6 = -dy;
+            else
+               dx6 = -dx;
+            stbtt__csctx_rccurve_to(c, dx1, dy1, dx2, dy2, dx3, dy3);
+            stbtt__csctx_rccurve_to(c, dx4, dy4, dx5, dy5, dx6, dy6);
+            break;
+
+         default:
+            return STBTT__CSERR("unimplemented");
+         }
+      } break;
+
+      default:
+         if (b0 != 255 && b0 != 28 && b0 < 32)
+            return STBTT__CSERR("reserved operator");
+
+         // push immediate
+         if (b0 == 255) {
+            f = (float)(stbtt_int32)stbtt__buf_get32(&b) / 0x10000;
+         } else {
+            stbtt__buf_skip(&b, -1);
+            f = (float)(stbtt_int16)stbtt__cff_int(&b);
+         }
+         if (sp >= 48) return STBTT__CSERR("push stack overflow");
+         s[sp++] = f;
+         clear_stack = 0;
+         break;
+      }
+      if (clear_stack) sp = 0;
+   }
+   return STBTT__CSERR("no endchar");
+
+#undef STBTT__CSERR
+}
+
+static int stbtt__GetGlyphShapeT2(const stbtt_fontinfo *info, int glyph_index, stbtt_vertex **pvertices)
+{
+   // runs the charstring twice, once to count and once to output (to avoid realloc)
+   stbtt__csctx count_ctx = STBTT__CSCTX_INIT(1);
+   stbtt__csctx output_ctx = STBTT__CSCTX_INIT(0);
+   if (stbtt__run_charstring(info, glyph_index, &count_ctx)) {
+      *pvertices = (stbtt_vertex*)STBTT_malloc(count_ctx.num_vertices*sizeof(stbtt_vertex), info->userdata);
+      output_ctx.pvertices = *pvertices;
+      if (stbtt__run_charstring(info, glyph_index, &output_ctx)) {
+         STBTT_assert(output_ctx.num_vertices == count_ctx.num_vertices);
+         return output_ctx.num_vertices;
+      }
+   }
+   *pvertices = NULL;
+   return 0;
+}
+
+static int stbtt__GetGlyphInfoT2(const stbtt_fontinfo *info, int glyph_index, int *x0, int *y0, int *x1, int *y1)
+{
+   stbtt__csctx c = STBTT__CSCTX_INIT(1);
+   int r = stbtt__run_charstring(info, glyph_index, &c);
+   if (x0)  *x0 = r ? c.min_x : 0;
+   if (y0)  *y0 = r ? c.min_y : 0;
+   if (x1)  *x1 = r ? c.max_x : 0;
+   if (y1)  *y1 = r ? c.max_y : 0;
+   return r ? c.num_vertices : 0;
+}
+
+STBTT_DEF int stbtt_GetGlyphShape(const stbtt_fontinfo *info, int glyph_index, stbtt_vertex **pvertices)
+{
+   if (!info->cff.size)
+      return stbtt__GetGlyphShapeTT(info, glyph_index, pvertices);
+   else
+      return stbtt__GetGlyphShapeT2(info, glyph_index, pvertices);
+}
+
+STBTT_DEF void stbtt_GetGlyphHMetrics(const stbtt_fontinfo *info, int glyph_index, int *advanceWidth, int *leftSideBearing)
+{
+   stbtt_uint16 numOfLongHorMetrics = ttUSHORT(info->data+info->hhea + 34);
+   if (glyph_index < numOfLongHorMetrics) {
+      if (advanceWidth)     *advanceWidth    = ttSHORT(info->data + info->hmtx + 4*glyph_index);
+      if (leftSideBearing)  *leftSideBearing = ttSHORT(info->data + info->hmtx + 4*glyph_index + 2);
+   } else {
+      if (advanceWidth)     *advanceWidth    = ttSHORT(info->data + info->hmtx + 4*(numOfLongHorMetrics-1));
+      if (leftSideBearing)  *leftSideBearing = ttSHORT(info->data + info->hmtx + 4*numOfLongHorMetrics + 2*(glyph_index - numOfLongHorMetrics));
+   }
+}
+
+STBTT_DEF int  stbtt_GetKerningTableLength(const stbtt_fontinfo *info)
+{
+   stbtt_uint8 *data = info->data + info->kern;
+
+   // we only look at the first table. it must be 'horizontal' and format 0.
+   if (!info->kern)
+      return 0;
+   if (ttUSHORT(data+2) < 1) // number of tables, need at least 1
+      return 0;
+   if (ttUSHORT(data+8) != 1) // horizontal flag must be set in format
+      return 0;
+
+   return ttUSHORT(data+10);
+}
+
+STBTT_DEF int stbtt_GetKerningTable(const stbtt_fontinfo *info, stbtt_kerningentry* table, int table_length)
+{
+   stbtt_uint8 *data = info->data + info->kern;
+   int k, length;
+
+   // we only look at the first table. it must be 'horizontal' and format 0.
+   if (!info->kern)
+      return 0;
+   if (ttUSHORT(data+2) < 1) // number of tables, need at least 1
+      return 0;
+   if (ttUSHORT(data+8) != 1) // horizontal flag must be set in format
+      return 0;
+
+   length = ttUSHORT(data+10);
+   if (table_length < length)
+      length = table_length;
+
+   for (k = 0; k < length; k++)
+   {
+      table[k].glyph1 = ttUSHORT(data+18+(k*6));
+      table[k].glyph2 = ttUSHORT(data+20+(k*6));
+      table[k].advance = ttSHORT(data+22+(k*6));
+   }
+
+   return length;
+}
+
+static int stbtt__GetGlyphKernInfoAdvance(const stbtt_fontinfo *info, int glyph1, int glyph2)
+{
+   stbtt_uint8 *data = info->data + info->kern;
+   stbtt_uint32 needle, straw;
+   int l, r, m;
+
+   // we only look at the first table. it must be 'horizontal' and format 0.
+   if (!info->kern)
+      return 0;
+   if (ttUSHORT(data+2) < 1) // number of tables, need at least 1
+      return 0;
+   if (ttUSHORT(data+8) != 1) // horizontal flag must be set in format
+      return 0;
+
+   l = 0;
+   r = ttUSHORT(data+10) - 1;
+   needle = glyph1 << 16 | glyph2;
+   while (l <= r) {
+      m = (l + r) >> 1;
+      straw = ttULONG(data+18+(m*6)); // note: unaligned read
+      if (needle < straw)
+         r = m - 1;
+      else if (needle > straw)
+         l = m + 1;
+      else
+         return ttSHORT(data+22+(m*6));
+   }
+   return 0;
+}
+
+static stbtt_int32 stbtt__GetCoverageIndex(stbtt_uint8 *coverageTable, int glyph)
+{
+   stbtt_uint16 coverageFormat = ttUSHORT(coverageTable);
+   switch (coverageFormat) {
+      case 1: {
+         stbtt_uint16 glyphCount = ttUSHORT(coverageTable + 2);
+
+         // Binary search.
+         stbtt_int32 l=0, r=glyphCount-1, m;
+         int straw, needle=glyph;
+         while (l <= r) {
+            stbtt_uint8 *glyphArray = coverageTable + 4;
+            stbtt_uint16 glyphID;
+            m = (l + r) >> 1;
+            glyphID = ttUSHORT(glyphArray + 2 * m);
+            straw = glyphID;
+            if (needle < straw)
+               r = m - 1;
+            else if (needle > straw)
+               l = m + 1;
+            else {
+               return m;
+            }
+         }
+         break;
+      }
+
+      case 2: {
+         stbtt_uint16 rangeCount = ttUSHORT(coverageTable + 2);
+         stbtt_uint8 *rangeArray = coverageTable + 4;
+
+         // Binary search.
+         stbtt_int32 l=0, r=rangeCount-1, m;
+         int strawStart, strawEnd, needle=glyph;
+         while (l <= r) {
+            stbtt_uint8 *rangeRecord;
+            m = (l + r) >> 1;
+            rangeRecord = rangeArray + 6 * m;
+            strawStart = ttUSHORT(rangeRecord);
+            strawEnd = ttUSHORT(rangeRecord + 2);
+            if (needle < strawStart)
+               r = m - 1;
+            else if (needle > strawEnd)
+               l = m + 1;
+            else {
+               stbtt_uint16 startCoverageIndex = ttUSHORT(rangeRecord + 4);
+               return startCoverageIndex + glyph - strawStart;
+            }
+         }
+         break;
+      }
+
+      default: return -1; // unsupported
+   }
+
+   return -1;
+}
+
+static stbtt_int32  stbtt__GetGlyphClass(stbtt_uint8 *classDefTable, int glyph)
+{
+   stbtt_uint16 classDefFormat = ttUSHORT(classDefTable);
+   switch (classDefFormat)
+   {
+      case 1: {
+         stbtt_uint16 startGlyphID = ttUSHORT(classDefTable + 2);
+         stbtt_uint16 glyphCount = ttUSHORT(classDefTable + 4);
+         stbtt_uint8 *classDef1ValueArray = classDefTable + 6;
+
+         if (glyph >= startGlyphID && glyph < startGlyphID + glyphCount)
+            return (stbtt_int32)ttUSHORT(classDef1ValueArray + 2 * (glyph - startGlyphID));
+         break;
+      }
+
+      case 2: {
+         stbtt_uint16 classRangeCount = ttUSHORT(classDefTable + 2);
+         stbtt_uint8 *classRangeRecords = classDefTable + 4;
+
+         // Binary search.
+         stbtt_int32 l=0, r=classRangeCount-1, m;
+         int strawStart, strawEnd, needle=glyph;
+         while (l <= r) {
+            stbtt_uint8 *classRangeRecord;
+            m = (l + r) >> 1;
+            classRangeRecord = classRangeRecords + 6 * m;
+            strawStart = ttUSHORT(classRangeRecord);
+            strawEnd = ttUSHORT(classRangeRecord + 2);
+            if (needle < strawStart)
+               r = m - 1;
+            else if (needle > strawEnd)
+               l = m + 1;
+            else
+               return (stbtt_int32)ttUSHORT(classRangeRecord + 4);
+         }
+         break;
+      }
+
+      default:
+         return -1; // Unsupported definition type, return an error.
+   }
+
+   // "All glyphs not assigned to a class fall into class 0". (OpenType spec)
+   return 0;
+}
+
+// Define to STBTT_assert(x) if you want to break on unimplemented formats.
+#define STBTT_GPOS_TODO_assert(x)
+
+static stbtt_int32 stbtt__GetGlyphGPOSInfoAdvance(const stbtt_fontinfo *info, int glyph1, int glyph2)
+{
+   stbtt_uint16 lookupListOffset;
+   stbtt_uint8 *lookupList;
+   stbtt_uint16 lookupCount;
+   stbtt_uint8 *data;
+   stbtt_int32 i, sti;
+
+   if (!info->gpos) return 0;
+
+   data = info->data + info->gpos;
+
+   if (ttUSHORT(data+0) != 1) return 0; // Major version 1
+   if (ttUSHORT(data+2) != 0) return 0; // Minor version 0
+
+   lookupListOffset = ttUSHORT(data+8);
+   lookupList = data + lookupListOffset;
+   lookupCount = ttUSHORT(lookupList);
+
+   for (i=0; i<lookupCount; ++i) {
+      stbtt_uint16 lookupOffset = ttUSHORT(lookupList + 2 + 2 * i);
+      stbtt_uint8 *lookupTable = lookupList + lookupOffset;
+
+      stbtt_uint16 lookupType = ttUSHORT(lookupTable);
+      stbtt_uint16 subTableCount = ttUSHORT(lookupTable + 4);
+      stbtt_uint8 *subTableOffsets = lookupTable + 6;
+      if (lookupType != 2) // Pair Adjustment Positioning Subtable
+         continue;
+
+      for (sti=0; sti<subTableCount; sti++) {
+         stbtt_uint16 subtableOffset = ttUSHORT(subTableOffsets + 2 * sti);
+         stbtt_uint8 *table = lookupTable + subtableOffset;
+         stbtt_uint16 posFormat = ttUSHORT(table);
+         stbtt_uint16 coverageOffset = ttUSHORT(table + 2);
+         stbtt_int32 coverageIndex = stbtt__GetCoverageIndex(table + coverageOffset, glyph1);
+         if (coverageIndex == -1) continue;
+
+         switch (posFormat) {
+            case 1: {
+               stbtt_int32 l, r, m;
+               int straw, needle;
+               stbtt_uint16 valueFormat1 = ttUSHORT(table + 4);
+               stbtt_uint16 valueFormat2 = ttUSHORT(table + 6);
+               if (valueFormat1 == 4 && valueFormat2 == 0) { // Support more formats?
+                  stbtt_int32 valueRecordPairSizeInBytes = 2;
+                  stbtt_uint16 pairSetCount = ttUSHORT(table + 8);
+                  stbtt_uint16 pairPosOffset = ttUSHORT(table + 10 + 2 * coverageIndex);
+                  stbtt_uint8 *pairValueTable = table + pairPosOffset;
+                  stbtt_uint16 pairValueCount = ttUSHORT(pairValueTable);
+                  stbtt_uint8 *pairValueArray = pairValueTable + 2;
+
+                  if (coverageIndex >= pairSetCount) return 0;
+
+                  needle=glyph2;
+                  r=pairValueCount-1;
+                  l=0;
+
+                  // Binary search.
+                  while (l <= r) {
+                     stbtt_uint16 secondGlyph;
+                     stbtt_uint8 *pairValue;
+                     m = (l + r) >> 1;
+                     pairValue = pairValueArray + (2 + valueRecordPairSizeInBytes) * m;
+                     secondGlyph = ttUSHORT(pairValue);
+                     straw = secondGlyph;
+                     if (needle < straw)
+                        r = m - 1;
+                     else if (needle > straw)
+                        l = m + 1;
+                     else {
+                        stbtt_int16 xAdvance = ttSHORT(pairValue + 2);
+                        return xAdvance;
+                     }
+                  }
+               } else
+                  return 0;
+               break;
+            }
+
+            case 2: {
+               stbtt_uint16 valueFormat1 = ttUSHORT(table + 4);
+               stbtt_uint16 valueFormat2 = ttUSHORT(table + 6);
+               if (valueFormat1 == 4 && valueFormat2 == 0) { // Support more formats?
+                  stbtt_uint16 classDef1Offset = ttUSHORT(table + 8);
+                  stbtt_uint16 classDef2Offset = ttUSHORT(table + 10);
+                  int glyph1class = stbtt__GetGlyphClass(table + classDef1Offset, glyph1);
+                  int glyph2class = stbtt__GetGlyphClass(table + classDef2Offset, glyph2);
+
+                  stbtt_uint16 class1Count = ttUSHORT(table + 12);
+                  stbtt_uint16 class2Count = ttUSHORT(table + 14);
+                  stbtt_uint8 *class1Records, *class2Records;
+                  stbtt_int16 xAdvance;
+
+                  if (glyph1class < 0 || glyph1class >= class1Count) return 0; // malformed
+                  if (glyph2class < 0 || glyph2class >= class2Count) return 0; // malformed
+
+                  class1Records = table + 16;
+                  class2Records = class1Records + 2 * (glyph1class * class2Count);
+                  xAdvance = ttSHORT(class2Records + 2 * glyph2class);
+                  return xAdvance;
+               } else
+                  return 0;
+               break;
+            }
+
+            default:
+               return 0; // Unsupported position format
+         }
+      }
+   }
+
+   return 0;
+}
+
+STBTT_DEF int  stbtt_GetGlyphKernAdvance(const stbtt_fontinfo *info, int g1, int g2)
+{
+   int xAdvance = 0;
+
+   if (info->gpos)
+      xAdvance += stbtt__GetGlyphGPOSInfoAdvance(info, g1, g2);
+   else if (info->kern)
+      xAdvance += stbtt__GetGlyphKernInfoAdvance(info, g1, g2);
+
+   return xAdvance;
+}
+
+STBTT_DEF int  stbtt_GetCodepointKernAdvance(const stbtt_fontinfo *info, int ch1, int ch2)
+{
+   if (!info->kern && !info->gpos) // if no kerning table, don't waste time looking up both codepoint->glyphs
+      return 0;
+   return stbtt_GetGlyphKernAdvance(info, stbtt_FindGlyphIndex(info,ch1), stbtt_FindGlyphIndex(info,ch2));
+}
+
+STBTT_DEF void stbtt_GetCodepointHMetrics(const stbtt_fontinfo *info, int codepoint, int *advanceWidth, int *leftSideBearing)
+{
+   stbtt_GetGlyphHMetrics(info, stbtt_FindGlyphIndex(info,codepoint), advanceWidth, leftSideBearing);
+}
+
+STBTT_DEF void stbtt_GetFontVMetrics(const stbtt_fontinfo *info, int *ascent, int *descent, int *lineGap)
+{
+   if (ascent ) *ascent  = ttSHORT(info->data+info->hhea + 4);
+   if (descent) *descent = ttSHORT(info->data+info->hhea + 6);
+   if (lineGap) *lineGap = ttSHORT(info->data+info->hhea + 8);
+}
+
+STBTT_DEF int  stbtt_GetFontVMetricsOS2(const stbtt_fontinfo *info, int *typoAscent, int *typoDescent, int *typoLineGap)
+{
+   int tab = stbtt__find_table(info->data, info->fontstart, "OS/2");
+   if (!tab)
+      return 0;
+   if (typoAscent ) *typoAscent  = ttSHORT(info->data+tab + 68);
+   if (typoDescent) *typoDescent = ttSHORT(info->data+tab + 70);
+   if (typoLineGap) *typoLineGap = ttSHORT(info->data+tab + 72);
+   return 1;
+}
+
+STBTT_DEF void stbtt_GetFontBoundingBox(const stbtt_fontinfo *info, int *x0, int *y0, int *x1, int *y1)
+{
+   *x0 = ttSHORT(info->data + info->head + 36);
+   *y0 = ttSHORT(info->data + info->head + 38);
+   *x1 = ttSHORT(info->data + info->head + 40);
+   *y1 = ttSHORT(info->data + info->head + 42);
+}
+
+STBTT_DEF float stbtt_ScaleForPixelHeight(const stbtt_fontinfo *info, float height)
+{
+   int fheight = ttSHORT(info->data + info->hhea + 4) - ttSHORT(info->data + info->hhea + 6);
+   return (float) height / fheight;
+}
+
+STBTT_DEF float stbtt_ScaleForMappingEmToPixels(const stbtt_fontinfo *info, float pixels)
+{
+   int unitsPerEm = ttUSHORT(info->data + info->head + 18);
+   return pixels / unitsPerEm;
+}
+
+STBTT_DEF void stbtt_FreeShape(const stbtt_fontinfo *info, stbtt_vertex *v)
+{
+   STBTT_free(v, info->userdata);
+}
+
+STBTT_DEF stbtt_uint8 *stbtt_FindSVGDoc(const stbtt_fontinfo *info, int gl)
+{
+   int i;
+   stbtt_uint8 *data = info->data;
+   stbtt_uint8 *svg_doc_list = data + stbtt__get_svg((stbtt_fontinfo *) info);
+
+   int numEntries = ttUSHORT(svg_doc_list);
+   stbtt_uint8 *svg_docs = svg_doc_list + 2;
+
+   for(i=0; i<numEntries; i++) {
+      stbtt_uint8 *svg_doc = svg_docs + (12 * i);
+      if ((gl >= ttUSHORT(svg_doc)) && (gl <= ttUSHORT(svg_doc + 2)))
+         return svg_doc;
+   }
+   return 0;
+}
+
+STBTT_DEF int stbtt_GetGlyphSVG(const stbtt_fontinfo *info, int gl, const char **svg)
+{
+   stbtt_uint8 *data = info->data;
+   stbtt_uint8 *svg_doc;
+
+   if (info->svg == 0)
+      return 0;
+
+   svg_doc = stbtt_FindSVGDoc(info, gl);
+   if (svg_doc != NULL) {
+      *svg = (char *) data + info->svg + ttULONG(svg_doc + 4);
+      return ttULONG(svg_doc + 8);
+   } else {
+      return 0;
+   }
+}
+
+STBTT_DEF int stbtt_GetCodepointSVG(const stbtt_fontinfo *info, int unicode_codepoint, const char **svg)
+{
+   return stbtt_GetGlyphSVG(info, stbtt_FindGlyphIndex(info, unicode_codepoint), svg);
+}
+
+//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+//
+// antialiasing software rasterizer
+//
+
+STBTT_DEF void stbtt_GetGlyphBitmapBoxSubpixel(const stbtt_fontinfo *font, int glyph, float scale_x, float scale_y,float shift_x, float shift_y, int *ix0, int *iy0, int *ix1, int *iy1)
+{
+   int x0=0,y0=0,x1,y1; // =0 suppresses compiler warning
+   if (!stbtt_GetGlyphBox(font, glyph, &x0,&y0,&x1,&y1)) {
+      // e.g. space character
+      if (ix0) *ix0 = 0;
+      if (iy0) *iy0 = 0;
+      if (ix1) *ix1 = 0;
+      if (iy1) *iy1 = 0;
+   } else {
+      // move to integral bboxes (treating pixels as little squares, what pixels get touched)?
+      if (ix0) *ix0 = STBTT_ifloor( x0 * scale_x + shift_x);
+      if (iy0) *iy0 = STBTT_ifloor(-y1 * scale_y + shift_y);
+      if (ix1) *ix1 = STBTT_iceil ( x1 * scale_x + shift_x);
+      if (iy1) *iy1 = STBTT_iceil (-y0 * scale_y + shift_y);
+   }
+}
+
+STBTT_DEF void stbtt_GetGlyphBitmapBox(const stbtt_fontinfo *font, int glyph, float scale_x, float scale_y, int *ix0, int *iy0, int *ix1, int *iy1)
+{
+   stbtt_GetGlyphBitmapBoxSubpixel(font, glyph, scale_x, scale_y,0.0f,0.0f, ix0, iy0, ix1, iy1);
+}
+
+STBTT_DEF void stbtt_GetCodepointBitmapBoxSubpixel(const stbtt_fontinfo *font, int codepoint, float scale_x, float scale_y, float shift_x, float shift_y, int *ix0, int *iy0, int *ix1, int *iy1)
+{
+   stbtt_GetGlyphBitmapBoxSubpixel(font, stbtt_FindGlyphIndex(font,codepoint), scale_x, scale_y,shift_x,shift_y, ix0,iy0,ix1,iy1);
+}
+
+STBTT_DEF void stbtt_GetCodepointBitmapBox(const stbtt_fontinfo *font, int codepoint, float scale_x, float scale_y, int *ix0, int *iy0, int *ix1, int *iy1)
+{
+   stbtt_GetCodepointBitmapBoxSubpixel(font, codepoint, scale_x, scale_y,0.0f,0.0f, ix0,iy0,ix1,iy1);
+}
+
+//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+//
+//  Rasterizer
+
+typedef struct stbtt__hheap_chunk
+{
+   struct stbtt__hheap_chunk *next;
+} stbtt__hheap_chunk;
+
+typedef struct stbtt__hheap
+{
+   struct stbtt__hheap_chunk *head;
+   void   *first_free;
+   int    num_remaining_in_head_chunk;
+} stbtt__hheap;
+
+static void *stbtt__hheap_alloc(stbtt__hheap *hh, size_t size, void *userdata)
+{
+   if (hh->first_free) {
+      void *p = hh->first_free;
+      hh->first_free = * (void **) p;
+      return p;
+   } else {
+      if (hh->num_remaining_in_head_chunk == 0) {
+         int count = (size < 32 ? 2000 : size < 128 ? 800 : 100);
+         stbtt__hheap_chunk *c = (stbtt__hheap_chunk *) STBTT_malloc(sizeof(stbtt__hheap_chunk) + size * count, userdata);
+         if (c == NULL)
+            return NULL;
+         c->next = hh->head;
+         hh->head = c;
+         hh->num_remaining_in_head_chunk = count;
+      }
+      --hh->num_remaining_in_head_chunk;
+      return (char *) (hh->head) + sizeof(stbtt__hheap_chunk) + size * hh->num_remaining_in_head_chunk;
+   }
+}
+
+static void stbtt__hheap_free(stbtt__hheap *hh, void *p)
+{
+   *(void **) p = hh->first_free;
+   hh->first_free = p;
+}
+
+static void stbtt__hheap_cleanup(stbtt__hheap *hh, void *userdata)
+{
+   stbtt__hheap_chunk *c = hh->head;
+   while (c) {
+      stbtt__hheap_chunk *n = c->next;
+      STBTT_free(c, userdata);
+      c = n;
+   }
+}
+
+typedef struct stbtt__edge {
+   float x0,y0, x1,y1;
+   int invert;
+} stbtt__edge;
+
+
+typedef struct stbtt__active_edge
+{
+   struct stbtt__active_edge *next;
+   #if STBTT_RASTERIZER_VERSION==1
+   int x,dx;
+   float ey;
+   int direction;
+   #elif STBTT_RASTERIZER_VERSION==2
+   float fx,fdx,fdy;
+   float direction;
+   float sy;
+   float ey;
+   #else
+   #error "Unrecognized value of STBTT_RASTERIZER_VERSION"
+   #endif
+} stbtt__active_edge;
+
+#if STBTT_RASTERIZER_VERSION == 1
+#define STBTT_FIXSHIFT   10
+#define STBTT_FIX        (1 << STBTT_FIXSHIFT)
+#define STBTT_FIXMASK    (STBTT_FIX-1)
+
+static stbtt__active_edge *stbtt__new_active(stbtt__hheap *hh, stbtt__edge *e, int off_x, float start_point, void *userdata)
+{
+   stbtt__active_edge *z = (stbtt__active_edge *) stbtt__hheap_alloc(hh, sizeof(*z), userdata);
+   float dxdy = (e->x1 - e->x0) / (e->y1 - e->y0);
+   STBTT_assert(z != NULL);
+   if (!z) return z;
+
+   // round dx down to avoid overshooting
+   if (dxdy < 0)
+      z->dx = -STBTT_ifloor(STBTT_FIX * -dxdy);
+   else
+      z->dx = STBTT_ifloor(STBTT_FIX * dxdy);
+
+   z->x = STBTT_ifloor(STBTT_FIX * e->x0 + z->dx * (start_point - e->y0)); // use z->dx so when we offset later it's by the same amount
+   z->x -= off_x * STBTT_FIX;
+
+   z->ey = e->y1;
+   z->next = 0;
+   z->direction = e->invert ? 1 : -1;
+   return z;
+}
+#elif STBTT_RASTERIZER_VERSION == 2
+static stbtt__active_edge *stbtt__new_active(stbtt__hheap *hh, stbtt__edge *e, int off_x, float start_point, void *userdata)
+{
+   stbtt__active_edge *z = (stbtt__active_edge *) stbtt__hheap_alloc(hh, sizeof(*z), userdata);
+   float dxdy = (e->x1 - e->x0) / (e->y1 - e->y0);
+   STBTT_assert(z != NULL);
+   //STBTT_assert(e->y0 <= start_point);
+   if (!z) return z;
+   z->fdx = dxdy;
+   z->fdy = dxdy != 0.0f ? (1.0f/dxdy) : 0.0f;
+   z->fx = e->x0 + dxdy * (start_point - e->y0);
+   z->fx -= off_x;
+   z->direction = e->invert ? 1.0f : -1.0f;
+   z->sy = e->y0;
+   z->ey = e->y1;
+   z->next = 0;
+   return z;
+}
+#else
+#error "Unrecognized value of STBTT_RASTERIZER_VERSION"
+#endif
+
+#if STBTT_RASTERIZER_VERSION == 1
+// note: this routine clips fills that extend off the edges... ideally this
+// wouldn't happen, but it could happen if the truetype glyph bounding boxes
+// are wrong, or if the user supplies a too-small bitmap
+static void stbtt__fill_active_edges(unsigned char *scanline, int len, stbtt__active_edge *e, int max_weight)
+{
+   // non-zero winding fill
+   int x0=0, w=0;
+
+   while (e) {
+      if (w == 0) {
+         // if we're currently at zero, we need to record the edge start point
+         x0 = e->x; w += e->direction;
+      } else {
+         int x1 = e->x; w += e->direction;
+         // if we went to zero, we need to draw
+         if (w == 0) {
+            int i = x0 >> STBTT_FIXSHIFT;
+            int j = x1 >> STBTT_FIXSHIFT;
+
+            if (i < len && j >= 0) {
+               if (i == j) {
+                  // x0,x1 are the same pixel, so compute combined coverage
+                  scanline[i] = scanline[i] + (stbtt_uint8) ((x1 - x0) * max_weight >> STBTT_FIXSHIFT);
+               } else {
+                  if (i >= 0) // add antialiasing for x0
+                     scanline[i] = scanline[i] + (stbtt_uint8) (((STBTT_FIX - (x0 & STBTT_FIXMASK)) * max_weight) >> STBTT_FIXSHIFT);
+                  else
+                     i = -1; // clip
+
+                  if (j < len) // add antialiasing for x1
+                     scanline[j] = scanline[j] + (stbtt_uint8) (((x1 & STBTT_FIXMASK) * max_weight) >> STBTT_FIXSHIFT);
+                  else
+                     j = len; // clip
+
+                  for (++i; i < j; ++i) // fill pixels between x0 and x1
+                     scanline[i] = scanline[i] + (stbtt_uint8) max_weight;
+               }
+            }
+         }
+      }
+
+      e = e->next;
+   }
+}
+
+static void stbtt__rasterize_sorted_edges(stbtt__bitmap *result, stbtt__edge *e, int n, int vsubsample, int off_x, int off_y, void *userdata)
+{
+   stbtt__hheap hh = { 0, 0, 0 };
+   stbtt__active_edge *active = NULL;
+   int y,j=0;
+   int max_weight = (255 / vsubsample);  // weight per vertical scanline
+   int s; // vertical subsample index
+   unsigned char scanline_data[512], *scanline;
+
+   if (result->w > 512)
+      scanline = (unsigned char *) STBTT_malloc(result->w, userdata);
+   else
+      scanline = scanline_data;
+
+   y = off_y * vsubsample;
+   e[n].y0 = (off_y + result->h) * (float) vsubsample + 1;
+
+   while (j < result->h) {
+      STBTT_memset(scanline, 0, result->w);
+      for (s=0; s < vsubsample; ++s) {
+         // find center of pixel for this scanline
+         float scan_y = y + 0.5f;
+         stbtt__active_edge **step = &active;
+
+         // update all active edges;
+         // remove all active edges that terminate before the center of this scanline
+         while (*step) {
+            stbtt__active_edge * z = *step;
+            if (z->ey <= scan_y) {
+               *step = z->next; // delete from list
+               STBTT_assert(z->direction);
+               z->direction = 0;
+               stbtt__hheap_free(&hh, z);
+            } else {
+               z->x += z->dx; // advance to position for current scanline
+               step = &((*step)->next); // advance through list
+            }
+         }
+
+         // resort the list if needed
+         for(;;) {
+            int changed=0;
+            step = &active;
+            while (*step && (*step)->next) {
+               if ((*step)->x > (*step)->next->x) {
+                  stbtt__active_edge *t = *step;
+                  stbtt__active_edge *q = t->next;
+
+                  t->next = q->next;
+                  q->next = t;
+                  *step = q;
+                  changed = 1;
+               }
+               step = &(*step)->next;
+            }
+            if (!changed) break;
+         }
+
+         // insert all edges that start before the center of this scanline -- omit ones that also end on this scanline
+         while (e->y0 <= scan_y) {
+            if (e->y1 > scan_y) {
+               stbtt__active_edge *z = stbtt__new_active(&hh, e, off_x, scan_y, userdata);
+               if (z != NULL) {
+                  // find insertion point
+                  if (active == NULL)
+                     active = z;
+                  else if (z->x < active->x) {
+                     // insert at front
+                     z->next = active;
+                     active = z;
+                  } else {
+                     // find thing to insert AFTER
+                     stbtt__active_edge *p = active;
+                     while (p->next && p->next->x < z->x)
+                        p = p->next;
+                     // at this point, p->next->x is NOT < z->x
+                     z->next = p->next;
+                     p->next = z;
+                  }
+               }
+            }
+            ++e;
+         }
+
+         // now process all active edges in XOR fashion
+         if (active)
+            stbtt__fill_active_edges(scanline, result->w, active, max_weight);
+
+         ++y;
+      }
+      STBTT_memcpy(result->pixels + j * result->stride, scanline, result->w);
+      ++j;
+   }
+
+   stbtt__hheap_cleanup(&hh, userdata);
+
+   if (scanline != scanline_data)
+      STBTT_free(scanline, userdata);
+}
+
+#elif STBTT_RASTERIZER_VERSION == 2
+
+// the edge passed in here does not cross the vertical line at x or the vertical line at x+1
+// (i.e. it has already been clipped to those)
+static void stbtt__handle_clipped_edge(float *scanline, int x, stbtt__active_edge *e, float x0, float y0, float x1, float y1)
+{
+   if (y0 == y1) return;
+   STBTT_assert(y0 < y1);
+   STBTT_assert(e->sy <= e->ey);
+   if (y0 > e->ey) return;
+   if (y1 < e->sy) return;
+   if (y0 < e->sy) {
+      x0 += (x1-x0) * (e->sy - y0) / (y1-y0);
+      y0 = e->sy;
+   }
+   if (y1 > e->ey) {
+      x1 += (x1-x0) * (e->ey - y1) / (y1-y0);
+      y1 = e->ey;
+   }
+
+   if (x0 == x)
+      STBTT_assert(x1 <= x+1);
+   else if (x0 == x+1)
+      STBTT_assert(x1 >= x);
+   else if (x0 <= x)
+      STBTT_assert(x1 <= x);
+   else if (x0 >= x+1)
+      STBTT_assert(x1 >= x+1);
+   else
+      STBTT_assert(x1 >= x && x1 <= x+1);
+
+   if (x0 <= x && x1 <= x)
+      scanline[x] += e->direction * (y1-y0);
+   else if (x0 >= x+1 && x1 >= x+1)
+      ;
+   else {
+      STBTT_assert(x0 >= x && x0 <= x+1 && x1 >= x && x1 <= x+1);
+      scanline[x] += e->direction * (y1-y0) * (1-((x0-x)+(x1-x))/2); // coverage = 1 - average x position
+   }
+}
+
+static float stbtt__sized_trapezoid_area(float height, float top_width, float bottom_width)
+{
+   STBTT_assert(top_width >= 0);
+   STBTT_assert(bottom_width >= 0);
+   return (top_width + bottom_width) / 2.0f * height;
+}
+
+static float stbtt__position_trapezoid_area(float height, float tx0, float tx1, float bx0, float bx1)
+{
+   return stbtt__sized_trapezoid_area(height, tx1 - tx0, bx1 - bx0);
+}
+
+static float stbtt__sized_triangle_area(float height, float width)
+{
+   return height * width / 2;
+}
+
+static void stbtt__fill_active_edges_new(float *scanline, float *scanline_fill, int len, stbtt__active_edge *e, float y_top)
+{
+   float y_bottom = y_top+1;
+
+   while (e) {
+      // brute force every pixel
+
+      // compute intersection points with top & bottom
+      STBTT_assert(e->ey >= y_top);
+
+      if (e->fdx == 0) {
+         float x0 = e->fx;
+         if (x0 < len) {
+            if (x0 >= 0) {
+               stbtt__handle_clipped_edge(scanline,(int) x0,e, x0,y_top, x0,y_bottom);
+               stbtt__handle_clipped_edge(scanline_fill-1,(int) x0+1,e, x0,y_top, x0,y_bottom);
+            } else {
+               stbtt__handle_clipped_edge(scanline_fill-1,0,e, x0,y_top, x0,y_bottom);
+            }
+         }
+      } else {
+         float x0 = e->fx;
+         float dx = e->fdx;
+         float xb = x0 + dx;
+         float x_top, x_bottom;
+         float sy0,sy1;
+         float dy = e->fdy;
+         STBTT_assert(e->sy <= y_bottom && e->ey >= y_top);
+
+         // compute endpoints of line segment clipped to this scanline (if the
+         // line segment starts on this scanline. x0 is the intersection of the
+         // line with y_top, but that may be off the line segment.
+         if (e->sy > y_top) {
+            x_top = x0 + dx * (e->sy - y_top);
+            sy0 = e->sy;
+         } else {
+            x_top = x0;
+            sy0 = y_top;
+         }
+         if (e->ey < y_bottom) {
+            x_bottom = x0 + dx * (e->ey - y_top);
+            sy1 = e->ey;
+         } else {
+            x_bottom = xb;
+            sy1 = y_bottom;
+         }
+
+         if (x_top >= 0 && x_bottom >= 0 && x_top < len && x_bottom < len) {
+            // from here on, we don't have to range check x values
+
+            if ((int) x_top == (int) x_bottom) {
+               float height;
+               // simple case, only spans one pixel
+               int x = (int) x_top;
+               height = (sy1 - sy0) * e->direction;
+               STBTT_assert(x >= 0 && x < len);
+               scanline[x]      += stbtt__position_trapezoid_area(height, x_top, x+1.0f, x_bottom, x+1.0f);
+               scanline_fill[x] += height; // everything right of this pixel is filled
+            } else {
+               int x,x1,x2;
+               float y_crossing, y_final, step, sign, area;
+               // covers 2+ pixels
+               if (x_top > x_bottom) {
+                  // flip scanline vertically; signed area is the same
+                  float t;
+                  sy0 = y_bottom - (sy0 - y_top);
+                  sy1 = y_bottom - (sy1 - y_top);
+                  t = sy0, sy0 = sy1, sy1 = t;
+                  t = x_bottom, x_bottom = x_top, x_top = t;
+                  dx = -dx;
+                  dy = -dy;
+                  t = x0, x0 = xb, xb = t;
+               }
+               STBTT_assert(dy >= 0);
+               STBTT_assert(dx >= 0);
+
+               x1 = (int) x_top;
+               x2 = (int) x_bottom;
+               // compute intersection with y axis at x1+1
+               y_crossing = y_top + dy * (x1+1 - x0);
+
+               // compute intersection with y axis at x2
+               y_final = y_top + dy * (x2 - x0);
+
+               //           x1    x_top                            x2    x_bottom
+               //     y_top  +------|-----+------------+------------+--------|---+------------+
+               //            |            |            |            |            |            |
+               //            |            |            |            |            |            |
+               //       sy0  |      Txxxxx|............|............|............|............|
+               // y_crossing |            *xxxxx.......|............|............|............|
+               //            |            |     xxxxx..|............|............|............|
+               //            |            |     /-   xx*xxxx........|............|............|
+               //            |            | dy <       |    xxxxxx..|............|............|
+               //   y_final  |            |     \-     |          xx*xxx.........|............|
+               //       sy1  |            |            |            |   xxxxxB...|............|
+               //            |            |            |            |            |            |
+               //            |            |            |            |            |            |
+               //  y_bottom  +------------+------------+------------+------------+------------+
+               //
+               // goal is to measure the area covered by '.' in each pixel
+
+               // if x2 is right at the right edge of x1, y_crossing can blow up, github #1057
+               // @TODO: maybe test against sy1 rather than y_bottom?
+               if (y_crossing > y_bottom)
+                  y_crossing = y_bottom;
+
+               sign = e->direction;
+
+               // area of the rectangle covered from sy0..y_crossing
+               area = sign * (y_crossing-sy0);
+
+               // area of the triangle (x_top,sy0), (x1+1,sy0), (x1+1,y_crossing)
+               scanline[x1] += stbtt__sized_triangle_area(area, x1+1 - x_top);
+
+               // check if final y_crossing is blown up; no test case for this
+               if (y_final > y_bottom) {
+                  y_final = y_bottom;
+                  dy = (y_final - y_crossing ) / (x2 - (x1+1)); // if denom=0, y_final = y_crossing, so y_final <= y_bottom
+               }
+
+               // in second pixel, area covered by line segment found in first pixel
+               // is always a rectangle 1 wide * the height of that line segment; this
+               // is exactly what the variable 'area' stores. it also gets a contribution
+               // from the line segment within it. the THIRD pixel will get the first
+               // pixel's rectangle contribution, the second pixel's rectangle contribution,
+               // and its own contribution. the 'own contribution' is the same in every pixel except
+               // the leftmost and rightmost, a trapezoid that slides down in each pixel.
+               // the second pixel's contribution to the third pixel will be the
+               // rectangle 1 wide times the height change in the second pixel, which is dy.
+
+               step = sign * dy * 1; // dy is dy/dx, change in y for every 1 change in x,
+               // which multiplied by 1-pixel-width is how much pixel area changes for each step in x
+               // so the area advances by 'step' every time
+
+               for (x = x1+1; x < x2; ++x) {
+                  scanline[x] += area + step/2; // area of trapezoid is 1*step/2
+                  area += step;
+               }
+               STBTT_assert(STBTT_fabs(area) <= 1.01f); // accumulated error from area += step unless we round step down
+               STBTT_assert(sy1 > y_final-0.01f);
+
+               // area covered in the last pixel is the rectangle from all the pixels to the left,
+               // plus the trapezoid filled by the line segment in this pixel all the way to the right edge
+               scanline[x2] += area + sign * stbtt__position_trapezoid_area(sy1-y_final, (float) x2, x2+1.0f, x_bottom, x2+1.0f);
+
+               // the rest of the line is filled based on the total height of the line segment in this pixel
+               scanline_fill[x2] += sign * (sy1-sy0);
+            }
+         } else {
+            // if edge goes outside of box we're drawing, we require
+            // clipping logic. since this does not match the intended use
+            // of this library, we use a different, very slow brute
+            // force implementation
+            // note though that this does happen some of the time because
+            // x_top and x_bottom can be extrapolated at the top & bottom of
+            // the shape and actually lie outside the bounding box
+            int x;
+            for (x=0; x < len; ++x) {
+               // cases:
+               //
+               // there can be up to two intersections with the pixel. any intersection
+               // with left or right edges can be handled by splitting into two (or three)
+               // regions. intersections with top & bottom do not necessitate case-wise logic.
+               //
+               // the old way of doing this found the intersections with the left & right edges,
+               // then used some simple logic to produce up to three segments in sorted order
+               // from top-to-bottom. however, this had a problem: if an x edge was epsilon
+               // across the x border, then the corresponding y position might not be distinct
+               // from the other y segment, and it might ignored as an empty segment. to avoid
+               // that, we need to explicitly produce segments based on x positions.
+
+               // rename variables to clearly-defined pairs
+               float y0 = y_top;
+               float x1 = (float) (x);
+               float x2 = (float) (x+1);
+               float x3 = xb;
+               float y3 = y_bottom;
+
+               // x = e->x + e->dx * (y-y_top)
+               // (y-y_top) = (x - e->x) / e->dx
+               // y = (x - e->x) / e->dx + y_top
+               float y1 = (x - x0) / dx + y_top;
+               float y2 = (x+1 - x0) / dx + y_top;
+
+               if (x0 < x1 && x3 > x2) {         // three segments descending down-right
+                  stbtt__handle_clipped_edge(scanline,x,e, x0,y0, x1,y1);
+                  stbtt__handle_clipped_edge(scanline,x,e, x1,y1, x2,y2);
+                  stbtt__handle_clipped_edge(scanline,x,e, x2,y2, x3,y3);
+               } else if (x3 < x1 && x0 > x2) {  // three segments descending down-left
+                  stbtt__handle_clipped_edge(scanline,x,e, x0,y0, x2,y2);
+                  stbtt__handle_clipped_edge(scanline,x,e, x2,y2, x1,y1);
+                  stbtt__handle_clipped_edge(scanline,x,e, x1,y1, x3,y3);
+               } else if (x0 < x1 && x3 > x1) {  // two segments across x, down-right
+                  stbtt__handle_clipped_edge(scanline,x,e, x0,y0, x1,y1);
+                  stbtt__handle_clipped_edge(scanline,x,e, x1,y1, x3,y3);
+               } else if (x3 < x1 && x0 > x1) {  // two segments across x, down-left
+                  stbtt__handle_clipped_edge(scanline,x,e, x0,y0, x1,y1);
+                  stbtt__handle_clipped_edge(scanline,x,e, x1,y1, x3,y3);
+               } else if (x0 < x2 && x3 > x2) {  // two segments across x+1, down-right
+                  stbtt__handle_clipped_edge(scanline,x,e, x0,y0, x2,y2);
+                  stbtt__handle_clipped_edge(scanline,x,e, x2,y2, x3,y3);
+               } else if (x3 < x2 && x0 > x2) {  // two segments across x+1, down-left
+                  stbtt__handle_clipped_edge(scanline,x,e, x0,y0, x2,y2);
+                  stbtt__handle_clipped_edge(scanline,x,e, x2,y2, x3,y3);
+               } else {  // one segment
+                  stbtt__handle_clipped_edge(scanline,x,e, x0,y0, x3,y3);
+               }
+            }
+         }
+      }
+      e = e->next;
+   }
+}
+
+// directly AA rasterize edges w/o supersampling
+static void stbtt__rasterize_sorted_edges(stbtt__bitmap *result, stbtt__edge *e, int n, int vsubsample, int off_x, int off_y, void *userdata)
+{
+   stbtt__hheap hh = { 0, 0, 0 };
+   stbtt__active_edge *active = NULL;
+   int y,j=0, i;
+   float scanline_data[129], *scanline, *scanline2;
+
+   STBTT__NOTUSED(vsubsample);
+
+   if (result->w > 64)
+      scanline = (float *) STBTT_malloc((result->w*2+1) * sizeof(float), userdata);
+   else
+      scanline = scanline_data;
+
+   scanline2 = scanline + result->w;
+
+   y = off_y;
+   e[n].y0 = (float) (off_y + result->h) + 1;
+
+   while (j < result->h) {
+      // find center of pixel for this scanline
+      float scan_y_top    = y + 0.0f;
+      float scan_y_bottom = y + 1.0f;
+      stbtt__active_edge **step = &active;
+
+      STBTT_memset(scanline , 0, result->w*sizeof(scanline[0]));
+      STBTT_memset(scanline2, 0, (result->w+1)*sizeof(scanline[0]));
+
+      // update all active edges;
+      // remove all active edges that terminate before the top of this scanline
+      while (*step) {
+         stbtt__active_edge * z = *step;
+         if (z->ey <= scan_y_top) {
+            *step = z->next; // delete from list
+            STBTT_assert(z->direction);
+            z->direction = 0;
+            stbtt__hheap_free(&hh, z);
+         } else {
+            step = &((*step)->next); // advance through list
+         }
+      }
+
+      // insert all edges that start before the bottom of this scanline
+      while (e->y0 <= scan_y_bottom) {
+         if (e->y0 != e->y1) {
+            stbtt__active_edge *z = stbtt__new_active(&hh, e, off_x, scan_y_top, userdata);
+            if (z != NULL) {
+               if (j == 0 && off_y != 0) {
+                  if (z->ey < scan_y_top) {
+                     // this can happen due to subpixel positioning and some kind of fp rounding error i think
+                     z->ey = scan_y_top;
+                  }
+               }
+               STBTT_assert(z->ey >= scan_y_top); // if we get really unlucky a tiny bit of an edge can be out of bounds
+               // insert at front
+               z->next = active;
+               active = z;
+            }
+         }
+         ++e;
+      }
+
+      // now process all active edges
+      if (active)
+         stbtt__fill_active_edges_new(scanline, scanline2+1, result->w, active, scan_y_top);
+
+      {
+         float sum = 0;
+         for (i=0; i < result->w; ++i) {
+            float k;
+            int m;
+            sum += scanline2[i];
+            k = scanline[i] + sum;
+            k = (float) STBTT_fabs(k)*255 + 0.5f;
+            m = (int) k;
+            if (m > 255) m = 255;
+            result->pixels[j*result->stride + i] = (unsigned char) m;
+         }
+      }
+      // advance all the edges
+      step = &active;
+      while (*step) {
+         stbtt__active_edge *z = *step;
+         z->fx += z->fdx; // advance to position for current scanline
+         step = &((*step)->next); // advance through list
+      }
+
+      ++y;
+      ++j;
+   }
+
+   stbtt__hheap_cleanup(&hh, userdata);
+
+   if (scanline != scanline_data)
+      STBTT_free(scanline, userdata);
+}
+#else
+#error "Unrecognized value of STBTT_RASTERIZER_VERSION"
+#endif
+
+#define STBTT__COMPARE(a,b)  ((a)->y0 < (b)->y0)
+
+static void stbtt__sort_edges_ins_sort(stbtt__edge *p, int n)
+{
+   int i,j;
+   for (i=1; i < n; ++i) {
+      stbtt__edge t = p[i], *a = &t;
+      j = i;
+      while (j > 0) {
+         stbtt__edge *b = &p[j-1];
+         int c = STBTT__COMPARE(a,b);
+         if (!c) break;
+         p[j] = p[j-1];
+         --j;
+      }
+      if (i != j)
+         p[j] = t;
+   }
+}
+
+static void stbtt__sort_edges_quicksort(stbtt__edge *p, int n)
+{
+   /* threshold for transitioning to insertion sort */
+   while (n > 12) {
+      stbtt__edge t;
+      int c01,c12,c,m,i,j;
+
+      /* compute median of three */
+      m = n >> 1;
+      c01 = STBTT__COMPARE(&p[0],&p[m]);
+      c12 = STBTT__COMPARE(&p[m],&p[n-1]);
+      /* if 0 >= mid >= end, or 0 < mid < end, then use mid */
+      if (c01 != c12) {
+         /* otherwise, we'll need to swap something else to middle */
+         int z;
+         c = STBTT__COMPARE(&p[0],&p[n-1]);
+         /* 0>mid && mid<n:  0>n => n; 0<n => 0 */
+         /* 0<mid && mid>n:  0>n => 0; 0<n => n */
+         z = (c == c12) ? 0 : n-1;
+         t = p[z];
+         p[z] = p[m];
+         p[m] = t;
+      }
+      /* now p[m] is the median-of-three */
+      /* swap it to the beginning so it won't move around */
+      t = p[0];
+      p[0] = p[m];
+      p[m] = t;
+
+      /* partition loop */
+      i=1;
+      j=n-1;
+      for(;;) {
+         /* handling of equality is crucial here */
+         /* for sentinels & efficiency with duplicates */
+         for (;;++i) {
+            if (!STBTT__COMPARE(&p[i], &p[0])) break;
+         }
+         for (;;--j) {
+            if (!STBTT__COMPARE(&p[0], &p[j])) break;
+         }
+         /* make sure we haven't crossed */
+         if (i >= j) break;
+         t = p[i];
+         p[i] = p[j];
+         p[j] = t;
+
+         ++i;
+         --j;
+      }
+      /* recurse on smaller side, iterate on larger */
+      if (j < (n-i)) {
+         stbtt__sort_edges_quicksort(p,j);
+         p = p+i;
+         n = n-i;
+      } else {
+         stbtt__sort_edges_quicksort(p+i, n-i);
+         n = j;
+      }
+   }
+}
+
+static void stbtt__sort_edges(stbtt__edge *p, int n)
+{
+   stbtt__sort_edges_quicksort(p, n);
+   stbtt__sort_edges_ins_sort(p, n);
+}
+
+typedef struct
+{
+   float x,y;
+} stbtt__point;
+
+static void stbtt__rasterize(stbtt__bitmap *result, stbtt__point *pts, int *wcount, int windings, float scale_x, float scale_y, float shift_x, float shift_y, int off_x, int off_y, int invert, void *userdata)
+{
+   float y_scale_inv = invert ? -scale_y : scale_y;
+   stbtt__edge *e;
+   int n,i,j,k,m;
+#if STBTT_RASTERIZER_VERSION == 1
+   int vsubsample = result->h < 8 ? 15 : 5;
+#elif STBTT_RASTERIZER_VERSION == 2
+   int vsubsample = 1;
+#else
+   #error "Unrecognized value of STBTT_RASTERIZER_VERSION"
+#endif
+   // vsubsample should divide 255 evenly; otherwise we won't reach full opacity
+
+   // now we have to blow out the windings into explicit edge lists
+   n = 0;
+   for (i=0; i < windings; ++i)
+      n += wcount[i];
+
+   e = (stbtt__edge *) STBTT_malloc(sizeof(*e) * (n+1), userdata); // add an extra one as a sentinel
+   if (e == 0) return;
+   n = 0;
+
+   m=0;
+   for (i=0; i < windings; ++i) {
+      stbtt__point *p = pts + m;
+      m += wcount[i];
+      j = wcount[i]-1;
+      for (k=0; k < wcount[i]; j=k++) {
+         int a=k,b=j;
+         // skip the edge if horizontal
+         if (p[j].y == p[k].y)
+            continue;
+         // add edge from j to k to the list
+         e[n].invert = 0;
+         if (invert ? p[j].y > p[k].y : p[j].y < p[k].y) {
+            e[n].invert = 1;
+            a=j,b=k;
+         }
+         e[n].x0 = p[a].x * scale_x + shift_x;
+         e[n].y0 = (p[a].y * y_scale_inv + shift_y) * vsubsample;
+         e[n].x1 = p[b].x * scale_x + shift_x;
+         e[n].y1 = (p[b].y * y_scale_inv + shift_y) * vsubsample;
+         ++n;
+      }
+   }
+
+   // now sort the edges by their highest point (should snap to integer, and then by x)
+   //STBTT_sort(e, n, sizeof(e[0]), stbtt__edge_compare);
+   stbtt__sort_edges(e, n);
+
+   // now, traverse the scanlines and find the intersections on each scanline, use xor winding rule
+   stbtt__rasterize_sorted_edges(result, e, n, vsubsample, off_x, off_y, userdata);
+
+   STBTT_free(e, userdata);
+}
+
+static void stbtt__add_point(stbtt__point *points, int n, float x, float y)
+{
+   if (!points) return; // during first pass, it's unallocated
+   points[n].x = x;
+   points[n].y = y;
+}
+
+// tessellate until threshold p is happy... @TODO warped to compensate for non-linear stretching
+static int stbtt__tesselate_curve(stbtt__point *points, int *num_points, float x0, float y0, float x1, float y1, float x2, float y2, float objspace_flatness_squared, int n)
+{
+   // midpoint
+   float mx = (x0 + 2*x1 + x2)/4;
+   float my = (y0 + 2*y1 + y2)/4;
+   // versus directly drawn line
+   float dx = (x0+x2)/2 - mx;
+   float dy = (y0+y2)/2 - my;
+   if (n > 16) // 65536 segments on one curve better be enough!
+      return 1;
+   if (dx*dx+dy*dy > objspace_flatness_squared) { // half-pixel error allowed... need to be smaller if AA
+      stbtt__tesselate_curve(points, num_points, x0,y0, (x0+x1)/2.0f,(y0+y1)/2.0f, mx,my, objspace_flatness_squared,n+1);
+      stbtt__tesselate_curve(points, num_points, mx,my, (x1+x2)/2.0f,(y1+y2)/2.0f, x2,y2, objspace_flatness_squared,n+1);
+   } else {
+      stbtt__add_point(points, *num_points,x2,y2);
+      *num_points = *num_points+1;
+   }
+   return 1;
+}
+
+static void stbtt__tesselate_cubic(stbtt__point *points, int *num_points, float x0, float y0, float x1, float y1, float x2, float y2, float x3, float y3, float objspace_flatness_squared, int n)
+{
+   // @TODO this "flatness" calculation is just made-up nonsense that seems to work well enough
+   float dx0 = x1-x0;
+   float dy0 = y1-y0;
+   float dx1 = x2-x1;
+   float dy1 = y2-y1;
+   float dx2 = x3-x2;
+   float dy2 = y3-y2;
+   float dx = x3-x0;
+   float dy = y3-y0;
+   float longlen = (float) (STBTT_sqrt(dx0*dx0+dy0*dy0)+STBTT_sqrt(dx1*dx1+dy1*dy1)+STBTT_sqrt(dx2*dx2+dy2*dy2));
+   float shortlen = (float) STBTT_sqrt(dx*dx+dy*dy);
+   float flatness_squared = longlen*longlen-shortlen*shortlen;
+
+   if (n > 16) // 65536 segments on one curve better be enough!
+      return;
+
+   if (flatness_squared > objspace_flatness_squared) {
+      float x01 = (x0+x1)/2;
+      float y01 = (y0+y1)/2;
+      float x12 = (x1+x2)/2;
+      float y12 = (y1+y2)/2;
+      float x23 = (x2+x3)/2;
+      float y23 = (y2+y3)/2;
+
+      float xa = (x01+x12)/2;
+      float ya = (y01+y12)/2;
+      float xb = (x12+x23)/2;
+      float yb = (y12+y23)/2;
+
+      float mx = (xa+xb)/2;
+      float my = (ya+yb)/2;
+
+      stbtt__tesselate_cubic(points, num_points, x0,y0, x01,y01, xa,ya, mx,my, objspace_flatness_squared,n+1);
+      stbtt__tesselate_cubic(points, num_points, mx,my, xb,yb, x23,y23, x3,y3, objspace_flatness_squared,n+1);
+   } else {
+      stbtt__add_point(points, *num_points,x3,y3);
+      *num_points = *num_points+1;
+   }
+}
+
+// returns number of contours
+static stbtt__point *stbtt_FlattenCurves(stbtt_vertex *vertices, int num_verts, float objspace_flatness, int **contour_lengths, int *num_contours, void *userdata)
+{
+   stbtt__point *points=0;
+   int num_points=0;
+
+   float objspace_flatness_squared = objspace_flatness * objspace_flatness;
+   int i,n=0,start=0, pass;
+
+   // count how many "moves" there are to get the contour count
+   for (i=0; i < num_verts; ++i)
+      if (vertices[i].type == STBTT_vmove)
+         ++n;
+
+   *num_contours = n;
+   if (n == 0) return 0;
+
+   *contour_lengths = (int *) STBTT_malloc(sizeof(**contour_lengths) * n, userdata);
+
+   if (*contour_lengths == 0) {
+      *num_contours = 0;
+      return 0;
+   }
+
+   // make two passes through the points so we don't need to realloc
+   for (pass=0; pass < 2; ++pass) {
+      float x=0,y=0;
+      if (pass == 1) {
+         points = (stbtt__point *) STBTT_malloc(num_points * sizeof(points[0]), userdata);
+         if (points == NULL) goto error;
+      }
+      num_points = 0;
+      n= -1;
+      for (i=0; i < num_verts; ++i) {
+         switch (vertices[i].type) {
+            case STBTT_vmove:
+               // start the next contour
+               if (n >= 0)
+                  (*contour_lengths)[n] = num_points - start;
+               ++n;
+               start = num_points;
+
+               x = vertices[i].x, y = vertices[i].y;
+               stbtt__add_point(points, num_points++, x,y);
+               break;
+            case STBTT_vline:
+               x = vertices[i].x, y = vertices[i].y;
+               stbtt__add_point(points, num_points++, x, y);
+               break;
+            case STBTT_vcurve:
+               stbtt__tesselate_curve(points, &num_points, x,y,
+                                        vertices[i].cx, vertices[i].cy,
+                                        vertices[i].x,  vertices[i].y,
+                                        objspace_flatness_squared, 0);
+               x = vertices[i].x, y = vertices[i].y;
+               break;
+            case STBTT_vcubic:
+               stbtt__tesselate_cubic(points, &num_points, x,y,
+                                        vertices[i].cx, vertices[i].cy,
+                                        vertices[i].cx1, vertices[i].cy1,
+                                        vertices[i].x,  vertices[i].y,
+                                        objspace_flatness_squared, 0);
+               x = vertices[i].x, y = vertices[i].y;
+               break;
+         }
+      }
+      (*contour_lengths)[n] = num_points - start;
+   }
+
+   return points;
+error:
+   STBTT_free(points, userdata);
+   STBTT_free(*contour_lengths, userdata);
+   *contour_lengths = 0;
+   *num_contours = 0;
+   return NULL;
+}
+
+STBTT_DEF void stbtt_Rasterize(stbtt__bitmap *result, float flatness_in_pixels, stbtt_vertex *vertices, int num_verts, float scale_x, float scale_y, float shift_x, float shift_y, int x_off, int y_off, int invert, void *userdata)
+{
+   float scale            = scale_x > scale_y ? scale_y : scale_x;
+   int winding_count      = 0;
+   int *winding_lengths   = NULL;
+   stbtt__point *windings = stbtt_FlattenCurves(vertices, num_verts, flatness_in_pixels / scale, &winding_lengths, &winding_count, userdata);
+   if (windings) {
+      stbtt__rasterize(result, windings, winding_lengths, winding_count, scale_x, scale_y, shift_x, shift_y, x_off, y_off, invert, userdata);
+      STBTT_free(winding_lengths, userdata);
+      STBTT_free(windings, userdata);
+   }
+}
+
+STBTT_DEF void stbtt_FreeBitmap(unsigned char *bitmap, void *userdata)
+{
+   STBTT_free(bitmap, userdata);
+}
+
+STBTT_DEF unsigned char *stbtt_GetGlyphBitmapSubpixel(const stbtt_fontinfo *info, float scale_x, float scale_y, float shift_x, float shift_y, int glyph, int *width, int *height, int *xoff, int *yoff)
+{
+   int ix0,iy0,ix1,iy1;
+   stbtt__bitmap gbm;
+   stbtt_vertex *vertices;
+   int num_verts = stbtt_GetGlyphShape(info, glyph, &vertices);
+
+   if (scale_x == 0) scale_x = scale_y;
+   if (scale_y == 0) {
+      if (scale_x == 0) {
+         STBTT_free(vertices, info->userdata);
+         return NULL;
+      }
+      scale_y = scale_x;
+   }
+
+   stbtt_GetGlyphBitmapBoxSubpixel(info, glyph, scale_x, scale_y, shift_x, shift_y, &ix0,&iy0,&ix1,&iy1);
+
+   // now we get the size
+   gbm.w = (ix1 - ix0);
+   gbm.h = (iy1 - iy0);
+   gbm.pixels = NULL; // in case we error
+
+   if (width ) *width  = gbm.w;
+   if (height) *height = gbm.h;
+   if (xoff  ) *xoff   = ix0;
+   if (yoff  ) *yoff   = iy0;
+
+   if (gbm.w && gbm.h) {
+      gbm.pixels = (unsigned char *) STBTT_malloc(gbm.w * gbm.h, info->userdata);
+      if (gbm.pixels) {
+         gbm.stride = gbm.w;
+
+         stbtt_Rasterize(&gbm, 0.35f, vertices, num_verts, scale_x, scale_y, shift_x, shift_y, ix0, iy0, 1, info->userdata);
+      }
+   }
+   STBTT_free(vertices, info->userdata);
+   return gbm.pixels;
+}
+
+STBTT_DEF unsigned char *stbtt_GetGlyphBitmap(const stbtt_fontinfo *info, float scale_x, float scale_y, int glyph, int *width, int *height, int *xoff, int *yoff)
+{
+   return stbtt_GetGlyphBitmapSubpixel(info, scale_x, scale_y, 0.0f, 0.0f, glyph, width, height, xoff, yoff);
+}
+
+STBTT_DEF void stbtt_MakeGlyphBitmapSubpixel(const stbtt_fontinfo *info, unsigned char *output, int out_w, int out_h, int out_stride, float scale_x, float scale_y, float shift_x, float shift_y, int glyph)
+{
+   int ix0,iy0;
+   stbtt_vertex *vertices;
+   int num_verts = stbtt_GetGlyphShape(info, glyph, &vertices);
+   stbtt__bitmap gbm;
+
+   stbtt_GetGlyphBitmapBoxSubpixel(info, glyph, scale_x, scale_y, shift_x, shift_y, &ix0,&iy0,0,0);
+   gbm.pixels = output;
+   gbm.w = out_w;
+   gbm.h = out_h;
+   gbm.stride = out_stride;
+
+   if (gbm.w && gbm.h)
+      stbtt_Rasterize(&gbm, 0.35f, vertices, num_verts, scale_x, scale_y, shift_x, shift_y, ix0,iy0, 1, info->userdata);
+
+   STBTT_free(vertices, info->userdata);
+}
+
+STBTT_DEF void stbtt_MakeGlyphBitmap(const stbtt_fontinfo *info, unsigned char *output, int out_w, int out_h, int out_stride, float scale_x, float scale_y, int glyph)
+{
+   stbtt_MakeGlyphBitmapSubpixel(info, output, out_w, out_h, out_stride, scale_x, scale_y, 0.0f,0.0f, glyph);
+}
+
+STBTT_DEF unsigned char *stbtt_GetCodepointBitmapSubpixel(const stbtt_fontinfo *info, float scale_x, float scale_y, float shift_x, float shift_y, int codepoint, int *width, int *height, int *xoff, int *yoff)
+{
+   return stbtt_GetGlyphBitmapSubpixel(info, scale_x, scale_y,shift_x,shift_y, stbtt_FindGlyphIndex(info,codepoint), width,height,xoff,yoff);
+}
+
+STBTT_DEF void stbtt_MakeCodepointBitmapSubpixelPrefilter(const stbtt_fontinfo *info, unsigned char *output, int out_w, int out_h, int out_stride, float scale_x, float scale_y, float shift_x, float shift_y, int oversample_x, int oversample_y, float *sub_x, float *sub_y, int codepoint)
+{
+   stbtt_MakeGlyphBitmapSubpixelPrefilter(info, output, out_w, out_h, out_stride, scale_x, scale_y, shift_x, shift_y, oversample_x, oversample_y, sub_x, sub_y, stbtt_FindGlyphIndex(info,codepoint));
+}
+
+STBTT_DEF void stbtt_MakeCodepointBitmapSubpixel(const stbtt_fontinfo *info, unsigned char *output, int out_w, int out_h, int out_stride, float scale_x, float scale_y, float shift_x, float shift_y, int codepoint)
+{
+   stbtt_MakeGlyphBitmapSubpixel(info, output, out_w, out_h, out_stride, scale_x, scale_y, shift_x, shift_y, stbtt_FindGlyphIndex(info,codepoint));
+}
+
+STBTT_DEF unsigned char *stbtt_GetCodepointBitmap(const stbtt_fontinfo *info, float scale_x, float scale_y, int codepoint, int *width, int *height, int *xoff, int *yoff)
+{
+   return stbtt_GetCodepointBitmapSubpixel(info, scale_x, scale_y, 0.0f,0.0f, codepoint, width,height,xoff,yoff);
+}
+
+STBTT_DEF void stbtt_MakeCodepointBitmap(const stbtt_fontinfo *info, unsigned char *output, int out_w, int out_h, int out_stride, float scale_x, float scale_y, int codepoint)
+{
+   stbtt_MakeCodepointBitmapSubpixel(info, output, out_w, out_h, out_stride, scale_x, scale_y, 0.0f,0.0f, codepoint);
+}
+
+//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+//
+// bitmap baking
+//
+// This is SUPER-CRAPPY packing to keep source code small
+
+static int stbtt_BakeFontBitmap_internal(unsigned char *data, int offset,  // font location (use offset=0 for plain .ttf)
+                                float pixel_height,                     // height of font in pixels
+                                unsigned char *pixels, int pw, int ph,  // bitmap to be filled in
+                                int first_char, int num_chars,          // characters to bake
+                                stbtt_bakedchar *chardata)
+{
+   float scale;
+   int x,y,bottom_y, i;
+   stbtt_fontinfo f;
+   f.userdata = NULL;
+   if (!stbtt_InitFont(&f, data, offset))
+      return -1;
+   STBTT_memset(pixels, 0, pw*ph); // background of 0 around pixels
+   x=y=1;
+   bottom_y = 1;
+
+   scale = stbtt_ScaleForPixelHeight(&f, pixel_height);
+
+   for (i=0; i < num_chars; ++i) {
+      int advance, lsb, x0,y0,x1,y1,gw,gh;
+      int g = stbtt_FindGlyphIndex(&f, first_char + i);
+      stbtt_GetGlyphHMetrics(&f, g, &advance, &lsb);
+      stbtt_GetGlyphBitmapBox(&f, g, scale,scale, &x0,&y0,&x1,&y1);
+      gw = x1-x0;
+      gh = y1-y0;
+      if (x + gw + 1 >= pw)
+         y = bottom_y, x = 1; // advance to next row
+      if (y + gh + 1 >= ph) // check if it fits vertically AFTER potentially moving to next row
+         return -i;
+      STBTT_assert(x+gw < pw);
+      STBTT_assert(y+gh < ph);
+      stbtt_MakeGlyphBitmap(&f, pixels+x+y*pw, gw,gh,pw, scale,scale, g);
+      chardata[i].x0 = (stbtt_int16) x;
+      chardata[i].y0 = (stbtt_int16) y;
+      chardata[i].x1 = (stbtt_int16) (x + gw);
+      chardata[i].y1 = (stbtt_int16) (y + gh);
+      chardata[i].xadvance = scale * advance;
+      chardata[i].xoff     = (float) x0;
+      chardata[i].yoff     = (float) y0;
+      x = x + gw + 1;
+      if (y+gh+1 > bottom_y)
+         bottom_y = y+gh+1;
+   }
+   return bottom_y;
+}
+
+STBTT_DEF void stbtt_GetBakedQuad(const stbtt_bakedchar *chardata, int pw, int ph, int char_index, float *xpos, float *ypos, stbtt_aligned_quad *q, int opengl_fillrule)
+{
+   float d3d_bias = opengl_fillrule ? 0 : -0.5f;
+   float ipw = 1.0f / pw, iph = 1.0f / ph;
+   const stbtt_bakedchar *b = chardata + char_index;
+   int round_x = STBTT_ifloor((*xpos + b->xoff) + 0.5f);
+   int round_y = STBTT_ifloor((*ypos + b->yoff) + 0.5f);
+
+   q->x0 = round_x + d3d_bias;
+   q->y0 = round_y + d3d_bias;
+   q->x1 = round_x + b->x1 - b->x0 + d3d_bias;
+   q->y1 = round_y + b->y1 - b->y0 + d3d_bias;
+
+   q->s0 = b->x0 * ipw;
+   q->t0 = b->y0 * iph;
+   q->s1 = b->x1 * ipw;
+   q->t1 = b->y1 * iph;
+
+   *xpos += b->xadvance;
+}
+
+//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+//
+// rectangle packing replacement routines if you don't have stb_rect_pack.h
+//
+
+#ifndef STB_RECT_PACK_VERSION
+
+typedef int stbrp_coord;
+
+////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+//                                                                                //
+//                                                                                //
+// COMPILER WARNING ?!?!?                                                         //
+//                                                                                //
+//                                                                                //
+// if you get a compile warning due to these symbols being defined more than      //
+// once, move #include "stb_rect_pack.h" before #include "stb_truetype.h"         //
+//                                                                                //
+////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+
+typedef struct
+{
+   int width,height;
+   int x,y,bottom_y;
+} stbrp_context;
+
+typedef struct
+{
+   unsigned char x;
+} stbrp_node;
+
+struct stbrp_rect
+{
+   stbrp_coord x,y;
+   int id,w,h,was_packed;
+};
+
+static void stbrp_init_target(stbrp_context *con, int pw, int ph, stbrp_node *nodes, int num_nodes)
+{
+   con->width  = pw;
+   con->height = ph;
+   con->x = 0;
+   con->y = 0;
+   con->bottom_y = 0;
+   STBTT__NOTUSED(nodes);
+   STBTT__NOTUSED(num_nodes);
+}
+
+static void stbrp_pack_rects(stbrp_context *con, stbrp_rect *rects, int num_rects)
+{
+   int i;
+   for (i=0; i < num_rects; ++i) {
+      if (con->x + rects[i].w > con->width) {
+         con->x = 0;
+         con->y = con->bottom_y;
+      }
+      if (con->y + rects[i].h > con->height)
+         break;
+      rects[i].x = con->x;
+      rects[i].y = con->y;
+      rects[i].was_packed = 1;
+      con->x += rects[i].w;
+      if (con->y + rects[i].h > con->bottom_y)
+         con->bottom_y = con->y + rects[i].h;
+   }
+   for (   ; i < num_rects; ++i)
+      rects[i].was_packed = 0;
+}
+#endif
+
+//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+//
+// bitmap baking
+//
+// This is SUPER-AWESOME (tm Ryan Gordon) packing using stb_rect_pack.h. If
+// stb_rect_pack.h isn't available, it uses the BakeFontBitmap strategy.
+
+STBTT_DEF int stbtt_PackBegin(stbtt_pack_context *spc, unsigned char *pixels, int pw, int ph, int stride_in_bytes, int padding, void *alloc_context)
+{
+   stbrp_context *context = (stbrp_context *) STBTT_malloc(sizeof(*context)            ,alloc_context);
+   int            num_nodes = pw - padding;
+   stbrp_node    *nodes   = (stbrp_node    *) STBTT_malloc(sizeof(*nodes  ) * num_nodes,alloc_context);
+
+   if (context == NULL || nodes == NULL) {
+      if (context != NULL) STBTT_free(context, alloc_context);
+      if (nodes   != NULL) STBTT_free(nodes  , alloc_context);
+      return 0;
+   }
+
+   spc->user_allocator_context = alloc_context;
+   spc->width = pw;
+   spc->height = ph;
+   spc->pixels = pixels;
+   spc->pack_info = context;
+   spc->nodes = nodes;
+   spc->padding = padding;
+   spc->stride_in_bytes = stride_in_bytes != 0 ? stride_in_bytes : pw;
+   spc->h_oversample = 1;
+   spc->v_oversample = 1;
+   spc->skip_missing = 0;
+
+   stbrp_init_target(context, pw-padding, ph-padding, nodes, num_nodes);
+
+   if (pixels)
+      STBTT_memset(pixels, 0, pw*ph); // background of 0 around pixels
+
+   return 1;
+}
+
+STBTT_DEF void stbtt_PackEnd  (stbtt_pack_context *spc)
+{
+   STBTT_free(spc->nodes    , spc->user_allocator_context);
+   STBTT_free(spc->pack_info, spc->user_allocator_context);
+}
+
+STBTT_DEF void stbtt_PackSetOversampling(stbtt_pack_context *spc, unsigned int h_oversample, unsigned int v_oversample)
+{
+   STBTT_assert(h_oversample <= STBTT_MAX_OVERSAMPLE);
+   STBTT_assert(v_oversample <= STBTT_MAX_OVERSAMPLE);
+   if (h_oversample <= STBTT_MAX_OVERSAMPLE)
+      spc->h_oversample = h_oversample;
+   if (v_oversample <= STBTT_MAX_OVERSAMPLE)
+      spc->v_oversample = v_oversample;
+}
+
+STBTT_DEF void stbtt_PackSetSkipMissingCodepoints(stbtt_pack_context *spc, int skip)
+{
+   spc->skip_missing = skip;
+}
+
+#define STBTT__OVER_MASK  (STBTT_MAX_OVERSAMPLE-1)
+
+static void stbtt__h_prefilter(unsigned char *pixels, int w, int h, int stride_in_bytes, unsigned int kernel_width)
+{
+   unsigned char buffer[STBTT_MAX_OVERSAMPLE];
+   int safe_w = w - kernel_width;
+   int j;
+   STBTT_memset(buffer, 0, STBTT_MAX_OVERSAMPLE); // suppress bogus warning from VS2013 -analyze
+   for (j=0; j < h; ++j) {
+      int i;
+      unsigned int total;
+      STBTT_memset(buffer, 0, kernel_width);
+
+      total = 0;
+
+      // make kernel_width a constant in common cases so compiler can optimize out the divide
+      switch (kernel_width) {
+         case 2:
+            for (i=0; i <= safe_w; ++i) {
+               total += pixels[i] - buffer[i & STBTT__OVER_MASK];
+               buffer[(i+kernel_width) & STBTT__OVER_MASK] = pixels[i];
+               pixels[i] = (unsigned char) (total / 2);
+            }
+            break;
+         case 3:
+            for (i=0; i <= safe_w; ++i) {
+               total += pixels[i] - buffer[i & STBTT__OVER_MASK];
+               buffer[(i+kernel_width) & STBTT__OVER_MASK] = pixels[i];
+               pixels[i] = (unsigned char) (total / 3);
+            }
+            break;
+         case 4:
+            for (i=0; i <= safe_w; ++i) {
+               total += pixels[i] - buffer[i & STBTT__OVER_MASK];
+               buffer[(i+kernel_width) & STBTT__OVER_MASK] = pixels[i];
+               pixels[i] = (unsigned char) (total / 4);
+            }
+            break;
+         case 5:
+            for (i=0; i <= safe_w; ++i) {
+               total += pixels[i] - buffer[i & STBTT__OVER_MASK];
+               buffer[(i+kernel_width) & STBTT__OVER_MASK] = pixels[i];
+               pixels[i] = (unsigned char) (total / 5);
+            }
+            break;
+         default:
+            for (i=0; i <= safe_w; ++i) {
+               total += pixels[i] - buffer[i & STBTT__OVER_MASK];
+               buffer[(i+kernel_width) & STBTT__OVER_MASK] = pixels[i];
+               pixels[i] = (unsigned char) (total / kernel_width);
+            }
+            break;
+      }
+
+      for (; i < w; ++i) {
+         STBTT_assert(pixels[i] == 0);
+         total -= buffer[i & STBTT__OVER_MASK];
+         pixels[i] = (unsigned char) (total / kernel_width);
+      }
+
+      pixels += stride_in_bytes;
+   }
+}
+
+static void stbtt__v_prefilter(unsigned char *pixels, int w, int h, int stride_in_bytes, unsigned int kernel_width)
+{
+   unsigned char buffer[STBTT_MAX_OVERSAMPLE];
+   int safe_h = h - kernel_width;
+   int j;
+   STBTT_memset(buffer, 0, STBTT_MAX_OVERSAMPLE); // suppress bogus warning from VS2013 -analyze
+   for (j=0; j < w; ++j) {
+      int i;
+      unsigned int total;
+      STBTT_memset(buffer, 0, kernel_width);
+
+      total = 0;
+
+      // make kernel_width a constant in common cases so compiler can optimize out the divide
+      switch (kernel_width) {
+         case 2:
+            for (i=0; i <= safe_h; ++i) {
+               total += pixels[i*stride_in_bytes] - buffer[i & STBTT__OVER_MASK];
+               buffer[(i+kernel_width) & STBTT__OVER_MASK] = pixels[i*stride_in_bytes];
+               pixels[i*stride_in_bytes] = (unsigned char) (total / 2);
+            }
+            break;
+         case 3:
+            for (i=0; i <= safe_h; ++i) {
+               total += pixels[i*stride_in_bytes] - buffer[i & STBTT__OVER_MASK];
+               buffer[(i+kernel_width) & STBTT__OVER_MASK] = pixels[i*stride_in_bytes];
+               pixels[i*stride_in_bytes] = (unsigned char) (total / 3);
+            }
+            break;
+         case 4:
+            for (i=0; i <= safe_h; ++i) {
+               total += pixels[i*stride_in_bytes] - buffer[i & STBTT__OVER_MASK];
+               buffer[(i+kernel_width) & STBTT__OVER_MASK] = pixels[i*stride_in_bytes];
+               pixels[i*stride_in_bytes] = (unsigned char) (total / 4);
+            }
+            break;
+         case 5:
+            for (i=0; i <= safe_h; ++i) {
+               total += pixels[i*stride_in_bytes] - buffer[i & STBTT__OVER_MASK];
+               buffer[(i+kernel_width) & STBTT__OVER_MASK] = pixels[i*stride_in_bytes];
+               pixels[i*stride_in_bytes] = (unsigned char) (total / 5);
+            }
+            break;
+         default:
+            for (i=0; i <= safe_h; ++i) {
+               total += pixels[i*stride_in_bytes] - buffer[i & STBTT__OVER_MASK];
+               buffer[(i+kernel_width) & STBTT__OVER_MASK] = pixels[i*stride_in_bytes];
+               pixels[i*stride_in_bytes] = (unsigned char) (total / kernel_width);
+            }
+            break;
+      }
+
+      for (; i < h; ++i) {
+         STBTT_assert(pixels[i*stride_in_bytes] == 0);
+         total -= buffer[i & STBTT__OVER_MASK];
+         pixels[i*stride_in_bytes] = (unsigned char) (total / kernel_width);
+      }
+
+      pixels += 1;
+   }
+}
+
+static float stbtt__oversample_shift(int oversample)
+{
+   if (!oversample)
+      return 0.0f;
+
+   // The prefilter is a box filter of width "oversample",
+   // which shifts phase by (oversample - 1)/2 pixels in
+   // oversampled space. We want to shift in the opposite
+   // direction to counter this.
+   return (float)-(oversample - 1) / (2.0f * (float)oversample);
+}
+
+// rects array must be big enough to accommodate all characters in the given ranges
+STBTT_DEF int stbtt_PackFontRangesGatherRects(stbtt_pack_context *spc, const stbtt_fontinfo *info, stbtt_pack_range *ranges, int num_ranges, stbrp_rect *rects)
+{
+   int i,j,k;
+   int missing_glyph_added = 0;
+
+   k=0;
+   for (i=0; i < num_ranges; ++i) {
+      float fh = ranges[i].font_size;
+      float scale = fh > 0 ? stbtt_ScaleForPixelHeight(info, fh) : stbtt_ScaleForMappingEmToPixels(info, -fh);
+      ranges[i].h_oversample = (unsigned char) spc->h_oversample;
+      ranges[i].v_oversample = (unsigned char) spc->v_oversample;
+      for (j=0; j < ranges[i].num_chars; ++j) {
+         int x0,y0,x1,y1;
+         int codepoint = ranges[i].array_of_unicode_codepoints == NULL ? ranges[i].first_unicode_codepoint_in_range + j : ranges[i].array_of_unicode_codepoints[j];
+         int glyph = stbtt_FindGlyphIndex(info, codepoint);
+         if (glyph == 0 && (spc->skip_missing || missing_glyph_added)) {
+            rects[k].w = rects[k].h = 0;
+         } else {
+            stbtt_GetGlyphBitmapBoxSubpixel(info,glyph,
+                                            scale * spc->h_oversample,
+                                            scale * spc->v_oversample,
+                                            0,0,
+                                            &x0,&y0,&x1,&y1);
+            rects[k].w = (stbrp_coord) (x1-x0 + spc->padding + spc->h_oversample-1);
+            rects[k].h = (stbrp_coord) (y1-y0 + spc->padding + spc->v_oversample-1);
+            if (glyph == 0)
+               missing_glyph_added = 1;
+         }
+         ++k;
+      }
+   }
+
+   return k;
+}
+
+STBTT_DEF void stbtt_MakeGlyphBitmapSubpixelPrefilter(const stbtt_fontinfo *info, unsigned char *output, int out_w, int out_h, int out_stride, float scale_x, float scale_y, float shift_x, float shift_y, int prefilter_x, int prefilter_y, float *sub_x, float *sub_y, int glyph)
+{
+   stbtt_MakeGlyphBitmapSubpixel(info,
+                                 output,
+                                 out_w - (prefilter_x - 1),
+                                 out_h - (prefilter_y - 1),
+                                 out_stride,
+                                 scale_x,
+                                 scale_y,
+                                 shift_x,
+                                 shift_y,
+                                 glyph);
+
+   if (prefilter_x > 1)
+      stbtt__h_prefilter(output, out_w, out_h, out_stride, prefilter_x);
+
+   if (prefilter_y > 1)
+      stbtt__v_prefilter(output, out_w, out_h, out_stride, prefilter_y);
+
+   *sub_x = stbtt__oversample_shift(prefilter_x);
+   *sub_y = stbtt__oversample_shift(prefilter_y);
+}
+
+// rects array must be big enough to accommodate all characters in the given ranges
+STBTT_DEF int stbtt_PackFontRangesRenderIntoRects(stbtt_pack_context *spc, const stbtt_fontinfo *info, stbtt_pack_range *ranges, int num_ranges, stbrp_rect *rects)
+{
+   int i,j,k, missing_glyph = -1, return_value = 1;
+
+   // save current values
+   int old_h_over = spc->h_oversample;
+   int old_v_over = spc->v_oversample;
+
+   k = 0;
+   for (i=0; i < num_ranges; ++i) {
+      float fh = ranges[i].font_size;
+      float scale = fh > 0 ? stbtt_ScaleForPixelHeight(info, fh) : stbtt_ScaleForMappingEmToPixels(info, -fh);
+      float recip_h,recip_v,sub_x,sub_y;
+      spc->h_oversample = ranges[i].h_oversample;
+      spc->v_oversample = ranges[i].v_oversample;
+      recip_h = 1.0f / spc->h_oversample;
+      recip_v = 1.0f / spc->v_oversample;
+      sub_x = stbtt__oversample_shift(spc->h_oversample);
+      sub_y = stbtt__oversample_shift(spc->v_oversample);
+      for (j=0; j < ranges[i].num_chars; ++j) {
+         stbrp_rect *r = &rects[k];
+         if (r->was_packed && r->w != 0 && r->h != 0) {
+            stbtt_packedchar *bc = &ranges[i].chardata_for_range[j];
+            int advance, lsb, x0,y0,x1,y1;
+            int codepoint = ranges[i].array_of_unicode_codepoints == NULL ? ranges[i].first_unicode_codepoint_in_range + j : ranges[i].array_of_unicode_codepoints[j];
+            int glyph = stbtt_FindGlyphIndex(info, codepoint);
+            stbrp_coord pad = (stbrp_coord) spc->padding;
+
+            // pad on left and top
+            r->x += pad;
+            r->y += pad;
+            r->w -= pad;
+            r->h -= pad;
+            stbtt_GetGlyphHMetrics(info, glyph, &advance, &lsb);
+            stbtt_GetGlyphBitmapBox(info, glyph,
+                                    scale * spc->h_oversample,
+                                    scale * spc->v_oversample,
+                                    &x0,&y0,&x1,&y1);
+            stbtt_MakeGlyphBitmapSubpixel(info,
+                                          spc->pixels + r->x + r->y*spc->stride_in_bytes,
+                                          r->w - spc->h_oversample+1,
+                                          r->h - spc->v_oversample+1,
+                                          spc->stride_in_bytes,
+                                          scale * spc->h_oversample,
+                                          scale * spc->v_oversample,
+                                          0,0,
+                                          glyph);
+
+            if (spc->h_oversample > 1)
+               stbtt__h_prefilter(spc->pixels + r->x + r->y*spc->stride_in_bytes,
+                                  r->w, r->h, spc->stride_in_bytes,
+                                  spc->h_oversample);
+
+            if (spc->v_oversample > 1)
+               stbtt__v_prefilter(spc->pixels + r->x + r->y*spc->stride_in_bytes,
+                                  r->w, r->h, spc->stride_in_bytes,
+                                  spc->v_oversample);
+
+            bc->x0       = (stbtt_int16)  r->x;
+            bc->y0       = (stbtt_int16)  r->y;
+            bc->x1       = (stbtt_int16) (r->x + r->w);
+            bc->y1       = (stbtt_int16) (r->y + r->h);
+            bc->xadvance =                scale * advance;
+            bc->xoff     =       (float)  x0 * recip_h + sub_x;
+            bc->yoff     =       (float)  y0 * recip_v + sub_y;
+            bc->xoff2    =                (x0 + r->w) * recip_h + sub_x;
+            bc->yoff2    =                (y0 + r->h) * recip_v + sub_y;
+
+            if (glyph == 0)
+               missing_glyph = j;
+         } else if (spc->skip_missing) {
+            return_value = 0;
+         } else if (r->was_packed && r->w == 0 && r->h == 0 && missing_glyph >= 0) {
+            ranges[i].chardata_for_range[j] = ranges[i].chardata_for_range[missing_glyph];
+         } else {
+            return_value = 0; // if any fail, report failure
+         }
+
+         ++k;
+      }
+   }
+
+   // restore original values
+   spc->h_oversample = old_h_over;
+   spc->v_oversample = old_v_over;
+
+   return return_value;
+}
+
+STBTT_DEF void stbtt_PackFontRangesPackRects(stbtt_pack_context *spc, stbrp_rect *rects, int num_rects)
+{
+   stbrp_pack_rects((stbrp_context *) spc->pack_info, rects, num_rects);
+}
+
+STBTT_DEF int stbtt_PackFontRanges(stbtt_pack_context *spc, const unsigned char *fontdata, int font_index, stbtt_pack_range *ranges, int num_ranges)
+{
+   stbtt_fontinfo info;
+   int i,j,n, return_value = 1;
+   //stbrp_context *context = (stbrp_context *) spc->pack_info;
+   stbrp_rect    *rects;
+
+   // flag all characters as NOT packed
+   for (i=0; i < num_ranges; ++i)
+      for (j=0; j < ranges[i].num_chars; ++j)
+         ranges[i].chardata_for_range[j].x0 =
+         ranges[i].chardata_for_range[j].y0 =
+         ranges[i].chardata_for_range[j].x1 =
+         ranges[i].chardata_for_range[j].y1 = 0;
+
+   n = 0;
+   for (i=0; i < num_ranges; ++i)
+      n += ranges[i].num_chars;
+
+   rects = (stbrp_rect *) STBTT_malloc(sizeof(*rects) * n, spc->user_allocator_context);
+   if (rects == NULL)
+      return 0;
+
+   info.userdata = spc->user_allocator_context;
+   stbtt_InitFont(&info, fontdata, stbtt_GetFontOffsetForIndex(fontdata,font_index));
+
+   n = stbtt_PackFontRangesGatherRects(spc, &info, ranges, num_ranges, rects);
+
+   stbtt_PackFontRangesPackRects(spc, rects, n);
+
+   return_value = stbtt_PackFontRangesRenderIntoRects(spc, &info, ranges, num_ranges, rects);
+
+   STBTT_free(rects, spc->user_allocator_context);
+   return return_value;
+}
+
+STBTT_DEF int stbtt_PackFontRange(stbtt_pack_context *spc, const unsigned char *fontdata, int font_index, float font_size,
+            int first_unicode_codepoint_in_range, int num_chars_in_range, stbtt_packedchar *chardata_for_range)
+{
+   stbtt_pack_range range;
+   range.first_unicode_codepoint_in_range = first_unicode_codepoint_in_range;
+   range.array_of_unicode_codepoints = NULL;
+   range.num_chars                   = num_chars_in_range;
+   range.chardata_for_range          = chardata_for_range;
+   range.font_size                   = font_size;
+   return stbtt_PackFontRanges(spc, fontdata, font_index, &range, 1);
+}
+
+STBTT_DEF void stbtt_GetScaledFontVMetrics(const unsigned char *fontdata, int index, float size, float *ascent, float *descent, float *lineGap)
+{
+   int i_ascent, i_descent, i_lineGap;
+   float scale;
+   stbtt_fontinfo info;
+   stbtt_InitFont(&info, fontdata, stbtt_GetFontOffsetForIndex(fontdata, index));
+   scale = size > 0 ? stbtt_ScaleForPixelHeight(&info, size) : stbtt_ScaleForMappingEmToPixels(&info, -size);
+   stbtt_GetFontVMetrics(&info, &i_ascent, &i_descent, &i_lineGap);
+   *ascent  = (float) i_ascent  * scale;
+   *descent = (float) i_descent * scale;
+   *lineGap = (float) i_lineGap * scale;
+}
+
+STBTT_DEF void stbtt_GetPackedQuad(const stbtt_packedchar *chardata, int pw, int ph, int char_index, float *xpos, float *ypos, stbtt_aligned_quad *q, int align_to_integer)
+{
+   float ipw = 1.0f / pw, iph = 1.0f / ph;
+   const stbtt_packedchar *b = chardata + char_index;
+
+   if (align_to_integer) {
+      float x = (float) STBTT_ifloor((*xpos + b->xoff) + 0.5f);
+      float y = (float) STBTT_ifloor((*ypos + b->yoff) + 0.5f);
+      q->x0 = x;
+      q->y0 = y;
+      q->x1 = x + b->xoff2 - b->xoff;
+      q->y1 = y + b->yoff2 - b->yoff;
+   } else {
+      q->x0 = *xpos + b->xoff;
+      q->y0 = *ypos + b->yoff;
+      q->x1 = *xpos + b->xoff2;
+      q->y1 = *ypos + b->yoff2;
+   }
+
+   q->s0 = b->x0 * ipw;
+   q->t0 = b->y0 * iph;
+   q->s1 = b->x1 * ipw;
+   q->t1 = b->y1 * iph;
+
+   *xpos += b->xadvance;
+}
+
+//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+//
+// sdf computation
+//
+
+#define STBTT_min(a,b)  ((a) < (b) ? (a) : (b))
+#define STBTT_max(a,b)  ((a) < (b) ? (b) : (a))
+
+static int stbtt__ray_intersect_bezier(float orig[2], float ray[2], float q0[2], float q1[2], float q2[2], float hits[2][2])
+{
+   float q0perp = q0[1]*ray[0] - q0[0]*ray[1];
+   float q1perp = q1[1]*ray[0] - q1[0]*ray[1];
+   float q2perp = q2[1]*ray[0] - q2[0]*ray[1];
+   float roperp = orig[1]*ray[0] - orig[0]*ray[1];
+
+   float a = q0perp - 2*q1perp + q2perp;
+   float b = q1perp - q0perp;
+   float c = q0perp - roperp;
+
+   float s0 = 0., s1 = 0.;
+   int num_s = 0;
+
+   if (a != 0.0) {
+      float discr = b*b - a*c;
+      if (discr > 0.0) {
+         float rcpna = -1 / a;
+         float d = (float) STBTT_sqrt(discr);
+         s0 = (b+d) * rcpna;
+         s1 = (b-d) * rcpna;
+         if (s0 >= 0.0 && s0 <= 1.0)
+            num_s = 1;
+         if (d > 0.0 && s1 >= 0.0 && s1 <= 1.0) {
+            if (num_s == 0) s0 = s1;
+            ++num_s;
+         }
+      }
+   } else {
+      // 2*b*s + c = 0
+      // s = -c / (2*b)
+      s0 = c / (-2 * b);
+      if (s0 >= 0.0 && s0 <= 1.0)
+         num_s = 1;
+   }
+
+   if (num_s == 0)
+      return 0;
+   else {
+      float rcp_len2 = 1 / (ray[0]*ray[0] + ray[1]*ray[1]);
+      float rayn_x = ray[0] * rcp_len2, rayn_y = ray[1] * rcp_len2;
+
+      float q0d =   q0[0]*rayn_x +   q0[1]*rayn_y;
+      float q1d =   q1[0]*rayn_x +   q1[1]*rayn_y;
+      float q2d =   q2[0]*rayn_x +   q2[1]*rayn_y;
+      float rod = orig[0]*rayn_x + orig[1]*rayn_y;
+
+      float q10d = q1d - q0d;
+      float q20d = q2d - q0d;
+      float q0rd = q0d - rod;
+
+      hits[0][0] = q0rd + s0*(2.0f - 2.0f*s0)*q10d + s0*s0*q20d;
+      hits[0][1] = a*s0+b;
+
+      if (num_s > 1) {
+         hits[1][0] = q0rd + s1*(2.0f - 2.0f*s1)*q10d + s1*s1*q20d;
+         hits[1][1] = a*s1+b;
+         return 2;
+      } else {
+         return 1;
+      }
+   }
+}
+
+static int equal(float *a, float *b)
+{
+   return (a[0] == b[0] && a[1] == b[1]);
+}
+
+static int stbtt__compute_crossings_x(float x, float y, int nverts, stbtt_vertex *verts)
+{
+   int i;
+   float orig[2], ray[2] = { 1, 0 };
+   float y_frac;
+   int winding = 0;
+
+   // make sure y never passes through a vertex of the shape
+   y_frac = (float) STBTT_fmod(y, 1.0f);
+   if (y_frac < 0.01f)
+      y += 0.01f;
+   else if (y_frac > 0.99f)
+      y -= 0.01f;
+
+   orig[0] = x;
+   orig[1] = y;
+
+   // test a ray from (-infinity,y) to (x,y)
+   for (i=0; i < nverts; ++i) {
+      if (verts[i].type == STBTT_vline) {
+         int x0 = (int) verts[i-1].x, y0 = (int) verts[i-1].y;
+         int x1 = (int) verts[i  ].x, y1 = (int) verts[i  ].y;
+         if (y > STBTT_min(y0,y1) && y < STBTT_max(y0,y1) && x > STBTT_min(x0,x1)) {
+            float x_inter = (y - y0) / (y1 - y0) * (x1-x0) + x0;
+            if (x_inter < x)
+               winding += (y0 < y1) ? 1 : -1;
+         }
+      }
+      if (verts[i].type == STBTT_vcurve) {
+         int x0 = (int) verts[i-1].x , y0 = (int) verts[i-1].y ;
+         int x1 = (int) verts[i  ].cx, y1 = (int) verts[i  ].cy;
+         int x2 = (int) verts[i  ].x , y2 = (int) verts[i  ].y ;
+         int ax = STBTT_min(x0,STBTT_min(x1,x2)), ay = STBTT_min(y0,STBTT_min(y1,y2));
+         int by = STBTT_max(y0,STBTT_max(y1,y2));
+         if (y > ay && y < by && x > ax) {
+            float q0[2],q1[2],q2[2];
+            float hits[2][2];
+            q0[0] = (float)x0;
+            q0[1] = (float)y0;
+            q1[0] = (float)x1;
+            q1[1] = (float)y1;
+            q2[0] = (float)x2;
+            q2[1] = (float)y2;
+            if (equal(q0,q1) || equal(q1,q2)) {
+               x0 = (int)verts[i-1].x;
+               y0 = (int)verts[i-1].y;
+               x1 = (int)verts[i  ].x;
+               y1 = (int)verts[i  ].y;
+               if (y > STBTT_min(y0,y1) && y < STBTT_max(y0,y1) && x > STBTT_min(x0,x1)) {
+                  float x_inter = (y - y0) / (y1 - y0) * (x1-x0) + x0;
+                  if (x_inter < x)
+                     winding += (y0 < y1) ? 1 : -1;
+               }
+            } else {
+               int num_hits = stbtt__ray_intersect_bezier(orig, ray, q0, q1, q2, hits);
+               if (num_hits >= 1)
+                  if (hits[0][0] < 0)
+                     winding += (hits[0][1] < 0 ? -1 : 1);
+               if (num_hits >= 2)
+                  if (hits[1][0] < 0)
+                     winding += (hits[1][1] < 0 ? -1 : 1);
+            }
+         }
+      }
+   }
+   return winding;
+}
+
+static float stbtt__cuberoot( float x )
+{
+   if (x<0)
+      return -(float) STBTT_pow(-x,1.0f/3.0f);
+   else
+      return  (float) STBTT_pow( x,1.0f/3.0f);
+}
+
+// x^3 + a*x^2 + b*x + c = 0
+static int stbtt__solve_cubic(float a, float b, float c, float* r)
+{
+   float s = -a / 3;
+   float p = b - a*a / 3;
+   float q = a * (2*a*a - 9*b) / 27 + c;
+   float p3 = p*p*p;
+   float d = q*q + 4*p3 / 27;
+   if (d >= 0) {
+      float z = (float) STBTT_sqrt(d);
+      float u = (-q + z) / 2;
+      float v = (-q - z) / 2;
+      u = stbtt__cuberoot(u);
+      v = stbtt__cuberoot(v);
+      r[0] = s + u + v;
+      return 1;
+   } else {
+      float u = (float) STBTT_sqrt(-p/3);
+      float v = (float) STBTT_acos(-STBTT_sqrt(-27/p3) * q / 2) / 3; // p3 must be negative, since d is negative
+      float m = (float) STBTT_cos(v);
+      float n = (float) STBTT_cos(v-3.141592/2)*1.732050808f;
+      r[0] = s + u * 2 * m;
+      r[1] = s - u * (m + n);
+      r[2] = s - u * (m - n);
+
+      //STBTT_assert( STBTT_fabs(((r[0]+a)*r[0]+b)*r[0]+c) < 0.05f);  // these asserts may not be safe at all scales, though they're in bezier t parameter units so maybe?
+      //STBTT_assert( STBTT_fabs(((r[1]+a)*r[1]+b)*r[1]+c) < 0.05f);
+      //STBTT_assert( STBTT_fabs(((r[2]+a)*r[2]+b)*r[2]+c) < 0.05f);
+      return 3;
+   }
+}
+
+STBTT_DEF unsigned char * stbtt_GetGlyphSDF(const stbtt_fontinfo *info, float scale, int glyph, int padding, unsigned char onedge_value, float pixel_dist_scale, int *width, int *height, int *xoff, int *yoff)
+{
+   float scale_x = scale, scale_y = scale;
+   int ix0,iy0,ix1,iy1;
+   int w,h;
+   unsigned char *data;
+
+   if (scale == 0) return NULL;
+
+   stbtt_GetGlyphBitmapBoxSubpixel(info, glyph, scale, scale, 0.0f,0.0f, &ix0,&iy0,&ix1,&iy1);
+
+   // if empty, return NULL
+   if (ix0 == ix1 || iy0 == iy1)
+      return NULL;
+
+   ix0 -= padding;
+   iy0 -= padding;
+   ix1 += padding;
+   iy1 += padding;
+
+   w = (ix1 - ix0);
+   h = (iy1 - iy0);
+
+   if (width ) *width  = w;
+   if (height) *height = h;
+   if (xoff  ) *xoff   = ix0;
+   if (yoff  ) *yoff   = iy0;
+
+   // invert for y-downwards bitmaps
+   scale_y = -scale_y;
+
+   {
+      int x,y,i,j;
+      float *precompute;
+      stbtt_vertex *verts;
+      int num_verts = stbtt_GetGlyphShape(info, glyph, &verts);
+      data = (unsigned char *) STBTT_malloc(w * h, info->userdata);
+      precompute = (float *) STBTT_malloc(num_verts * sizeof(float), info->userdata);
+
+      for (i=0,j=num_verts-1; i < num_verts; j=i++) {
+         if (verts[i].type == STBTT_vline) {
+            float x0 = verts[i].x*scale_x, y0 = verts[i].y*scale_y;
+            float x1 = verts[j].x*scale_x, y1 = verts[j].y*scale_y;
+            float dist = (float) STBTT_sqrt((x1-x0)*(x1-x0) + (y1-y0)*(y1-y0));
+            precompute[i] = (dist == 0) ? 0.0f : 1.0f / dist;
+         } else if (verts[i].type == STBTT_vcurve) {
+            float x2 = verts[j].x *scale_x, y2 = verts[j].y *scale_y;
+            float x1 = verts[i].cx*scale_x, y1 = verts[i].cy*scale_y;
+            float x0 = verts[i].x *scale_x, y0 = verts[i].y *scale_y;
+            float bx = x0 - 2*x1 + x2, by = y0 - 2*y1 + y2;
+            float len2 = bx*bx + by*by;
+            if (len2 != 0.0f)
+               precompute[i] = 1.0f / (bx*bx + by*by);
+            else
+               precompute[i] = 0.0f;
+         } else
+            precompute[i] = 0.0f;
+      }
+
+      for (y=iy0; y < iy1; ++y) {
+         for (x=ix0; x < ix1; ++x) {
+            float val;
+            float min_dist = 999999.0f;
+            float sx = (float) x + 0.5f;
+            float sy = (float) y + 0.5f;
+            float x_gspace = (sx / scale_x);
+            float y_gspace = (sy / scale_y);
+
+            int winding = stbtt__compute_crossings_x(x_gspace, y_gspace, num_verts, verts); // @OPTIMIZE: this could just be a rasterization, but needs to be line vs. non-tesselated curves so a new path
+
+            for (i=0; i < num_verts; ++i) {
+               float x0 = verts[i].x*scale_x, y0 = verts[i].y*scale_y;
+
+               if (verts[i].type == STBTT_vline && precompute[i] != 0.0f) {
+                  float x1 = verts[i-1].x*scale_x, y1 = verts[i-1].y*scale_y;
+
+                  float dist,dist2 = (x0-sx)*(x0-sx) + (y0-sy)*(y0-sy);
+                  if (dist2 < min_dist*min_dist)
+                     min_dist = (float) STBTT_sqrt(dist2);
+
+                  // coarse culling against bbox
+                  //if (sx > STBTT_min(x0,x1)-min_dist && sx < STBTT_max(x0,x1)+min_dist &&
+                  //    sy > STBTT_min(y0,y1)-min_dist && sy < STBTT_max(y0,y1)+min_dist)
+                  dist = (float) STBTT_fabs((x1-x0)*(y0-sy) - (y1-y0)*(x0-sx)) * precompute[i];
+                  STBTT_assert(i != 0);
+                  if (dist < min_dist) {
+                     // check position along line
+                     // x' = x0 + t*(x1-x0), y' = y0 + t*(y1-y0)
+                     // minimize (x'-sx)*(x'-sx)+(y'-sy)*(y'-sy)
+                     float dx = x1-x0, dy = y1-y0;
+                     float px = x0-sx, py = y0-sy;
+                     // minimize (px+t*dx)^2 + (py+t*dy)^2 = px*px + 2*px*dx*t + t^2*dx*dx + py*py + 2*py*dy*t + t^2*dy*dy
+                     // derivative: 2*px*dx + 2*py*dy + (2*dx*dx+2*dy*dy)*t, set to 0 and solve
+                     float t = -(px*dx + py*dy) / (dx*dx + dy*dy);
+                     if (t >= 0.0f && t <= 1.0f)
+                        min_dist = dist;
+                  }
+               } else if (verts[i].type == STBTT_vcurve) {
+                  float x2 = verts[i-1].x *scale_x, y2 = verts[i-1].y *scale_y;
+                  float x1 = verts[i  ].cx*scale_x, y1 = verts[i  ].cy*scale_y;
+                  float box_x0 = STBTT_min(STBTT_min(x0,x1),x2);
+                  float box_y0 = STBTT_min(STBTT_min(y0,y1),y2);
+                  float box_x1 = STBTT_max(STBTT_max(x0,x1),x2);
+                  float box_y1 = STBTT_max(STBTT_max(y0,y1),y2);
+                  // coarse culling against bbox to avoid computing cubic unnecessarily
+                  if (sx > box_x0-min_dist && sx < box_x1+min_dist && sy > box_y0-min_dist && sy < box_y1+min_dist) {
+                     int num=0;
+                     float ax = x1-x0, ay = y1-y0;
+                     float bx = x0 - 2*x1 + x2, by = y0 - 2*y1 + y2;
+                     float mx = x0 - sx, my = y0 - sy;
+                     float res[3] = {0.f,0.f,0.f};
+                     float px,py,t,it,dist2;
+                     float a_inv = precompute[i];
+                     if (a_inv == 0.0) { // if a_inv is 0, it's 2nd degree so use quadratic formula
+                        float a = 3*(ax*bx + ay*by);
+                        float b = 2*(ax*ax + ay*ay) + (mx*bx+my*by);
+                        float c = mx*ax+my*ay;
+                        if (a == 0.0) { // if a is 0, it's linear
+                           if (b != 0.0) {
+                              res[num++] = -c/b;
+                           }
+                        } else {
+                           float discriminant = b*b - 4*a*c;
+                           if (discriminant < 0)
+                              num = 0;
+                           else {
+                              float root = (float) STBTT_sqrt(discriminant);
+                              res[0] = (-b - root)/(2*a);
+                              res[1] = (-b + root)/(2*a);
+                              num = 2; // don't bother distinguishing 1-solution case, as code below will still work
+                           }
+                        }
+                     } else {
+                        float b = 3*(ax*bx + ay*by) * a_inv; // could precompute this as it doesn't depend on sample point
+                        float c = (2*(ax*ax + ay*ay) + (mx*bx+my*by)) * a_inv;
+                        float d = (mx*ax+my*ay) * a_inv;
+                        num = stbtt__solve_cubic(b, c, d, res);
+                     }
+                     dist2 = (x0-sx)*(x0-sx) + (y0-sy)*(y0-sy);
+                     if (dist2 < min_dist*min_dist)
+                        min_dist = (float) STBTT_sqrt(dist2);
+
+                     if (num >= 1 && res[0] >= 0.0f && res[0] <= 1.0f) {
+                        t = res[0], it = 1.0f - t;
+                        px = it*it*x0 + 2*t*it*x1 + t*t*x2;
+                        py = it*it*y0 + 2*t*it*y1 + t*t*y2;
+                        dist2 = (px-sx)*(px-sx) + (py-sy)*(py-sy);
+                        if (dist2 < min_dist * min_dist)
+                           min_dist = (float) STBTT_sqrt(dist2);
+                     }
+                     if (num >= 2 && res[1] >= 0.0f && res[1] <= 1.0f) {
+                        t = res[1], it = 1.0f - t;
+                        px = it*it*x0 + 2*t*it*x1 + t*t*x2;
+                        py = it*it*y0 + 2*t*it*y1 + t*t*y2;
+                        dist2 = (px-sx)*(px-sx) + (py-sy)*(py-sy);
+                        if (dist2 < min_dist * min_dist)
+                           min_dist = (float) STBTT_sqrt(dist2);
+                     }
+                     if (num >= 3 && res[2] >= 0.0f && res[2] <= 1.0f) {
+                        t = res[2], it = 1.0f - t;
+                        px = it*it*x0 + 2*t*it*x1 + t*t*x2;
+                        py = it*it*y0 + 2*t*it*y1 + t*t*y2;
+                        dist2 = (px-sx)*(px-sx) + (py-sy)*(py-sy);
+                        if (dist2 < min_dist * min_dist)
+                           min_dist = (float) STBTT_sqrt(dist2);
+                     }
+                  }
+               }
+            }
+            if (winding == 0)
+               min_dist = -min_dist;  // if outside the shape, value is negative
+            val = onedge_value + pixel_dist_scale * min_dist;
+            if (val < 0)
+               val = 0;
+            else if (val > 255)
+               val = 255;
+            data[(y-iy0)*w+(x-ix0)] = (unsigned char) val;
+         }
+      }
+      STBTT_free(precompute, info->userdata);
+      STBTT_free(verts, info->userdata);
+   }
+   return data;
+}
+
+STBTT_DEF unsigned char * stbtt_GetCodepointSDF(const stbtt_fontinfo *info, float scale, int codepoint, int padding, unsigned char onedge_value, float pixel_dist_scale, int *width, int *height, int *xoff, int *yoff)
+{
+   return stbtt_GetGlyphSDF(info, scale, stbtt_FindGlyphIndex(info, codepoint), padding, onedge_value, pixel_dist_scale, width, height, xoff, yoff);
+}
+
+STBTT_DEF void stbtt_FreeSDF(unsigned char *bitmap, void *userdata)
+{
+   STBTT_free(bitmap, userdata);
+}
+
+//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+//
+// font name matching -- recommended not to use this
+//
+
+// check if a utf8 string contains a prefix which is the utf16 string; if so return length of matching utf8 string
+static stbtt_int32 stbtt__CompareUTF8toUTF16_bigendian_prefix(stbtt_uint8 *s1, stbtt_int32 len1, stbtt_uint8 *s2, stbtt_int32 len2)
+{
+   stbtt_int32 i=0;
+
+   // convert utf16 to utf8 and compare the results while converting
+   while (len2) {
+      stbtt_uint16 ch = s2[0]*256 + s2[1];
+      if (ch < 0x80) {
+         if (i >= len1) return -1;
+         if (s1[i++] != ch) return -1;
+      } else if (ch < 0x800) {
+         if (i+1 >= len1) return -1;
+         if (s1[i++] != 0xc0 + (ch >> 6)) return -1;
+         if (s1[i++] != 0x80 + (ch & 0x3f)) return -1;
+      } else if (ch >= 0xd800 && ch < 0xdc00) {
+         stbtt_uint32 c;
+         stbtt_uint16 ch2 = s2[2]*256 + s2[3];
+         if (i+3 >= len1) return -1;
+         c = ((ch - 0xd800) << 10) + (ch2 - 0xdc00) + 0x10000;
+         if (s1[i++] != 0xf0 + (c >> 18)) return -1;
+         if (s1[i++] != 0x80 + ((c >> 12) & 0x3f)) return -1;
+         if (s1[i++] != 0x80 + ((c >>  6) & 0x3f)) return -1;
+         if (s1[i++] != 0x80 + ((c      ) & 0x3f)) return -1;
+         s2 += 2; // plus another 2 below
+         len2 -= 2;
+      } else if (ch >= 0xdc00 && ch < 0xe000) {
+         return -1;
+      } else {
+         if (i+2 >= len1) return -1;
+         if (s1[i++] != 0xe0 + (ch >> 12)) return -1;
+         if (s1[i++] != 0x80 + ((ch >> 6) & 0x3f)) return -1;
+         if (s1[i++] != 0x80 + ((ch     ) & 0x3f)) return -1;
+      }
+      s2 += 2;
+      len2 -= 2;
+   }
+   return i;
+}
+
+static int stbtt_CompareUTF8toUTF16_bigendian_internal(char *s1, int len1, char *s2, int len2)
+{
+   return len1 == stbtt__CompareUTF8toUTF16_bigendian_prefix((stbtt_uint8*) s1, len1, (stbtt_uint8*) s2, len2);
+}
+
+// returns results in whatever encoding you request... but note that 2-byte encodings
+// will be BIG-ENDIAN... use stbtt_CompareUTF8toUTF16_bigendian() to compare
+STBTT_DEF const char *stbtt_GetFontNameString(const stbtt_fontinfo *font, int *length, int platformID, int encodingID, int languageID, int nameID)
+{
+   stbtt_int32 i,count,stringOffset;
+   stbtt_uint8 *fc = font->data;
+   stbtt_uint32 offset = font->fontstart;
+   stbtt_uint32 nm = stbtt__find_table(fc, offset, "name");
+   if (!nm) return NULL;
+
+   count = ttUSHORT(fc+nm+2);
+   stringOffset = nm + ttUSHORT(fc+nm+4);
+   for (i=0; i < count; ++i) {
+      stbtt_uint32 loc = nm + 6 + 12 * i;
+      if (platformID == ttUSHORT(fc+loc+0) && encodingID == ttUSHORT(fc+loc+2)
+          && languageID == ttUSHORT(fc+loc+4) && nameID == ttUSHORT(fc+loc+6)) {
+         *length = ttUSHORT(fc+loc+8);
+         return (const char *) (fc+stringOffset+ttUSHORT(fc+loc+10));
+      }
+   }
+   return NULL;
+}
+
+static int stbtt__matchpair(stbtt_uint8 *fc, stbtt_uint32 nm, stbtt_uint8 *name, stbtt_int32 nlen, stbtt_int32 target_id, stbtt_int32 next_id)
+{
+   stbtt_int32 i;
+   stbtt_int32 count = ttUSHORT(fc+nm+2);
+   stbtt_int32 stringOffset = nm + ttUSHORT(fc+nm+4);
+
+   for (i=0; i < count; ++i) {
+      stbtt_uint32 loc = nm + 6 + 12 * i;
+      stbtt_int32 id = ttUSHORT(fc+loc+6);
+      if (id == target_id) {
+         // find the encoding
+         stbtt_int32 platform = ttUSHORT(fc+loc+0), encoding = ttUSHORT(fc+loc+2), language = ttUSHORT(fc+loc+4);
+
+         // is this a Unicode encoding?
+         if (platform == 0 || (platform == 3 && encoding == 1) || (platform == 3 && encoding == 10)) {
+            stbtt_int32 slen = ttUSHORT(fc+loc+8);
+            stbtt_int32 off = ttUSHORT(fc+loc+10);
+
+            // check if there's a prefix match
+            stbtt_int32 matchlen = stbtt__CompareUTF8toUTF16_bigendian_prefix(name, nlen, fc+stringOffset+off,slen);
+            if (matchlen >= 0) {
+               // check for target_id+1 immediately following, with same encoding & language
+               if (i+1 < count && ttUSHORT(fc+loc+12+6) == next_id && ttUSHORT(fc+loc+12) == platform && ttUSHORT(fc+loc+12+2) == encoding && ttUSHORT(fc+loc+12+4) == language) {
+                  slen = ttUSHORT(fc+loc+12+8);
+                  off = ttUSHORT(fc+loc+12+10);
+                  if (slen == 0) {
+                     if (matchlen == nlen)
+                        return 1;
+                  } else if (matchlen < nlen && name[matchlen] == ' ') {
+                     ++matchlen;
+                     if (stbtt_CompareUTF8toUTF16_bigendian_internal((char*) (name+matchlen), nlen-matchlen, (char*)(fc+stringOffset+off),slen))
+                        return 1;
+                  }
+               } else {
+                  // if nothing immediately following
+                  if (matchlen == nlen)
+                     return 1;
+               }
+            }
+         }
+
+         // @TODO handle other encodings
+      }
+   }
+   return 0;
+}
+
+static int stbtt__matches(stbtt_uint8 *fc, stbtt_uint32 offset, stbtt_uint8 *name, stbtt_int32 flags)
+{
+   stbtt_int32 nlen = (stbtt_int32) STBTT_strlen((char *) name);
+   stbtt_uint32 nm,hd;
+   if (!stbtt__isfont(fc+offset)) return 0;
+
+   // check italics/bold/underline flags in macStyle...
+   if (flags) {
+      hd = stbtt__find_table(fc, offset, "head");
+      if ((ttUSHORT(fc+hd+44) & 7) != (flags & 7)) return 0;
+   }
+
+   nm = stbtt__find_table(fc, offset, "name");
+   if (!nm) return 0;
+
+   if (flags) {
+      // if we checked the macStyle flags, then just check the family and ignore the subfamily
+      if (stbtt__matchpair(fc, nm, name, nlen, 16, -1))  return 1;
+      if (stbtt__matchpair(fc, nm, name, nlen,  1, -1))  return 1;
+      if (stbtt__matchpair(fc, nm, name, nlen,  3, -1))  return 1;
+   } else {
+      if (stbtt__matchpair(fc, nm, name, nlen, 16, 17))  return 1;
+      if (stbtt__matchpair(fc, nm, name, nlen,  1,  2))  return 1;
+      if (stbtt__matchpair(fc, nm, name, nlen,  3, -1))  return 1;
+   }
+
+   return 0;
+}
+
+static int stbtt_FindMatchingFont_internal(unsigned char *font_collection, char *name_utf8, stbtt_int32 flags)
+{
+   stbtt_int32 i;
+   for (i=0;;++i) {
+      stbtt_int32 off = stbtt_GetFontOffsetForIndex(font_collection, i);
+      if (off < 0) return off;
+      if (stbtt__matches((stbtt_uint8 *) font_collection, off, (stbtt_uint8*) name_utf8, flags))
+         return off;
+   }
+}
+
+#if defined(__GNUC__) || defined(__clang__)
+#pragma GCC diagnostic push
+#pragma GCC diagnostic ignored "-Wcast-qual"
+#endif
+
+STBTT_DEF int stbtt_BakeFontBitmap(const unsigned char *data, int offset,
+                                float pixel_height, unsigned char *pixels, int pw, int ph,
+                                int first_char, int num_chars, stbtt_bakedchar *chardata)
+{
+   return stbtt_BakeFontBitmap_internal((unsigned char *) data, offset, pixel_height, pixels, pw, ph, first_char, num_chars, chardata);
+}
+
+STBTT_DEF int stbtt_GetFontOffsetForIndex(const unsigned char *data, int index)
+{
+   return stbtt_GetFontOffsetForIndex_internal((unsigned char *) data, index);
+}
+
+STBTT_DEF int stbtt_GetNumberOfFonts(const unsigned char *data)
+{
+   return stbtt_GetNumberOfFonts_internal((unsigned char *) data);
+}
+
+STBTT_DEF int stbtt_InitFont(stbtt_fontinfo *info, const unsigned char *data, int offset)
+{
+   return stbtt_InitFont_internal(info, (unsigned char *) data, offset);
+}
+
+STBTT_DEF int stbtt_FindMatchingFont(const unsigned char *fontdata, const char *name, int flags)
+{
+   return stbtt_FindMatchingFont_internal((unsigned char *) fontdata, (char *) name, flags);
+}
+
+STBTT_DEF int stbtt_CompareUTF8toUTF16_bigendian(const char *s1, int len1, const char *s2, int len2)
+{
+   return stbtt_CompareUTF8toUTF16_bigendian_internal((char *) s1, len1, (char *) s2, len2);
+}
+
+#if defined(__GNUC__) || defined(__clang__)
+#pragma GCC diagnostic pop
+#endif
+
+#endif // STB_TRUETYPE_IMPLEMENTATION
+
+
+// FULL VERSION HISTORY
+//
+//   1.25 (2021-07-11) many fixes
+//   1.24 (2020-02-05) fix warning
+//   1.23 (2020-02-02) query SVG data for glyphs; query whole kerning table (but only kern not GPOS)
+//   1.22 (2019-08-11) minimize missing-glyph duplication; fix kerning if both 'GPOS' and 'kern' are defined
+//   1.21 (2019-02-25) fix warning
+//   1.20 (2019-02-07) PackFontRange skips missing codepoints; GetScaleFontVMetrics()
+//   1.19 (2018-02-11) OpenType GPOS kerning (horizontal only), STBTT_fmod
+//   1.18 (2018-01-29) add missing function
+//   1.17 (2017-07-23) make more arguments const; doc fix
+//   1.16 (2017-07-12) SDF support
+//   1.15 (2017-03-03) make more arguments const
+//   1.14 (2017-01-16) num-fonts-in-TTC function
+//   1.13 (2017-01-02) support OpenType fonts, certain Apple fonts
+//   1.12 (2016-10-25) suppress warnings about casting away const with -Wcast-qual
+//   1.11 (2016-04-02) fix unused-variable warning
+//   1.10 (2016-04-02) allow user-defined fabs() replacement
+//                     fix memory leak if fontsize=0.0
+//                     fix warning from duplicate typedef
+//   1.09 (2016-01-16) warning fix; avoid crash on outofmem; use alloc userdata for PackFontRanges
+//   1.08 (2015-09-13) document stbtt_Rasterize(); fixes for vertical & horizontal edges
+//   1.07 (2015-08-01) allow PackFontRanges to accept arrays of sparse codepoints;
+//                     allow PackFontRanges to pack and render in separate phases;
+//                     fix stbtt_GetFontOFfsetForIndex (never worked for non-0 input?);
+//                     fixed an assert() bug in the new rasterizer
+//                     replace assert() with STBTT_assert() in new rasterizer
+//   1.06 (2015-07-14) performance improvements (~35% faster on x86 and x64 on test machine)
+//                     also more precise AA rasterizer, except if shapes overlap
+//                     remove need for STBTT_sort
+//   1.05 (2015-04-15) fix misplaced definitions for STBTT_STATIC
+//   1.04 (2015-04-15) typo in example
+//   1.03 (2015-04-12) STBTT_STATIC, fix memory leak in new packing, various fixes
+//   1.02 (2014-12-10) fix various warnings & compile issues w/ stb_rect_pack, C++
+//   1.01 (2014-12-08) fix subpixel position when oversampling to exactly match
+//                        non-oversampled; STBTT_POINT_SIZE for packed case only
+//   1.00 (2014-12-06) add new PackBegin etc. API, w/ support for oversampling
+//   0.99 (2014-09-18) fix multiple bugs with subpixel rendering (ryg)
+//   0.9  (2014-08-07) support certain mac/iOS fonts without an MS platformID
+//   0.8b (2014-07-07) fix a warning
+//   0.8  (2014-05-25) fix a few more warnings
+//   0.7  (2013-09-25) bugfix: subpixel glyph bug fixed in 0.5 had come back
+//   0.6c (2012-07-24) improve documentation
+//   0.6b (2012-07-20) fix a few more warnings
+//   0.6  (2012-07-17) fix warnings; added stbtt_ScaleForMappingEmToPixels,
+//                        stbtt_GetFontBoundingBox, stbtt_IsGlyphEmpty
+//   0.5  (2011-12-09) bugfixes:
+//                        subpixel glyph renderer computed wrong bounding box
+//                        first vertex of shape can be off-curve (FreeSans)
+//   0.4b (2011-12-03) fixed an error in the font baking example
+//   0.4  (2011-12-01) kerning, subpixel rendering (tor)
+//                    bugfixes for:
+//                        codepoint-to-glyph conversion using table fmt=12
+//                        codepoint-to-glyph conversion using table fmt=4
+//                        stbtt_GetBakedQuad with non-square texture (Zer)
+//                    updated Hello World! sample to use kerning and subpixel
+//                    fixed some warnings
+//   0.3  (2009-06-24) cmap fmt=12, compound shapes (MM)
+//                    userdata, malloc-from-userdata, non-zero fill (stb)
+//   0.2  (2009-03-11) Fix unsigned/signed char warnings
+//   0.1  (2009-03-09) First public release
+//
+
+/*
+------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+This software is available under 2 licenses -- choose whichever you prefer.
+------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ALTERNATIVE A - MIT License
+Copyright (c) 2017 Sean Barrett
+Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of
+this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal in
+the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights to
+use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies
+of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do
+so, subject to the following conditions:
+The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
+copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
+SOFTWARE.
+------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ALTERNATIVE B - Public Domain (www.unlicense.org)
+This is free and unencumbered software released into the public domain.
+Anyone is free to copy, modify, publish, use, compile, sell, or distribute this
+software, either in source code form or as a compiled binary, for any purpose,
+commercial or non-commercial, and by any means.
+In jurisdictions that recognize copyright laws, the author or authors of this
+software dedicate any and all copyright interest in the software to the public
+domain. We make this dedication for the benefit of the public at large and to
+the detriment of our heirs and successors. We intend this dedication to be an
+overt act of relinquishment in perpetuity of all present and future rights to
+this software under copyright law.
+THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+AUTHORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN
+ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION
+WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
+------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+*/
diff --git a/fggl/stb/stb_vorbis.h b/fggl/stb/stb_vorbis.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3e5c250
--- /dev/null
+++ b/fggl/stb/stb_vorbis.h
@@ -0,0 +1,5584 @@
+// Ogg Vorbis audio decoder - v1.22 - public domain
+// http://nothings.org/stb_vorbis/
+//
+// Original version written by Sean Barrett in 2007.
+//
+// Originally sponsored by RAD Game Tools. Seeking implementation
+// sponsored by Phillip Bennefall, Marc Andersen, Aaron Baker,
+// Elias Software, Aras Pranckevicius, and Sean Barrett.
+//
+// LICENSE
+//
+//   See end of file for license information.
+//
+// Limitations:
+//
+//   - floor 0 not supported (used in old ogg vorbis files pre-2004)
+//   - lossless sample-truncation at beginning ignored
+//   - cannot concatenate multiple vorbis streams
+//   - sample positions are 32-bit, limiting seekable 192Khz
+//       files to around 6 hours (Ogg supports 64-bit)
+//
+// Feature contributors:
+//    Dougall Johnson (sample-exact seeking)
+//
+// Bugfix/warning contributors:
+//    Terje Mathisen     Niklas Frykholm     Andy Hill
+//    Casey Muratori     John Bolton         Gargaj
+//    Laurent Gomila     Marc LeBlanc        Ronny Chevalier
+//    Bernhard Wodo      Evan Balster        github:alxprd
+//    Tom Beaumont       Ingo Leitgeb        Nicolas Guillemot
+//    Phillip Bennefall  Rohit               Thiago Goulart
+//    github:manxorist   Saga Musix          github:infatum
+//    Timur Gagiev       Maxwell Koo         Peter Waller
+//    github:audinowho   Dougall Johnson     David Reid
+//    github:Clownacy    Pedro J. Estebanez  Remi Verschelde
+//    AnthoFoxo          github:morlat       Gabriel Ravier
+//
+// Partial history:
+//    1.22    - 2021-07-11 - various small fixes
+//    1.21    - 2021-07-02 - fix bug for files with no comments
+//    1.20    - 2020-07-11 - several small fixes
+//    1.19    - 2020-02-05 - warnings
+//    1.18    - 2020-02-02 - fix seek bugs; parse header comments; misc warnings etc.
+//    1.17    - 2019-07-08 - fix CVE-2019-13217..CVE-2019-13223 (by ForAllSecure)
+//    1.16    - 2019-03-04 - fix warnings
+//    1.15    - 2019-02-07 - explicit failure if Ogg Skeleton data is found
+//    1.14    - 2018-02-11 - delete bogus dealloca usage
+//    1.13    - 2018-01-29 - fix truncation of last frame (hopefully)
+//    1.12    - 2017-11-21 - limit residue begin/end to blocksize/2 to avoid large temp allocs in bad/corrupt files
+//    1.11    - 2017-07-23 - fix MinGW compilation
+//    1.10    - 2017-03-03 - more robust seeking; fix negative ilog(); clear error in open_memory
+//    1.09    - 2016-04-04 - back out 'truncation of last frame' fix from previous version
+//    1.08    - 2016-04-02 - warnings; setup memory leaks; truncation of last frame
+//    1.07    - 2015-01-16 - fixes for crashes on invalid files; warning fixes; const
+//    1.06    - 2015-08-31 - full, correct support for seeking API (Dougall Johnson)
+//                           some crash fixes when out of memory or with corrupt files
+//                           fix some inappropriately signed shifts
+//    1.05    - 2015-04-19 - don't define __forceinline if it's redundant
+//    1.04    - 2014-08-27 - fix missing const-correct case in API
+//    1.03    - 2014-08-07 - warning fixes
+//    1.02    - 2014-07-09 - declare qsort comparison as explicitly _cdecl in Windows
+//    1.01    - 2014-06-18 - fix stb_vorbis_get_samples_float (interleaved was correct)
+//    1.0     - 2014-05-26 - fix memory leaks; fix warnings; fix bugs in >2-channel;
+//                           (API change) report sample rate for decode-full-file funcs
+//
+// See end of file for full version history.
+
+
+//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+//
+//  HEADER BEGINS HERE
+//
+
+#ifndef STB_VORBIS_INCLUDE_STB_VORBIS_H
+#define STB_VORBIS_INCLUDE_STB_VORBIS_H
+
+#if defined(STB_VORBIS_NO_CRT) && !defined(STB_VORBIS_NO_STDIO)
+#define STB_VORBIS_NO_STDIO 1
+#endif
+
+#ifndef STB_VORBIS_NO_STDIO
+#include <stdio.h>
+#endif
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+extern "C" {
+#endif
+
+///////////   THREAD SAFETY
+
+// Individual stb_vorbis* handles are not thread-safe; you cannot decode from
+// them from multiple threads at the same time. However, you can have multiple
+// stb_vorbis* handles and decode from them independently in multiple thrads.
+
+
+///////////   MEMORY ALLOCATION
+
+// normally stb_vorbis uses malloc() to allocate memory at startup,
+// and alloca() to allocate temporary memory during a frame on the
+// stack. (Memory consumption will depend on the amount of setup
+// data in the file and how you set the compile flags for speed
+// vs. size. In my test files the maximal-size usage is ~150KB.)
+//
+// You can modify the wrapper functions in the source (setup_malloc,
+// setup_temp_malloc, temp_malloc) to change this behavior, or you
+// can use a simpler allocation model: you pass in a buffer from
+// which stb_vorbis will allocate _all_ its memory (including the
+// temp memory). "open" may fail with a VORBIS_outofmem if you
+// do not pass in enough data; there is no way to determine how
+// much you do need except to succeed (at which point you can
+// query get_info to find the exact amount required. yes I know
+// this is lame).
+//
+// If you pass in a non-NULL buffer of the type below, allocation
+// will occur from it as described above. Otherwise just pass NULL
+// to use malloc()/alloca()
+
+typedef struct
+{
+   char *alloc_buffer;
+   int   alloc_buffer_length_in_bytes;
+} stb_vorbis_alloc;
+
+
+///////////   FUNCTIONS USEABLE WITH ALL INPUT MODES
+
+typedef struct stb_vorbis stb_vorbis;
+
+typedef struct
+{
+   unsigned int sample_rate;
+   int channels;
+
+   unsigned int setup_memory_required;
+   unsigned int setup_temp_memory_required;
+   unsigned int temp_memory_required;
+
+   int max_frame_size;
+} stb_vorbis_info;
+
+typedef struct
+{
+   char *vendor;
+
+   int comment_list_length;
+   char **comment_list;
+} stb_vorbis_comment;
+
+// get general information about the file
+extern stb_vorbis_info stb_vorbis_get_info(stb_vorbis *f);
+
+// get ogg comments
+extern stb_vorbis_comment stb_vorbis_get_comment(stb_vorbis *f);
+
+// get the last error detected (clears it, too)
+extern int stb_vorbis_get_error(stb_vorbis *f);
+
+// close an ogg vorbis file and free all memory in use
+extern void stb_vorbis_close(stb_vorbis *f);
+
+// this function returns the offset (in samples) from the beginning of the
+// file that will be returned by the next decode, if it is known, or -1
+// otherwise. after a flush_pushdata() call, this may take a while before
+// it becomes valid again.
+// NOT WORKING YET after a seek with PULLDATA API
+extern int stb_vorbis_get_sample_offset(stb_vorbis *f);
+
+// returns the current seek point within the file, or offset from the beginning
+// of the memory buffer. In pushdata mode it returns 0.
+extern unsigned int stb_vorbis_get_file_offset(stb_vorbis *f);
+
+///////////   PUSHDATA API
+
+#ifndef STB_VORBIS_NO_PUSHDATA_API
+
+// this API allows you to get blocks of data from any source and hand
+// them to stb_vorbis. you have to buffer them; stb_vorbis will tell
+// you how much it used, and you have to give it the rest next time;
+// and stb_vorbis may not have enough data to work with and you will
+// need to give it the same data again PLUS more. Note that the Vorbis
+// specification does not bound the size of an individual frame.
+
+extern stb_vorbis *stb_vorbis_open_pushdata(
+         const unsigned char * datablock, int datablock_length_in_bytes,
+         int *datablock_memory_consumed_in_bytes,
+         int *error,
+         const stb_vorbis_alloc *alloc_buffer);
+// create a vorbis decoder by passing in the initial data block containing
+//    the ogg&vorbis headers (you don't need to do parse them, just provide
+//    the first N bytes of the file--you're told if it's not enough, see below)
+// on success, returns an stb_vorbis *, does not set error, returns the amount of
+//    data parsed/consumed on this call in *datablock_memory_consumed_in_bytes;
+// on failure, returns NULL on error and sets *error, does not change *datablock_memory_consumed
+// if returns NULL and *error is VORBIS_need_more_data, then the input block was
+//       incomplete and you need to pass in a larger block from the start of the file
+
+extern int stb_vorbis_decode_frame_pushdata(
+         stb_vorbis *f,
+         const unsigned char *datablock, int datablock_length_in_bytes,
+         int *channels,             // place to write number of float * buffers
+         float ***output,           // place to write float ** array of float * buffers
+         int *samples               // place to write number of output samples
+     );
+// decode a frame of audio sample data if possible from the passed-in data block
+//
+// return value: number of bytes we used from datablock
+//
+// possible cases:
+//     0 bytes used, 0 samples output (need more data)
+//     N bytes used, 0 samples output (resynching the stream, keep going)
+//     N bytes used, M samples output (one frame of data)
+// note that after opening a file, you will ALWAYS get one N-bytes,0-sample
+// frame, because Vorbis always "discards" the first frame.
+//
+// Note that on resynch, stb_vorbis will rarely consume all of the buffer,
+// instead only datablock_length_in_bytes-3 or less. This is because it wants
+// to avoid missing parts of a page header if they cross a datablock boundary,
+// without writing state-machiney code to record a partial detection.
+//
+// The number of channels returned are stored in *channels (which can be
+// NULL--it is always the same as the number of channels reported by
+// get_info). *output will contain an array of float* buffers, one per
+// channel. In other words, (*output)[0][0] contains the first sample from
+// the first channel, and (*output)[1][0] contains the first sample from
+// the second channel.
+//
+// *output points into stb_vorbis's internal output buffer storage; these
+// buffers are owned by stb_vorbis and application code should not free
+// them or modify their contents. They are transient and will be overwritten
+// once you ask for more data to get decoded, so be sure to grab any data
+// you need before then.
+
+extern void stb_vorbis_flush_pushdata(stb_vorbis *f);
+// inform stb_vorbis that your next datablock will not be contiguous with
+// previous ones (e.g. you've seeked in the data); future attempts to decode
+// frames will cause stb_vorbis to resynchronize (as noted above), and
+// once it sees a valid Ogg page (typically 4-8KB, as large as 64KB), it
+// will begin decoding the _next_ frame.
+//
+// if you want to seek using pushdata, you need to seek in your file, then
+// call stb_vorbis_flush_pushdata(), then start calling decoding, then once
+// decoding is returning you data, call stb_vorbis_get_sample_offset, and
+// if you don't like the result, seek your file again and repeat.
+#endif
+
+
+//////////   PULLING INPUT API
+
+#ifndef STB_VORBIS_NO_PULLDATA_API
+// This API assumes stb_vorbis is allowed to pull data from a source--
+// either a block of memory containing the _entire_ vorbis stream, or a
+// FILE * that you or it create, or possibly some other reading mechanism
+// if you go modify the source to replace the FILE * case with some kind
+// of callback to your code. (But if you don't support seeking, you may
+// just want to go ahead and use pushdata.)
+
+#if !defined(STB_VORBIS_NO_STDIO) && !defined(STB_VORBIS_NO_INTEGER_CONVERSION)
+extern int stb_vorbis_decode_filename(const char *filename, int *channels, int *sample_rate, short **output);
+#endif
+#if !defined(STB_VORBIS_NO_INTEGER_CONVERSION)
+extern int stb_vorbis_decode_memory(const unsigned char *mem, int len, int *channels, int *sample_rate, short **output);
+#endif
+// decode an entire file and output the data interleaved into a malloc()ed
+// buffer stored in *output. The return value is the number of samples
+// decoded, or -1 if the file could not be opened or was not an ogg vorbis file.
+// When you're done with it, just free() the pointer returned in *output.
+
+extern stb_vorbis * stb_vorbis_open_memory(const unsigned char *data, int len,
+                                  int *error, const stb_vorbis_alloc *alloc_buffer);
+// create an ogg vorbis decoder from an ogg vorbis stream in memory (note
+// this must be the entire stream!). on failure, returns NULL and sets *error
+
+#ifndef STB_VORBIS_NO_STDIO
+extern stb_vorbis * stb_vorbis_open_filename(const char *filename,
+                                  int *error, const stb_vorbis_alloc *alloc_buffer);
+// create an ogg vorbis decoder from a filename via fopen(). on failure,
+// returns NULL and sets *error (possibly to VORBIS_file_open_failure).
+
+extern stb_vorbis * stb_vorbis_open_file(FILE *f, int close_handle_on_close,
+                                  int *error, const stb_vorbis_alloc *alloc_buffer);
+// create an ogg vorbis decoder from an open FILE *, looking for a stream at
+// the _current_ seek point (ftell). on failure, returns NULL and sets *error.
+// note that stb_vorbis must "own" this stream; if you seek it in between
+// calls to stb_vorbis, it will become confused. Moreover, if you attempt to
+// perform stb_vorbis_seek_*() operations on this file, it will assume it
+// owns the _entire_ rest of the file after the start point. Use the next
+// function, stb_vorbis_open_file_section(), to limit it.
+
+extern stb_vorbis * stb_vorbis_open_file_section(FILE *f, int close_handle_on_close,
+                int *error, const stb_vorbis_alloc *alloc_buffer, unsigned int len);
+// create an ogg vorbis decoder from an open FILE *, looking for a stream at
+// the _current_ seek point (ftell); the stream will be of length 'len' bytes.
+// on failure, returns NULL and sets *error. note that stb_vorbis must "own"
+// this stream; if you seek it in between calls to stb_vorbis, it will become
+// confused.
+#endif
+
+extern int stb_vorbis_seek_frame(stb_vorbis *f, unsigned int sample_number);
+extern int stb_vorbis_seek(stb_vorbis *f, unsigned int sample_number);
+// these functions seek in the Vorbis file to (approximately) 'sample_number'.
+// after calling seek_frame(), the next call to get_frame_*() will include
+// the specified sample. after calling stb_vorbis_seek(), the next call to
+// stb_vorbis_get_samples_* will start with the specified sample. If you
+// do not need to seek to EXACTLY the target sample when using get_samples_*,
+// you can also use seek_frame().
+
+extern int stb_vorbis_seek_start(stb_vorbis *f);
+// this function is equivalent to stb_vorbis_seek(f,0)
+
+extern unsigned int stb_vorbis_stream_length_in_samples(stb_vorbis *f);
+extern float        stb_vorbis_stream_length_in_seconds(stb_vorbis *f);
+// these functions return the total length of the vorbis stream
+
+extern int stb_vorbis_get_frame_float(stb_vorbis *f, int *channels, float ***output);
+// decode the next frame and return the number of samples. the number of
+// channels returned are stored in *channels (which can be NULL--it is always
+// the same as the number of channels reported by get_info). *output will
+// contain an array of float* buffers, one per channel. These outputs will
+// be overwritten on the next call to stb_vorbis_get_frame_*.
+//
+// You generally should not intermix calls to stb_vorbis_get_frame_*()
+// and stb_vorbis_get_samples_*(), since the latter calls the former.
+
+#ifndef STB_VORBIS_NO_INTEGER_CONVERSION
+extern int stb_vorbis_get_frame_short_interleaved(stb_vorbis *f, int num_c, short *buffer, int num_shorts);
+extern int stb_vorbis_get_frame_short            (stb_vorbis *f, int num_c, short **buffer, int num_samples);
+#endif
+// decode the next frame and return the number of *samples* per channel.
+// Note that for interleaved data, you pass in the number of shorts (the
+// size of your array), but the return value is the number of samples per
+// channel, not the total number of samples.
+//
+// The data is coerced to the number of channels you request according to the
+// channel coercion rules (see below). You must pass in the size of your
+// buffer(s) so that stb_vorbis will not overwrite the end of the buffer.
+// The maximum buffer size needed can be gotten from get_info(); however,
+// the Vorbis I specification implies an absolute maximum of 4096 samples
+// per channel.
+
+// Channel coercion rules:
+//    Let M be the number of channels requested, and N the number of channels present,
+//    and Cn be the nth channel; let stereo L be the sum of all L and center channels,
+//    and stereo R be the sum of all R and center channels (channel assignment from the
+//    vorbis spec).
+//        M    N       output
+//        1    k      sum(Ck) for all k
+//        2    *      stereo L, stereo R
+//        k    l      k > l, the first l channels, then 0s
+//        k    l      k <= l, the first k channels
+//    Note that this is not _good_ surround etc. mixing at all! It's just so
+//    you get something useful.
+
+extern int stb_vorbis_get_samples_float_interleaved(stb_vorbis *f, int channels, float *buffer, int num_floats);
+extern int stb_vorbis_get_samples_float(stb_vorbis *f, int channels, float **buffer, int num_samples);
+// gets num_samples samples, not necessarily on a frame boundary--this requires
+// buffering so you have to supply the buffers. DOES NOT APPLY THE COERCION RULES.
+// Returns the number of samples stored per channel; it may be less than requested
+// at the end of the file. If there are no more samples in the file, returns 0.
+
+#ifndef STB_VORBIS_NO_INTEGER_CONVERSION
+extern int stb_vorbis_get_samples_short_interleaved(stb_vorbis *f, int channels, short *buffer, int num_shorts);
+extern int stb_vorbis_get_samples_short(stb_vorbis *f, int channels, short **buffer, int num_samples);
+#endif
+// gets num_samples samples, not necessarily on a frame boundary--this requires
+// buffering so you have to supply the buffers. Applies the coercion rules above
+// to produce 'channels' channels. Returns the number of samples stored per channel;
+// it may be less than requested at the end of the file. If there are no more
+// samples in the file, returns 0.
+
+#endif
+
+////////   ERROR CODES
+
+enum STBVorbisError
+{
+   VORBIS__no_error,
+
+   VORBIS_need_more_data=1,             // not a real error
+
+   VORBIS_invalid_api_mixing,           // can't mix API modes
+   VORBIS_outofmem,                     // not enough memory
+   VORBIS_feature_not_supported,        // uses floor 0
+   VORBIS_too_many_channels,            // STB_VORBIS_MAX_CHANNELS is too small
+   VORBIS_file_open_failure,            // fopen() failed
+   VORBIS_seek_without_length,          // can't seek in unknown-length file
+
+   VORBIS_unexpected_eof=10,            // file is truncated?
+   VORBIS_seek_invalid,                 // seek past EOF
+
+   // decoding errors (corrupt/invalid stream) -- you probably
+   // don't care about the exact details of these
+
+   // vorbis errors:
+   VORBIS_invalid_setup=20,
+   VORBIS_invalid_stream,
+
+   // ogg errors:
+   VORBIS_missing_capture_pattern=30,
+   VORBIS_invalid_stream_structure_version,
+   VORBIS_continued_packet_flag_invalid,
+   VORBIS_incorrect_stream_serial_number,
+   VORBIS_invalid_first_page,
+   VORBIS_bad_packet_type,
+   VORBIS_cant_find_last_page,
+   VORBIS_seek_failed,
+   VORBIS_ogg_skeleton_not_supported
+};
+
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+}
+#endif
+
+#endif // STB_VORBIS_INCLUDE_STB_VORBIS_H
+//
+//  HEADER ENDS HERE
+//
+//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+
+#ifndef STB_VORBIS_HEADER_ONLY
+
+// global configuration settings (e.g. set these in the project/makefile),
+// or just set them in this file at the top (although ideally the first few
+// should be visible when the header file is compiled too, although it's not
+// crucial)
+
+// STB_VORBIS_NO_PUSHDATA_API
+//     does not compile the code for the various stb_vorbis_*_pushdata()
+//     functions
+// #define STB_VORBIS_NO_PUSHDATA_API
+
+// STB_VORBIS_NO_PULLDATA_API
+//     does not compile the code for the non-pushdata APIs
+// #define STB_VORBIS_NO_PULLDATA_API
+
+// STB_VORBIS_NO_STDIO
+//     does not compile the code for the APIs that use FILE *s internally
+//     or externally (implied by STB_VORBIS_NO_PULLDATA_API)
+// #define STB_VORBIS_NO_STDIO
+
+// STB_VORBIS_NO_INTEGER_CONVERSION
+//     does not compile the code for converting audio sample data from
+//     float to integer (implied by STB_VORBIS_NO_PULLDATA_API)
+// #define STB_VORBIS_NO_INTEGER_CONVERSION
+
+// STB_VORBIS_NO_FAST_SCALED_FLOAT
+//      does not use a fast float-to-int trick to accelerate float-to-int on
+//      most platforms which requires endianness be defined correctly.
+//#define STB_VORBIS_NO_FAST_SCALED_FLOAT
+
+
+// STB_VORBIS_MAX_CHANNELS [number]
+//     globally define this to the maximum number of channels you need.
+//     The spec does not put a restriction on channels except that
+//     the count is stored in a byte, so 255 is the hard limit.
+//     Reducing this saves about 16 bytes per value, so using 16 saves
+//     (255-16)*16 or around 4KB. Plus anything other memory usage
+//     I forgot to account for. Can probably go as low as 8 (7.1 audio),
+//     6 (5.1 audio), or 2 (stereo only).
+#ifndef STB_VORBIS_MAX_CHANNELS
+#define STB_VORBIS_MAX_CHANNELS    16  // enough for anyone?
+#endif
+
+// STB_VORBIS_PUSHDATA_CRC_COUNT [number]
+//     after a flush_pushdata(), stb_vorbis begins scanning for the
+//     next valid page, without backtracking. when it finds something
+//     that looks like a page, it streams through it and verifies its
+//     CRC32. Should that validation fail, it keeps scanning. But it's
+//     possible that _while_ streaming through to check the CRC32 of
+//     one candidate page, it sees another candidate page. This #define
+//     determines how many "overlapping" candidate pages it can search
+//     at once. Note that "real" pages are typically ~4KB to ~8KB, whereas
+//     garbage pages could be as big as 64KB, but probably average ~16KB.
+//     So don't hose ourselves by scanning an apparent 64KB page and
+//     missing a ton of real ones in the interim; so minimum of 2
+#ifndef STB_VORBIS_PUSHDATA_CRC_COUNT
+#define STB_VORBIS_PUSHDATA_CRC_COUNT  4
+#endif
+
+// STB_VORBIS_FAST_HUFFMAN_LENGTH [number]
+//     sets the log size of the huffman-acceleration table.  Maximum
+//     supported value is 24. with larger numbers, more decodings are O(1),
+//     but the table size is larger so worse cache missing, so you'll have
+//     to probe (and try multiple ogg vorbis files) to find the sweet spot.
+#ifndef STB_VORBIS_FAST_HUFFMAN_LENGTH
+#define STB_VORBIS_FAST_HUFFMAN_LENGTH   10
+#endif
+
+// STB_VORBIS_FAST_BINARY_LENGTH [number]
+//     sets the log size of the binary-search acceleration table. this
+//     is used in similar fashion to the fast-huffman size to set initial
+//     parameters for the binary search
+
+// STB_VORBIS_FAST_HUFFMAN_INT
+//     The fast huffman tables are much more efficient if they can be
+//     stored as 16-bit results instead of 32-bit results. This restricts
+//     the codebooks to having only 65535 possible outcomes, though.
+//     (At least, accelerated by the huffman table.)
+#ifndef STB_VORBIS_FAST_HUFFMAN_INT
+#define STB_VORBIS_FAST_HUFFMAN_SHORT
+#endif
+
+// STB_VORBIS_NO_HUFFMAN_BINARY_SEARCH
+//     If the 'fast huffman' search doesn't succeed, then stb_vorbis falls
+//     back on binary searching for the correct one. This requires storing
+//     extra tables with the huffman codes in sorted order. Defining this
+//     symbol trades off space for speed by forcing a linear search in the
+//     non-fast case, except for "sparse" codebooks.
+// #define STB_VORBIS_NO_HUFFMAN_BINARY_SEARCH
+
+// STB_VORBIS_DIVIDES_IN_RESIDUE
+//     stb_vorbis precomputes the result of the scalar residue decoding
+//     that would otherwise require a divide per chunk. you can trade off
+//     space for time by defining this symbol.
+// #define STB_VORBIS_DIVIDES_IN_RESIDUE
+
+// STB_VORBIS_DIVIDES_IN_CODEBOOK
+//     vorbis VQ codebooks can be encoded two ways: with every case explicitly
+//     stored, or with all elements being chosen from a small range of values,
+//     and all values possible in all elements. By default, stb_vorbis expands
+//     this latter kind out to look like the former kind for ease of decoding,
+//     because otherwise an integer divide-per-vector-element is required to
+//     unpack the index. If you define STB_VORBIS_DIVIDES_IN_CODEBOOK, you can
+//     trade off storage for speed.
+//#define STB_VORBIS_DIVIDES_IN_CODEBOOK
+
+#ifdef STB_VORBIS_CODEBOOK_SHORTS
+#error "STB_VORBIS_CODEBOOK_SHORTS is no longer supported as it produced incorrect results for some input formats"
+#endif
+
+// STB_VORBIS_DIVIDE_TABLE
+//     this replaces small integer divides in the floor decode loop with
+//     table lookups. made less than 1% difference, so disabled by default.
+
+// STB_VORBIS_NO_INLINE_DECODE
+//     disables the inlining of the scalar codebook fast-huffman decode.
+//     might save a little codespace; useful for debugging
+// #define STB_VORBIS_NO_INLINE_DECODE
+
+// STB_VORBIS_NO_DEFER_FLOOR
+//     Normally we only decode the floor without synthesizing the actual
+//     full curve. We can instead synthesize the curve immediately. This
+//     requires more memory and is very likely slower, so I don't think
+//     you'd ever want to do it except for debugging.
+// #define STB_VORBIS_NO_DEFER_FLOOR
+
+
+
+
+//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+
+#ifdef STB_VORBIS_NO_PULLDATA_API
+   #define STB_VORBIS_NO_INTEGER_CONVERSION
+   #define STB_VORBIS_NO_STDIO
+#endif
+
+#if defined(STB_VORBIS_NO_CRT) && !defined(STB_VORBIS_NO_STDIO)
+   #define STB_VORBIS_NO_STDIO 1
+#endif
+
+#ifndef STB_VORBIS_NO_INTEGER_CONVERSION
+#ifndef STB_VORBIS_NO_FAST_SCALED_FLOAT
+
+   // only need endianness for fast-float-to-int, which we don't
+   // use for pushdata
+
+   #ifndef STB_VORBIS_BIG_ENDIAN
+     #define STB_VORBIS_ENDIAN  0
+   #else
+     #define STB_VORBIS_ENDIAN  1
+   #endif
+
+#endif
+#endif
+
+
+#ifndef STB_VORBIS_NO_STDIO
+#include <stdio.h>
+#endif
+
+#ifndef STB_VORBIS_NO_CRT
+   #include <stdlib.h>
+   #include <string.h>
+   #include <assert.h>
+   #include <math.h>
+
+   // find definition of alloca if it's not in stdlib.h:
+   #if defined(_MSC_VER) || defined(__MINGW32__)
+      #include <malloc.h>
+   #endif
+   #if defined(__linux__) || defined(__linux) || defined(__sun__) || defined(__EMSCRIPTEN__) || defined(__NEWLIB__)
+      #include <alloca.h>
+   #endif
+#else // STB_VORBIS_NO_CRT
+   #define NULL 0
+   #define malloc(s)   0
+   #define free(s)     ((void) 0)
+   #define realloc(s)  0
+#endif // STB_VORBIS_NO_CRT
+
+#include <limits.h>
+
+#ifdef __MINGW32__
+   // eff you mingw:
+   //     "fixed":
+   //         http://sourceforge.net/p/mingw-w64/mailman/message/32882927/
+   //     "no that broke the build, reverted, who cares about C":
+   //         http://sourceforge.net/p/mingw-w64/mailman/message/32890381/
+   #ifdef __forceinline
+   #undef __forceinline
+   #endif
+   #define __forceinline
+   #ifndef alloca
+   #define alloca __builtin_alloca
+   #endif
+#elif !defined(_MSC_VER)
+   #if __GNUC__
+      #define __forceinline inline
+   #else
+      #define __forceinline
+   #endif
+#endif
+
+#if STB_VORBIS_MAX_CHANNELS > 256
+#error "Value of STB_VORBIS_MAX_CHANNELS outside of allowed range"
+#endif
+
+#if STB_VORBIS_FAST_HUFFMAN_LENGTH > 24
+#error "Value of STB_VORBIS_FAST_HUFFMAN_LENGTH outside of allowed range"
+#endif
+
+
+#if 0
+#include <crtdbg.h>
+#define CHECK(f)   _CrtIsValidHeapPointer(f->channel_buffers[1])
+#else
+#define CHECK(f)   ((void) 0)
+#endif
+
+#define MAX_BLOCKSIZE_LOG  13   // from specification
+#define MAX_BLOCKSIZE      (1 << MAX_BLOCKSIZE_LOG)
+
+
+typedef unsigned char  uint8;
+typedef   signed char   int8;
+typedef unsigned short uint16;
+typedef   signed short  int16;
+typedef unsigned int   uint32;
+typedef   signed int    int32;
+
+#ifndef TRUE
+#define TRUE 1
+#define FALSE 0
+#endif
+
+typedef float codetype;
+
+#ifdef _MSC_VER
+#define STBV_NOTUSED(v)  (void)(v)
+#else
+#define STBV_NOTUSED(v)  (void)sizeof(v)
+#endif
+
+// @NOTE
+//
+// Some arrays below are tagged "//varies", which means it's actually
+// a variable-sized piece of data, but rather than malloc I assume it's
+// small enough it's better to just allocate it all together with the
+// main thing
+//
+// Most of the variables are specified with the smallest size I could pack
+// them into. It might give better performance to make them all full-sized
+// integers. It should be safe to freely rearrange the structures or change
+// the sizes larger--nothing relies on silently truncating etc., nor the
+// order of variables.
+
+#define FAST_HUFFMAN_TABLE_SIZE   (1 << STB_VORBIS_FAST_HUFFMAN_LENGTH)
+#define FAST_HUFFMAN_TABLE_MASK   (FAST_HUFFMAN_TABLE_SIZE - 1)
+
+typedef struct
+{
+   int dimensions, entries;
+   uint8 *codeword_lengths;
+   float  minimum_value;
+   float  delta_value;
+   uint8  value_bits;
+   uint8  lookup_type;
+   uint8  sequence_p;
+   uint8  sparse;
+   uint32 lookup_values;
+   codetype *multiplicands;
+   uint32 *codewords;
+   #ifdef STB_VORBIS_FAST_HUFFMAN_SHORT
+    int16  fast_huffman[FAST_HUFFMAN_TABLE_SIZE];
+   #else
+    int32  fast_huffman[FAST_HUFFMAN_TABLE_SIZE];
+   #endif
+   uint32 *sorted_codewords;
+   int    *sorted_values;
+   int     sorted_entries;
+} Codebook;
+
+typedef struct
+{
+   uint8 order;
+   uint16 rate;
+   uint16 bark_map_size;
+   uint8 amplitude_bits;
+   uint8 amplitude_offset;
+   uint8 number_of_books;
+   uint8 book_list[16]; // varies
+} Floor0;
+
+typedef struct
+{
+   uint8 partitions;
+   uint8 partition_class_list[32]; // varies
+   uint8 class_dimensions[16]; // varies
+   uint8 class_subclasses[16]; // varies
+   uint8 class_masterbooks[16]; // varies
+   int16 subclass_books[16][8]; // varies
+   uint16 Xlist[31*8+2]; // varies
+   uint8 sorted_order[31*8+2];
+   uint8 neighbors[31*8+2][2];
+   uint8 floor1_multiplier;
+   uint8 rangebits;
+   int values;
+} Floor1;
+
+typedef union
+{
+   Floor0 floor0;
+   Floor1 floor1;
+} Floor;
+
+typedef struct
+{
+   uint32 begin, end;
+   uint32 part_size;
+   uint8 classifications;
+   uint8 classbook;
+   uint8 **classdata;
+   int16 (*residue_books)[8];
+} Residue;
+
+typedef struct
+{
+   uint8 magnitude;
+   uint8 angle;
+   uint8 mux;
+} MappingChannel;
+
+typedef struct
+{
+   uint16 coupling_steps;
+   MappingChannel *chan;
+   uint8  submaps;
+   uint8  submap_floor[15]; // varies
+   uint8  submap_residue[15]; // varies
+} Mapping;
+
+typedef struct
+{
+   uint8 blockflag;
+   uint8 mapping;
+   uint16 windowtype;
+   uint16 transformtype;
+} Mode;
+
+typedef struct
+{
+   uint32  goal_crc;    // expected crc if match
+   int     bytes_left;  // bytes left in packet
+   uint32  crc_so_far;  // running crc
+   int     bytes_done;  // bytes processed in _current_ chunk
+   uint32  sample_loc;  // granule pos encoded in page
+} CRCscan;
+
+typedef struct
+{
+   uint32 page_start, page_end;
+   uint32 last_decoded_sample;
+} ProbedPage;
+
+struct stb_vorbis
+{
+  // user-accessible info
+   unsigned int sample_rate;
+   int channels;
+
+   unsigned int setup_memory_required;
+   unsigned int temp_memory_required;
+   unsigned int setup_temp_memory_required;
+
+   char *vendor;
+   int comment_list_length;
+   char **comment_list;
+
+  // input config
+#ifndef STB_VORBIS_NO_STDIO
+   FILE *f;
+   uint32 f_start;
+   int close_on_free;
+#endif
+
+   uint8 *stream;
+   uint8 *stream_start;
+   uint8 *stream_end;
+
+   uint32 stream_len;
+
+   uint8  push_mode;
+
+   // the page to seek to when seeking to start, may be zero
+   uint32 first_audio_page_offset;
+
+   // p_first is the page on which the first audio packet ends
+   // (but not necessarily the page on which it starts)
+   ProbedPage p_first, p_last;
+
+  // memory management
+   stb_vorbis_alloc alloc;
+   int setup_offset;
+   int temp_offset;
+
+  // run-time results
+   int eof;
+   enum STBVorbisError error;
+
+  // user-useful data
+
+  // header info
+   int blocksize[2];
+   int blocksize_0, blocksize_1;
+   int codebook_count;
+   Codebook *codebooks;
+   int floor_count;
+   uint16 floor_types[64]; // varies
+   Floor *floor_config;
+   int residue_count;
+   uint16 residue_types[64]; // varies
+   Residue *residue_config;
+   int mapping_count;
+   Mapping *mapping;
+   int mode_count;
+   Mode mode_config[64];  // varies
+
+   uint32 total_samples;
+
+  // decode buffer
+   float *channel_buffers[STB_VORBIS_MAX_CHANNELS];
+   float *outputs        [STB_VORBIS_MAX_CHANNELS];
+
+   float *previous_window[STB_VORBIS_MAX_CHANNELS];
+   int previous_length;
+
+   #ifndef STB_VORBIS_NO_DEFER_FLOOR
+   int16 *finalY[STB_VORBIS_MAX_CHANNELS];
+   #else
+   float *floor_buffers[STB_VORBIS_MAX_CHANNELS];
+   #endif
+
+   uint32 current_loc; // sample location of next frame to decode
+   int    current_loc_valid;
+
+  // per-blocksize precomputed data
+
+   // twiddle factors
+   float *A[2],*B[2],*C[2];
+   float *window[2];
+   uint16 *bit_reverse[2];
+
+  // current page/packet/segment streaming info
+   uint32 serial; // stream serial number for verification
+   int last_page;
+   int segment_count;
+   uint8 segments[255];
+   uint8 page_flag;
+   uint8 bytes_in_seg;
+   uint8 first_decode;
+   int next_seg;
+   int last_seg;  // flag that we're on the last segment
+   int last_seg_which; // what was the segment number of the last seg?
+   uint32 acc;
+   int valid_bits;
+   int packet_bytes;
+   int end_seg_with_known_loc;
+   uint32 known_loc_for_packet;
+   int discard_samples_deferred;
+   uint32 samples_output;
+
+  // push mode scanning
+   int page_crc_tests; // only in push_mode: number of tests active; -1 if not searching
+#ifndef STB_VORBIS_NO_PUSHDATA_API
+   CRCscan scan[STB_VORBIS_PUSHDATA_CRC_COUNT];
+#endif
+
+  // sample-access
+   int channel_buffer_start;
+   int channel_buffer_end;
+};
+
+#if defined(STB_VORBIS_NO_PUSHDATA_API)
+   #define IS_PUSH_MODE(f)   FALSE
+#elif defined(STB_VORBIS_NO_PULLDATA_API)
+   #define IS_PUSH_MODE(f)   TRUE
+#else
+   #define IS_PUSH_MODE(f)   ((f)->push_mode)
+#endif
+
+typedef struct stb_vorbis vorb;
+
+static int error(vorb *f, enum STBVorbisError e)
+{
+   f->error = e;
+   if (!f->eof && e != VORBIS_need_more_data) {
+      f->error=e; // breakpoint for debugging
+   }
+   return 0;
+}
+
+
+// these functions are used for allocating temporary memory
+// while decoding. if you can afford the stack space, use
+// alloca(); otherwise, provide a temp buffer and it will
+// allocate out of those.
+
+#define array_size_required(count,size)  (count*(sizeof(void *)+(size)))
+
+#define temp_alloc(f,size)              (f->alloc.alloc_buffer ? setup_temp_malloc(f,size) : alloca(size))
+#define temp_free(f,p)                  (void)0
+#define temp_alloc_save(f)              ((f)->temp_offset)
+#define temp_alloc_restore(f,p)         ((f)->temp_offset = (p))
+
+#define temp_block_array(f,count,size)  make_block_array(temp_alloc(f,array_size_required(count,size)), count, size)
+
+// given a sufficiently large block of memory, make an array of pointers to subblocks of it
+static void *make_block_array(void *mem, int count, int size)
+{
+   int i;
+   void ** p = (void **) mem;
+   char *q = (char *) (p + count);
+   for (i=0; i < count; ++i) {
+      p[i] = q;
+      q += size;
+   }
+   return p;
+}
+
+static void *setup_malloc(vorb *f, int sz)
+{
+   sz = (sz+7) & ~7; // round up to nearest 8 for alignment of future allocs.
+   f->setup_memory_required += sz;
+   if (f->alloc.alloc_buffer) {
+      void *p = (char *) f->alloc.alloc_buffer + f->setup_offset;
+      if (f->setup_offset + sz > f->temp_offset) return NULL;
+      f->setup_offset += sz;
+      return p;
+   }
+   return sz ? malloc(sz) : NULL;
+}
+
+static void setup_free(vorb *f, void *p)
+{
+   if (f->alloc.alloc_buffer) return; // do nothing; setup mem is a stack
+   free(p);
+}
+
+static void *setup_temp_malloc(vorb *f, int sz)
+{
+   sz = (sz+7) & ~7; // round up to nearest 8 for alignment of future allocs.
+   if (f->alloc.alloc_buffer) {
+      if (f->temp_offset - sz < f->setup_offset) return NULL;
+      f->temp_offset -= sz;
+      return (char *) f->alloc.alloc_buffer + f->temp_offset;
+   }
+   return malloc(sz);
+}
+
+static void setup_temp_free(vorb *f, void *p, int sz)
+{
+   if (f->alloc.alloc_buffer) {
+      f->temp_offset += (sz+7)&~7;
+      return;
+   }
+   free(p);
+}
+
+#define CRC32_POLY    0x04c11db7   // from spec
+
+static uint32 crc_table[256];
+static void crc32_init(void)
+{
+   int i,j;
+   uint32 s;
+   for(i=0; i < 256; i++) {
+      for (s=(uint32) i << 24, j=0; j < 8; ++j)
+         s = (s << 1) ^ (s >= (1U<<31) ? CRC32_POLY : 0);
+      crc_table[i] = s;
+   }
+}
+
+static __forceinline uint32 crc32_update(uint32 crc, uint8 byte)
+{
+   return (crc << 8) ^ crc_table[byte ^ (crc >> 24)];
+}
+
+
+// used in setup, and for huffman that doesn't go fast path
+static unsigned int bit_reverse(unsigned int n)
+{
+  n = ((n & 0xAAAAAAAA) >>  1) | ((n & 0x55555555) << 1);
+  n = ((n & 0xCCCCCCCC) >>  2) | ((n & 0x33333333) << 2);
+  n = ((n & 0xF0F0F0F0) >>  4) | ((n & 0x0F0F0F0F) << 4);
+  n = ((n & 0xFF00FF00) >>  8) | ((n & 0x00FF00FF) << 8);
+  return (n >> 16) | (n << 16);
+}
+
+static float square(float x)
+{
+   return x*x;
+}
+
+// this is a weird definition of log2() for which log2(1) = 1, log2(2) = 2, log2(4) = 3
+// as required by the specification. fast(?) implementation from stb.h
+// @OPTIMIZE: called multiple times per-packet with "constants"; move to setup
+static int ilog(int32 n)
+{
+   static signed char log2_4[16] = { 0,1,2,2,3,3,3,3,4,4,4,4,4,4,4,4 };
+
+   if (n < 0) return 0; // signed n returns 0
+
+   // 2 compares if n < 16, 3 compares otherwise (4 if signed or n > 1<<29)
+   if (n < (1 << 14))
+        if (n < (1 <<  4))            return  0 + log2_4[n      ];
+        else if (n < (1 <<  9))       return  5 + log2_4[n >>  5];
+             else                     return 10 + log2_4[n >> 10];
+   else if (n < (1 << 24))
+             if (n < (1 << 19))       return 15 + log2_4[n >> 15];
+             else                     return 20 + log2_4[n >> 20];
+        else if (n < (1 << 29))       return 25 + log2_4[n >> 25];
+             else                     return 30 + log2_4[n >> 30];
+}
+
+#ifndef M_PI
+  #define M_PI  3.14159265358979323846264f  // from CRC
+#endif
+
+// code length assigned to a value with no huffman encoding
+#define NO_CODE   255
+
+/////////////////////// LEAF SETUP FUNCTIONS //////////////////////////
+//
+// these functions are only called at setup, and only a few times
+// per file
+
+static float float32_unpack(uint32 x)
+{
+   // from the specification
+   uint32 mantissa = x & 0x1fffff;
+   uint32 sign = x & 0x80000000;
+   uint32 exp = (x & 0x7fe00000) >> 21;
+   double res = sign ? -(double)mantissa : (double)mantissa;
+   return (float) ldexp((float)res, (int)exp-788);
+}
+
+
+// zlib & jpeg huffman tables assume that the output symbols
+// can either be arbitrarily arranged, or have monotonically
+// increasing frequencies--they rely on the lengths being sorted;
+// this makes for a very simple generation algorithm.
+// vorbis allows a huffman table with non-sorted lengths. This
+// requires a more sophisticated construction, since symbols in
+// order do not map to huffman codes "in order".
+static void add_entry(Codebook *c, uint32 huff_code, int symbol, int count, int len, uint32 *values)
+{
+   if (!c->sparse) {
+      c->codewords      [symbol] = huff_code;
+   } else {
+      c->codewords       [count] = huff_code;
+      c->codeword_lengths[count] = len;
+      values             [count] = symbol;
+   }
+}
+
+static int compute_codewords(Codebook *c, uint8 *len, int n, uint32 *values)
+{
+   int i,k,m=0;
+   uint32 available[32];
+
+   memset(available, 0, sizeof(available));
+   // find the first entry
+   for (k=0; k < n; ++k) if (len[k] < NO_CODE) break;
+   if (k == n) { assert(c->sorted_entries == 0); return TRUE; }
+   assert(len[k] < 32); // no error return required, code reading lens checks this
+   // add to the list
+   add_entry(c, 0, k, m++, len[k], values);
+   // add all available leaves
+   for (i=1; i <= len[k]; ++i)
+      available[i] = 1U << (32-i);
+   // note that the above code treats the first case specially,
+   // but it's really the same as the following code, so they
+   // could probably be combined (except the initial code is 0,
+   // and I use 0 in available[] to mean 'empty')
+   for (i=k+1; i < n; ++i) {
+      uint32 res;
+      int z = len[i], y;
+      if (z == NO_CODE) continue;
+      assert(z < 32); // no error return required, code reading lens checks this
+      // find lowest available leaf (should always be earliest,
+      // which is what the specification calls for)
+      // note that this property, and the fact we can never have
+      // more than one free leaf at a given level, isn't totally
+      // trivial to prove, but it seems true and the assert never
+      // fires, so!
+      while (z > 0 && !available[z]) --z;
+      if (z == 0) { return FALSE; }
+      res = available[z];
+      available[z] = 0;
+      add_entry(c, bit_reverse(res), i, m++, len[i], values);
+      // propagate availability up the tree
+      if (z != len[i]) {
+         for (y=len[i]; y > z; --y) {
+            assert(available[y] == 0);
+            available[y] = res + (1 << (32-y));
+         }
+      }
+   }
+   return TRUE;
+}
+
+// accelerated huffman table allows fast O(1) match of all symbols
+// of length <= STB_VORBIS_FAST_HUFFMAN_LENGTH
+static void compute_accelerated_huffman(Codebook *c)
+{
+   int i, len;
+   for (i=0; i < FAST_HUFFMAN_TABLE_SIZE; ++i)
+      c->fast_huffman[i] = -1;
+
+   len = c->sparse ? c->sorted_entries : c->entries;
+   #ifdef STB_VORBIS_FAST_HUFFMAN_SHORT
+   if (len > 32767) len = 32767; // largest possible value we can encode!
+   #endif
+   for (i=0; i < len; ++i) {
+      if (c->codeword_lengths[i] <= STB_VORBIS_FAST_HUFFMAN_LENGTH) {
+         uint32 z = c->sparse ? bit_reverse(c->sorted_codewords[i]) : c->codewords[i];
+         // set table entries for all bit combinations in the higher bits
+         while (z < FAST_HUFFMAN_TABLE_SIZE) {
+             c->fast_huffman[z] = i;
+             z += 1 << c->codeword_lengths[i];
+         }
+      }
+   }
+}
+
+#ifdef _MSC_VER
+#define STBV_CDECL __cdecl
+#else
+#define STBV_CDECL
+#endif
+
+static int STBV_CDECL uint32_compare(const void *p, const void *q)
+{
+   uint32 x = * (uint32 *) p;
+   uint32 y = * (uint32 *) q;
+   return x < y ? -1 : x > y;
+}
+
+static int include_in_sort(Codebook *c, uint8 len)
+{
+   if (c->sparse) { assert(len != NO_CODE); return TRUE; }
+   if (len == NO_CODE) return FALSE;
+   if (len > STB_VORBIS_FAST_HUFFMAN_LENGTH) return TRUE;
+   return FALSE;
+}
+
+// if the fast table above doesn't work, we want to binary
+// search them... need to reverse the bits
+static void compute_sorted_huffman(Codebook *c, uint8 *lengths, uint32 *values)
+{
+   int i, len;
+   // build a list of all the entries
+   // OPTIMIZATION: don't include the short ones, since they'll be caught by FAST_HUFFMAN.
+   // this is kind of a frivolous optimization--I don't see any performance improvement,
+   // but it's like 4 extra lines of code, so.
+   if (!c->sparse) {
+      int k = 0;
+      for (i=0; i < c->entries; ++i)
+         if (include_in_sort(c, lengths[i]))
+            c->sorted_codewords[k++] = bit_reverse(c->codewords[i]);
+      assert(k == c->sorted_entries);
+   } else {
+      for (i=0; i < c->sorted_entries; ++i)
+         c->sorted_codewords[i] = bit_reverse(c->codewords[i]);
+   }
+
+   qsort(c->sorted_codewords, c->sorted_entries, sizeof(c->sorted_codewords[0]), uint32_compare);
+   c->sorted_codewords[c->sorted_entries] = 0xffffffff;
+
+   len = c->sparse ? c->sorted_entries : c->entries;
+   // now we need to indicate how they correspond; we could either
+   //   #1: sort a different data structure that says who they correspond to
+   //   #2: for each sorted entry, search the original list to find who corresponds
+   //   #3: for each original entry, find the sorted entry
+   // #1 requires extra storage, #2 is slow, #3 can use binary search!
+   for (i=0; i < len; ++i) {
+      int huff_len = c->sparse ? lengths[values[i]] : lengths[i];
+      if (include_in_sort(c,huff_len)) {
+         uint32 code = bit_reverse(c->codewords[i]);
+         int x=0, n=c->sorted_entries;
+         while (n > 1) {
+            // invariant: sc[x] <= code < sc[x+n]
+            int m = x + (n >> 1);
+            if (c->sorted_codewords[m] <= code) {
+               x = m;
+               n -= (n>>1);
+            } else {
+               n >>= 1;
+            }
+         }
+         assert(c->sorted_codewords[x] == code);
+         if (c->sparse) {
+            c->sorted_values[x] = values[i];
+            c->codeword_lengths[x] = huff_len;
+         } else {
+            c->sorted_values[x] = i;
+         }
+      }
+   }
+}
+
+// only run while parsing the header (3 times)
+static int vorbis_validate(uint8 *data)
+{
+   static uint8 vorbis[6] = { 'v', 'o', 'r', 'b', 'i', 's' };
+   return memcmp(data, vorbis, 6) == 0;
+}
+
+// called from setup only, once per code book
+// (formula implied by specification)
+static int lookup1_values(int entries, int dim)
+{
+   int r = (int) floor(exp((float) log((float) entries) / dim));
+   if ((int) floor(pow((float) r+1, dim)) <= entries)   // (int) cast for MinGW warning;
+      ++r;                                              // floor() to avoid _ftol() when non-CRT
+   if (pow((float) r+1, dim) <= entries)
+      return -1;
+   if ((int) floor(pow((float) r, dim)) > entries)
+      return -1;
+   return r;
+}
+
+// called twice per file
+static void compute_twiddle_factors(int n, float *A, float *B, float *C)
+{
+   int n4 = n >> 2, n8 = n >> 3;
+   int k,k2;
+
+   for (k=k2=0; k < n4; ++k,k2+=2) {
+      A[k2  ] = (float)  cos(4*k*M_PI/n);
+      A[k2+1] = (float) -sin(4*k*M_PI/n);
+      B[k2  ] = (float)  cos((k2+1)*M_PI/n/2) * 0.5f;
+      B[k2+1] = (float)  sin((k2+1)*M_PI/n/2) * 0.5f;
+   }
+   for (k=k2=0; k < n8; ++k,k2+=2) {
+      C[k2  ] = (float)  cos(2*(k2+1)*M_PI/n);
+      C[k2+1] = (float) -sin(2*(k2+1)*M_PI/n);
+   }
+}
+
+static void compute_window(int n, float *window)
+{
+   int n2 = n >> 1, i;
+   for (i=0; i < n2; ++i)
+      window[i] = (float) sin(0.5 * M_PI * square((float) sin((i - 0 + 0.5) / n2 * 0.5 * M_PI)));
+}
+
+static void compute_bitreverse(int n, uint16 *rev)
+{
+   int ld = ilog(n) - 1; // ilog is off-by-one from normal definitions
+   int i, n8 = n >> 3;
+   for (i=0; i < n8; ++i)
+      rev[i] = (bit_reverse(i) >> (32-ld+3)) << 2;
+}
+
+static int init_blocksize(vorb *f, int b, int n)
+{
+   int n2 = n >> 1, n4 = n >> 2, n8 = n >> 3;
+   f->A[b] = (float *) setup_malloc(f, sizeof(float) * n2);
+   f->B[b] = (float *) setup_malloc(f, sizeof(float) * n2);
+   f->C[b] = (float *) setup_malloc(f, sizeof(float) * n4);
+   if (!f->A[b] || !f->B[b] || !f->C[b]) return error(f, VORBIS_outofmem);
+   compute_twiddle_factors(n, f->A[b], f->B[b], f->C[b]);
+   f->window[b] = (float *) setup_malloc(f, sizeof(float) * n2);
+   if (!f->window[b]) return error(f, VORBIS_outofmem);
+   compute_window(n, f->window[b]);
+   f->bit_reverse[b] = (uint16 *) setup_malloc(f, sizeof(uint16) * n8);
+   if (!f->bit_reverse[b]) return error(f, VORBIS_outofmem);
+   compute_bitreverse(n, f->bit_reverse[b]);
+   return TRUE;
+}
+
+static void neighbors(uint16 *x, int n, int *plow, int *phigh)
+{
+   int low = -1;
+   int high = 65536;
+   int i;
+   for (i=0; i < n; ++i) {
+      if (x[i] > low  && x[i] < x[n]) { *plow  = i; low = x[i]; }
+      if (x[i] < high && x[i] > x[n]) { *phigh = i; high = x[i]; }
+   }
+}
+
+// this has been repurposed so y is now the original index instead of y
+typedef struct
+{
+   uint16 x,id;
+} stbv__floor_ordering;
+
+static int STBV_CDECL point_compare(const void *p, const void *q)
+{
+   stbv__floor_ordering *a = (stbv__floor_ordering *) p;
+   stbv__floor_ordering *b = (stbv__floor_ordering *) q;
+   return a->x < b->x ? -1 : a->x > b->x;
+}
+
+//
+/////////////////////// END LEAF SETUP FUNCTIONS //////////////////////////
+
+
+#if defined(STB_VORBIS_NO_STDIO)
+   #define USE_MEMORY(z)    TRUE
+#else
+   #define USE_MEMORY(z)    ((z)->stream)
+#endif
+
+static uint8 get8(vorb *z)
+{
+   if (USE_MEMORY(z)) {
+      if (z->stream >= z->stream_end) { z->eof = TRUE; return 0; }
+      return *z->stream++;
+   }
+
+   #ifndef STB_VORBIS_NO_STDIO
+   {
+   int c = fgetc(z->f);
+   if (c == EOF) { z->eof = TRUE; return 0; }
+   return c;
+   }
+   #endif
+}
+
+static uint32 get32(vorb *f)
+{
+   uint32 x;
+   x = get8(f);
+   x += get8(f) << 8;
+   x += get8(f) << 16;
+   x += (uint32) get8(f) << 24;
+   return x;
+}
+
+static int getn(vorb *z, uint8 *data, int n)
+{
+   if (USE_MEMORY(z)) {
+      if (z->stream+n > z->stream_end) { z->eof = 1; return 0; }
+      memcpy(data, z->stream, n);
+      z->stream += n;
+      return 1;
+   }
+
+   #ifndef STB_VORBIS_NO_STDIO
+   if (fread(data, n, 1, z->f) == 1)
+      return 1;
+   else {
+      z->eof = 1;
+      return 0;
+   }
+   #endif
+}
+
+static void skip(vorb *z, int n)
+{
+   if (USE_MEMORY(z)) {
+      z->stream += n;
+      if (z->stream >= z->stream_end) z->eof = 1;
+      return;
+   }
+   #ifndef STB_VORBIS_NO_STDIO
+   {
+      long x = ftell(z->f);
+      fseek(z->f, x+n, SEEK_SET);
+   }
+   #endif
+}
+
+static int set_file_offset(stb_vorbis *f, unsigned int loc)
+{
+   #ifndef STB_VORBIS_NO_PUSHDATA_API
+   if (f->push_mode) return 0;
+   #endif
+   f->eof = 0;
+   if (USE_MEMORY(f)) {
+      if (f->stream_start + loc >= f->stream_end || f->stream_start + loc < f->stream_start) {
+         f->stream = f->stream_end;
+         f->eof = 1;
+         return 0;
+      } else {
+         f->stream = f->stream_start + loc;
+         return 1;
+      }
+   }
+   #ifndef STB_VORBIS_NO_STDIO
+   if (loc + f->f_start < loc || loc >= 0x80000000) {
+      loc = 0x7fffffff;
+      f->eof = 1;
+   } else {
+      loc += f->f_start;
+   }
+   if (!fseek(f->f, loc, SEEK_SET))
+      return 1;
+   f->eof = 1;
+   fseek(f->f, f->f_start, SEEK_END);
+   return 0;
+   #endif
+}
+
+
+static uint8 ogg_page_header[4] = { 0x4f, 0x67, 0x67, 0x53 };
+
+static int capture_pattern(vorb *f)
+{
+   if (0x4f != get8(f)) return FALSE;
+   if (0x67 != get8(f)) return FALSE;
+   if (0x67 != get8(f)) return FALSE;
+   if (0x53 != get8(f)) return FALSE;
+   return TRUE;
+}
+
+#define PAGEFLAG_continued_packet   1
+#define PAGEFLAG_first_page         2
+#define PAGEFLAG_last_page          4
+
+static int start_page_no_capturepattern(vorb *f)
+{
+   uint32 loc0,loc1,n;
+   if (f->first_decode && !IS_PUSH_MODE(f)) {
+      f->p_first.page_start = stb_vorbis_get_file_offset(f) - 4;
+   }
+   // stream structure version
+   if (0 != get8(f)) return error(f, VORBIS_invalid_stream_structure_version);
+   // header flag
+   f->page_flag = get8(f);
+   // absolute granule position
+   loc0 = get32(f);
+   loc1 = get32(f);
+   // @TODO: validate loc0,loc1 as valid positions?
+   // stream serial number -- vorbis doesn't interleave, so discard
+   get32(f);
+   //if (f->serial != get32(f)) return error(f, VORBIS_incorrect_stream_serial_number);
+   // page sequence number
+   n = get32(f);
+   f->last_page = n;
+   // CRC32
+   get32(f);
+   // page_segments
+   f->segment_count = get8(f);
+   if (!getn(f, f->segments, f->segment_count))
+      return error(f, VORBIS_unexpected_eof);
+   // assume we _don't_ know any the sample position of any segments
+   f->end_seg_with_known_loc = -2;
+   if (loc0 != ~0U || loc1 != ~0U) {
+      int i;
+      // determine which packet is the last one that will complete
+      for (i=f->segment_count-1; i >= 0; --i)
+         if (f->segments[i] < 255)
+            break;
+      // 'i' is now the index of the _last_ segment of a packet that ends
+      if (i >= 0) {
+         f->end_seg_with_known_loc = i;
+         f->known_loc_for_packet   = loc0;
+      }
+   }
+   if (f->first_decode) {
+      int i,len;
+      len = 0;
+      for (i=0; i < f->segment_count; ++i)
+         len += f->segments[i];
+      len += 27 + f->segment_count;
+      f->p_first.page_end = f->p_first.page_start + len;
+      f->p_first.last_decoded_sample = loc0;
+   }
+   f->next_seg = 0;
+   return TRUE;
+}
+
+static int start_page(vorb *f)
+{
+   if (!capture_pattern(f)) return error(f, VORBIS_missing_capture_pattern);
+   return start_page_no_capturepattern(f);
+}
+
+static int start_packet(vorb *f)
+{
+   while (f->next_seg == -1) {
+      if (!start_page(f)) return FALSE;
+      if (f->page_flag & PAGEFLAG_continued_packet)
+         return error(f, VORBIS_continued_packet_flag_invalid);
+   }
+   f->last_seg = FALSE;
+   f->valid_bits = 0;
+   f->packet_bytes = 0;
+   f->bytes_in_seg = 0;
+   // f->next_seg is now valid
+   return TRUE;
+}
+
+static int maybe_start_packet(vorb *f)
+{
+   if (f->next_seg == -1) {
+      int x = get8(f);
+      if (f->eof) return FALSE; // EOF at page boundary is not an error!
+      if (0x4f != x      ) return error(f, VORBIS_missing_capture_pattern);
+      if (0x67 != get8(f)) return error(f, VORBIS_missing_capture_pattern);
+      if (0x67 != get8(f)) return error(f, VORBIS_missing_capture_pattern);
+      if (0x53 != get8(f)) return error(f, VORBIS_missing_capture_pattern);
+      if (!start_page_no_capturepattern(f)) return FALSE;
+      if (f->page_flag & PAGEFLAG_continued_packet) {
+         // set up enough state that we can read this packet if we want,
+         // e.g. during recovery
+         f->last_seg = FALSE;
+         f->bytes_in_seg = 0;
+         return error(f, VORBIS_continued_packet_flag_invalid);
+      }
+   }
+   return start_packet(f);
+}
+
+static int next_segment(vorb *f)
+{
+   int len;
+   if (f->last_seg) return 0;
+   if (f->next_seg == -1) {
+      f->last_seg_which = f->segment_count-1; // in case start_page fails
+      if (!start_page(f)) { f->last_seg = 1; return 0; }
+      if (!(f->page_flag & PAGEFLAG_continued_packet)) return error(f, VORBIS_continued_packet_flag_invalid);
+   }
+   len = f->segments[f->next_seg++];
+   if (len < 255) {
+      f->last_seg = TRUE;
+      f->last_seg_which = f->next_seg-1;
+   }
+   if (f->next_seg >= f->segment_count)
+      f->next_seg = -1;
+   assert(f->bytes_in_seg == 0);
+   f->bytes_in_seg = len;
+   return len;
+}
+
+#define EOP    (-1)
+#define INVALID_BITS  (-1)
+
+static int get8_packet_raw(vorb *f)
+{
+   if (!f->bytes_in_seg) {  // CLANG!
+      if (f->last_seg) return EOP;
+      else if (!next_segment(f)) return EOP;
+   }
+   assert(f->bytes_in_seg > 0);
+   --f->bytes_in_seg;
+   ++f->packet_bytes;
+   return get8(f);
+}
+
+static int get8_packet(vorb *f)
+{
+   int x = get8_packet_raw(f);
+   f->valid_bits = 0;
+   return x;
+}
+
+static int get32_packet(vorb *f)
+{
+   uint32 x;
+   x = get8_packet(f);
+   x += get8_packet(f) << 8;
+   x += get8_packet(f) << 16;
+   x += (uint32) get8_packet(f) << 24;
+   return x;
+}
+
+static void flush_packet(vorb *f)
+{
+   while (get8_packet_raw(f) != EOP);
+}
+
+// @OPTIMIZE: this is the secondary bit decoder, so it's probably not as important
+// as the huffman decoder?
+static uint32 get_bits(vorb *f, int n)
+{
+   uint32 z;
+
+   if (f->valid_bits < 0) return 0;
+   if (f->valid_bits < n) {
+      if (n > 24) {
+         // the accumulator technique below would not work correctly in this case
+         z = get_bits(f, 24);
+         z += get_bits(f, n-24) << 24;
+         return z;
+      }
+      if (f->valid_bits == 0) f->acc = 0;
+      while (f->valid_bits < n) {
+         int z = get8_packet_raw(f);
+         if (z == EOP) {
+            f->valid_bits = INVALID_BITS;
+            return 0;
+         }
+         f->acc += z << f->valid_bits;
+         f->valid_bits += 8;
+      }
+   }
+
+   assert(f->valid_bits >= n);
+   z = f->acc & ((1 << n)-1);
+   f->acc >>= n;
+   f->valid_bits -= n;
+   return z;
+}
+
+// @OPTIMIZE: primary accumulator for huffman
+// expand the buffer to as many bits as possible without reading off end of packet
+// it might be nice to allow f->valid_bits and f->acc to be stored in registers,
+// e.g. cache them locally and decode locally
+static __forceinline void prep_huffman(vorb *f)
+{
+   if (f->valid_bits <= 24) {
+      if (f->valid_bits == 0) f->acc = 0;
+      do {
+         int z;
+         if (f->last_seg && !f->bytes_in_seg) return;
+         z = get8_packet_raw(f);
+         if (z == EOP) return;
+         f->acc += (unsigned) z << f->valid_bits;
+         f->valid_bits += 8;
+      } while (f->valid_bits <= 24);
+   }
+}
+
+enum
+{
+   VORBIS_packet_id = 1,
+   VORBIS_packet_comment = 3,
+   VORBIS_packet_setup = 5
+};
+
+static int codebook_decode_scalar_raw(vorb *f, Codebook *c)
+{
+   int i;
+   prep_huffman(f);
+
+   if (c->codewords == NULL && c->sorted_codewords == NULL)
+      return -1;
+
+   // cases to use binary search: sorted_codewords && !c->codewords
+   //                             sorted_codewords && c->entries > 8
+   if (c->entries > 8 ? c->sorted_codewords!=NULL : !c->codewords) {
+      // binary search
+      uint32 code = bit_reverse(f->acc);
+      int x=0, n=c->sorted_entries, len;
+
+      while (n > 1) {
+         // invariant: sc[x] <= code < sc[x+n]
+         int m = x + (n >> 1);
+         if (c->sorted_codewords[m] <= code) {
+            x = m;
+            n -= (n>>1);
+         } else {
+            n >>= 1;
+         }
+      }
+      // x is now the sorted index
+      if (!c->sparse) x = c->sorted_values[x];
+      // x is now sorted index if sparse, or symbol otherwise
+      len = c->codeword_lengths[x];
+      if (f->valid_bits >= len) {
+         f->acc >>= len;
+         f->valid_bits -= len;
+         return x;
+      }
+
+      f->valid_bits = 0;
+      return -1;
+   }
+
+   // if small, linear search
+   assert(!c->sparse);
+   for (i=0; i < c->entries; ++i) {
+      if (c->codeword_lengths[i] == NO_CODE) continue;
+      if (c->codewords[i] == (f->acc & ((1 << c->codeword_lengths[i])-1))) {
+         if (f->valid_bits >= c->codeword_lengths[i]) {
+            f->acc >>= c->codeword_lengths[i];
+            f->valid_bits -= c->codeword_lengths[i];
+            return i;
+         }
+         f->valid_bits = 0;
+         return -1;
+      }
+   }
+
+   error(f, VORBIS_invalid_stream);
+   f->valid_bits = 0;
+   return -1;
+}
+
+#ifndef STB_VORBIS_NO_INLINE_DECODE
+
+#define DECODE_RAW(var, f,c)                                  \
+   if (f->valid_bits < STB_VORBIS_FAST_HUFFMAN_LENGTH)        \
+      prep_huffman(f);                                        \
+   var = f->acc & FAST_HUFFMAN_TABLE_MASK;                    \
+   var = c->fast_huffman[var];                                \
+   if (var >= 0) {                                            \
+      int n = c->codeword_lengths[var];                       \
+      f->acc >>= n;                                           \
+      f->valid_bits -= n;                                     \
+      if (f->valid_bits < 0) { f->valid_bits = 0; var = -1; } \
+   } else {                                                   \
+      var = codebook_decode_scalar_raw(f,c);                  \
+   }
+
+#else
+
+static int codebook_decode_scalar(vorb *f, Codebook *c)
+{
+   int i;
+   if (f->valid_bits < STB_VORBIS_FAST_HUFFMAN_LENGTH)
+      prep_huffman(f);
+   // fast huffman table lookup
+   i = f->acc & FAST_HUFFMAN_TABLE_MASK;
+   i = c->fast_huffman[i];
+   if (i >= 0) {
+      f->acc >>= c->codeword_lengths[i];
+      f->valid_bits -= c->codeword_lengths[i];
+      if (f->valid_bits < 0) { f->valid_bits = 0; return -1; }
+      return i;
+   }
+   return codebook_decode_scalar_raw(f,c);
+}
+
+#define DECODE_RAW(var,f,c)    var = codebook_decode_scalar(f,c);
+
+#endif
+
+#define DECODE(var,f,c)                                       \
+   DECODE_RAW(var,f,c)                                        \
+   if (c->sparse) var = c->sorted_values[var];
+
+#ifndef STB_VORBIS_DIVIDES_IN_CODEBOOK
+  #define DECODE_VQ(var,f,c)   DECODE_RAW(var,f,c)
+#else
+  #define DECODE_VQ(var,f,c)   DECODE(var,f,c)
+#endif
+
+
+
+
+
+
+// CODEBOOK_ELEMENT_FAST is an optimization for the CODEBOOK_FLOATS case
+// where we avoid one addition
+#define CODEBOOK_ELEMENT(c,off)          (c->multiplicands[off])
+#define CODEBOOK_ELEMENT_FAST(c,off)     (c->multiplicands[off])
+#define CODEBOOK_ELEMENT_BASE(c)         (0)
+
+static int codebook_decode_start(vorb *f, Codebook *c)
+{
+   int z = -1;
+
+   // type 0 is only legal in a scalar context
+   if (c->lookup_type == 0)
+      error(f, VORBIS_invalid_stream);
+   else {
+      DECODE_VQ(z,f,c);
+      if (c->sparse) assert(z < c->sorted_entries);
+      if (z < 0) {  // check for EOP
+         if (!f->bytes_in_seg)
+            if (f->last_seg)
+               return z;
+         error(f, VORBIS_invalid_stream);
+      }
+   }
+   return z;
+}
+
+static int codebook_decode(vorb *f, Codebook *c, float *output, int len)
+{
+   int i,z = codebook_decode_start(f,c);
+   if (z < 0) return FALSE;
+   if (len > c->dimensions) len = c->dimensions;
+
+#ifdef STB_VORBIS_DIVIDES_IN_CODEBOOK
+   if (c->lookup_type == 1) {
+      float last = CODEBOOK_ELEMENT_BASE(c);
+      int div = 1;
+      for (i=0; i < len; ++i) {
+         int off = (z / div) % c->lookup_values;
+         float val = CODEBOOK_ELEMENT_FAST(c,off) + last;
+         output[i] += val;
+         if (c->sequence_p) last = val + c->minimum_value;
+         div *= c->lookup_values;
+      }
+      return TRUE;
+   }
+#endif
+
+   z *= c->dimensions;
+   if (c->sequence_p) {
+      float last = CODEBOOK_ELEMENT_BASE(c);
+      for (i=0; i < len; ++i) {
+         float val = CODEBOOK_ELEMENT_FAST(c,z+i) + last;
+         output[i] += val;
+         last = val + c->minimum_value;
+      }
+   } else {
+      float last = CODEBOOK_ELEMENT_BASE(c);
+      for (i=0; i < len; ++i) {
+         output[i] += CODEBOOK_ELEMENT_FAST(c,z+i) + last;
+      }
+   }
+
+   return TRUE;
+}
+
+static int codebook_decode_step(vorb *f, Codebook *c, float *output, int len, int step)
+{
+   int i,z = codebook_decode_start(f,c);
+   float last = CODEBOOK_ELEMENT_BASE(c);
+   if (z < 0) return FALSE;
+   if (len > c->dimensions) len = c->dimensions;
+
+#ifdef STB_VORBIS_DIVIDES_IN_CODEBOOK
+   if (c->lookup_type == 1) {
+      int div = 1;
+      for (i=0; i < len; ++i) {
+         int off = (z / div) % c->lookup_values;
+         float val = CODEBOOK_ELEMENT_FAST(c,off) + last;
+         output[i*step] += val;
+         if (c->sequence_p) last = val;
+         div *= c->lookup_values;
+      }
+      return TRUE;
+   }
+#endif
+
+   z *= c->dimensions;
+   for (i=0; i < len; ++i) {
+      float val = CODEBOOK_ELEMENT_FAST(c,z+i) + last;
+      output[i*step] += val;
+      if (c->sequence_p) last = val;
+   }
+
+   return TRUE;
+}
+
+static int codebook_decode_deinterleave_repeat(vorb *f, Codebook *c, float **outputs, int ch, int *c_inter_p, int *p_inter_p, int len, int total_decode)
+{
+   int c_inter = *c_inter_p;
+   int p_inter = *p_inter_p;
+   int i,z, effective = c->dimensions;
+
+   // type 0 is only legal in a scalar context
+   if (c->lookup_type == 0)   return error(f, VORBIS_invalid_stream);
+
+   while (total_decode > 0) {
+      float last = CODEBOOK_ELEMENT_BASE(c);
+      DECODE_VQ(z,f,c);
+      #ifndef STB_VORBIS_DIVIDES_IN_CODEBOOK
+      assert(!c->sparse || z < c->sorted_entries);
+      #endif
+      if (z < 0) {
+         if (!f->bytes_in_seg)
+            if (f->last_seg) return FALSE;
+         return error(f, VORBIS_invalid_stream);
+      }
+
+      // if this will take us off the end of the buffers, stop short!
+      // we check by computing the length of the virtual interleaved
+      // buffer (len*ch), our current offset within it (p_inter*ch)+(c_inter),
+      // and the length we'll be using (effective)
+      if (c_inter + p_inter*ch + effective > len * ch) {
+         effective = len*ch - (p_inter*ch - c_inter);
+      }
+
+   #ifdef STB_VORBIS_DIVIDES_IN_CODEBOOK
+      if (c->lookup_type == 1) {
+         int div = 1;
+         for (i=0; i < effective; ++i) {
+            int off = (z / div) % c->lookup_values;
+            float val = CODEBOOK_ELEMENT_FAST(c,off) + last;
+            if (outputs[c_inter])
+               outputs[c_inter][p_inter] += val;
+            if (++c_inter == ch) { c_inter = 0; ++p_inter; }
+            if (c->sequence_p) last = val;
+            div *= c->lookup_values;
+         }
+      } else
+   #endif
+      {
+         z *= c->dimensions;
+         if (c->sequence_p) {
+            for (i=0; i < effective; ++i) {
+               float val = CODEBOOK_ELEMENT_FAST(c,z+i) + last;
+               if (outputs[c_inter])
+                  outputs[c_inter][p_inter] += val;
+               if (++c_inter == ch) { c_inter = 0; ++p_inter; }
+               last = val;
+            }
+         } else {
+            for (i=0; i < effective; ++i) {
+               float val = CODEBOOK_ELEMENT_FAST(c,z+i) + last;
+               if (outputs[c_inter])
+                  outputs[c_inter][p_inter] += val;
+               if (++c_inter == ch) { c_inter = 0; ++p_inter; }
+            }
+         }
+      }
+
+      total_decode -= effective;
+   }
+   *c_inter_p = c_inter;
+   *p_inter_p = p_inter;
+   return TRUE;
+}
+
+static int predict_point(int x, int x0, int x1, int y0, int y1)
+{
+   int dy = y1 - y0;
+   int adx = x1 - x0;
+   // @OPTIMIZE: force int division to round in the right direction... is this necessary on x86?
+   int err = abs(dy) * (x - x0);
+   int off = err / adx;
+   return dy < 0 ? y0 - off : y0 + off;
+}
+
+// the following table is block-copied from the specification
+static float inverse_db_table[256] =
+{
+  1.0649863e-07f, 1.1341951e-07f, 1.2079015e-07f, 1.2863978e-07f,
+  1.3699951e-07f, 1.4590251e-07f, 1.5538408e-07f, 1.6548181e-07f,
+  1.7623575e-07f, 1.8768855e-07f, 1.9988561e-07f, 2.1287530e-07f,
+  2.2670913e-07f, 2.4144197e-07f, 2.5713223e-07f, 2.7384213e-07f,
+  2.9163793e-07f, 3.1059021e-07f, 3.3077411e-07f, 3.5226968e-07f,
+  3.7516214e-07f, 3.9954229e-07f, 4.2550680e-07f, 4.5315863e-07f,
+  4.8260743e-07f, 5.1396998e-07f, 5.4737065e-07f, 5.8294187e-07f,
+  6.2082472e-07f, 6.6116941e-07f, 7.0413592e-07f, 7.4989464e-07f,
+  7.9862701e-07f, 8.5052630e-07f, 9.0579828e-07f, 9.6466216e-07f,
+  1.0273513e-06f, 1.0941144e-06f, 1.1652161e-06f, 1.2409384e-06f,
+  1.3215816e-06f, 1.4074654e-06f, 1.4989305e-06f, 1.5963394e-06f,
+  1.7000785e-06f, 1.8105592e-06f, 1.9282195e-06f, 2.0535261e-06f,
+  2.1869758e-06f, 2.3290978e-06f, 2.4804557e-06f, 2.6416497e-06f,
+  2.8133190e-06f, 2.9961443e-06f, 3.1908506e-06f, 3.3982101e-06f,
+  3.6190449e-06f, 3.8542308e-06f, 4.1047004e-06f, 4.3714470e-06f,
+  4.6555282e-06f, 4.9580707e-06f, 5.2802740e-06f, 5.6234160e-06f,
+  5.9888572e-06f, 6.3780469e-06f, 6.7925283e-06f, 7.2339451e-06f,
+  7.7040476e-06f, 8.2047000e-06f, 8.7378876e-06f, 9.3057248e-06f,
+  9.9104632e-06f, 1.0554501e-05f, 1.1240392e-05f, 1.1970856e-05f,
+  1.2748789e-05f, 1.3577278e-05f, 1.4459606e-05f, 1.5399272e-05f,
+  1.6400004e-05f, 1.7465768e-05f, 1.8600792e-05f, 1.9809576e-05f,
+  2.1096914e-05f, 2.2467911e-05f, 2.3928002e-05f, 2.5482978e-05f,
+  2.7139006e-05f, 2.8902651e-05f, 3.0780908e-05f, 3.2781225e-05f,
+  3.4911534e-05f, 3.7180282e-05f, 3.9596466e-05f, 4.2169667e-05f,
+  4.4910090e-05f, 4.7828601e-05f, 5.0936773e-05f, 5.4246931e-05f,
+  5.7772202e-05f, 6.1526565e-05f, 6.5524908e-05f, 6.9783085e-05f,
+  7.4317983e-05f, 7.9147585e-05f, 8.4291040e-05f, 8.9768747e-05f,
+  9.5602426e-05f, 0.00010181521f, 0.00010843174f, 0.00011547824f,
+  0.00012298267f, 0.00013097477f, 0.00013948625f, 0.00014855085f,
+  0.00015820453f, 0.00016848555f, 0.00017943469f, 0.00019109536f,
+  0.00020351382f, 0.00021673929f, 0.00023082423f, 0.00024582449f,
+  0.00026179955f, 0.00027881276f, 0.00029693158f, 0.00031622787f,
+  0.00033677814f, 0.00035866388f, 0.00038197188f, 0.00040679456f,
+  0.00043323036f, 0.00046138411f, 0.00049136745f, 0.00052329927f,
+  0.00055730621f, 0.00059352311f, 0.00063209358f, 0.00067317058f,
+  0.00071691700f, 0.00076350630f, 0.00081312324f, 0.00086596457f,
+  0.00092223983f, 0.00098217216f, 0.0010459992f,  0.0011139742f,
+  0.0011863665f,  0.0012634633f,  0.0013455702f,  0.0014330129f,
+  0.0015261382f,  0.0016253153f,  0.0017309374f,  0.0018434235f,
+  0.0019632195f,  0.0020908006f,  0.0022266726f,  0.0023713743f,
+  0.0025254795f,  0.0026895994f,  0.0028643847f,  0.0030505286f,
+  0.0032487691f,  0.0034598925f,  0.0036847358f,  0.0039241906f,
+  0.0041792066f,  0.0044507950f,  0.0047400328f,  0.0050480668f,
+  0.0053761186f,  0.0057254891f,  0.0060975636f,  0.0064938176f,
+  0.0069158225f,  0.0073652516f,  0.0078438871f,  0.0083536271f,
+  0.0088964928f,  0.009474637f,   0.010090352f,   0.010746080f,
+  0.011444421f,   0.012188144f,   0.012980198f,   0.013823725f,
+  0.014722068f,   0.015678791f,   0.016697687f,   0.017782797f,
+  0.018938423f,   0.020169149f,   0.021479854f,   0.022875735f,
+  0.024362330f,   0.025945531f,   0.027631618f,   0.029427276f,
+  0.031339626f,   0.033376252f,   0.035545228f,   0.037855157f,
+  0.040315199f,   0.042935108f,   0.045725273f,   0.048696758f,
+  0.051861348f,   0.055231591f,   0.058820850f,   0.062643361f,
+  0.066714279f,   0.071049749f,   0.075666962f,   0.080584227f,
+  0.085821044f,   0.091398179f,   0.097337747f,   0.10366330f,
+  0.11039993f,    0.11757434f,    0.12521498f,    0.13335215f,
+  0.14201813f,    0.15124727f,    0.16107617f,    0.17154380f,
+  0.18269168f,    0.19456402f,    0.20720788f,    0.22067342f,
+  0.23501402f,    0.25028656f,    0.26655159f,    0.28387361f,
+  0.30232132f,    0.32196786f,    0.34289114f,    0.36517414f,
+  0.38890521f,    0.41417847f,    0.44109412f,    0.46975890f,
+  0.50028648f,    0.53279791f,    0.56742212f,    0.60429640f,
+  0.64356699f,    0.68538959f,    0.72993007f,    0.77736504f,
+  0.82788260f,    0.88168307f,    0.9389798f,     1.0f
+};
+
+
+// @OPTIMIZE: if you want to replace this bresenham line-drawing routine,
+// note that you must produce bit-identical output to decode correctly;
+// this specific sequence of operations is specified in the spec (it's
+// drawing integer-quantized frequency-space lines that the encoder
+// expects to be exactly the same)
+//     ... also, isn't the whole point of Bresenham's algorithm to NOT
+// have to divide in the setup? sigh.
+#ifndef STB_VORBIS_NO_DEFER_FLOOR
+#define LINE_OP(a,b)   a *= b
+#else
+#define LINE_OP(a,b)   a = b
+#endif
+
+#ifdef STB_VORBIS_DIVIDE_TABLE
+#define DIVTAB_NUMER   32
+#define DIVTAB_DENOM   64
+int8 integer_divide_table[DIVTAB_NUMER][DIVTAB_DENOM]; // 2KB
+#endif
+
+static __forceinline void draw_line(float *output, int x0, int y0, int x1, int y1, int n)
+{
+   int dy = y1 - y0;
+   int adx = x1 - x0;
+   int ady = abs(dy);
+   int base;
+   int x=x0,y=y0;
+   int err = 0;
+   int sy;
+
+#ifdef STB_VORBIS_DIVIDE_TABLE
+   if (adx < DIVTAB_DENOM && ady < DIVTAB_NUMER) {
+      if (dy < 0) {
+         base = -integer_divide_table[ady][adx];
+         sy = base-1;
+      } else {
+         base =  integer_divide_table[ady][adx];
+         sy = base+1;
+      }
+   } else {
+      base = dy / adx;
+      if (dy < 0)
+         sy = base - 1;
+      else
+         sy = base+1;
+   }
+#else
+   base = dy / adx;
+   if (dy < 0)
+      sy = base - 1;
+   else
+      sy = base+1;
+#endif
+   ady -= abs(base) * adx;
+   if (x1 > n) x1 = n;
+   if (x < x1) {
+      LINE_OP(output[x], inverse_db_table[y&255]);
+      for (++x; x < x1; ++x) {
+         err += ady;
+         if (err >= adx) {
+            err -= adx;
+            y += sy;
+         } else
+            y += base;
+         LINE_OP(output[x], inverse_db_table[y&255]);
+      }
+   }
+}
+
+static int residue_decode(vorb *f, Codebook *book, float *target, int offset, int n, int rtype)
+{
+   int k;
+   if (rtype == 0) {
+      int step = n / book->dimensions;
+      for (k=0; k < step; ++k)
+         if (!codebook_decode_step(f, book, target+offset+k, n-offset-k, step))
+            return FALSE;
+   } else {
+      for (k=0; k < n; ) {
+         if (!codebook_decode(f, book, target+offset, n-k))
+            return FALSE;
+         k += book->dimensions;
+         offset += book->dimensions;
+      }
+   }
+   return TRUE;
+}
+
+// n is 1/2 of the blocksize --
+// specification: "Correct per-vector decode length is [n]/2"
+static void decode_residue(vorb *f, float *residue_buffers[], int ch, int n, int rn, uint8 *do_not_decode)
+{
+   int i,j,pass;
+   Residue *r = f->residue_config + rn;
+   int rtype = f->residue_types[rn];
+   int c = r->classbook;
+   int classwords = f->codebooks[c].dimensions;
+   unsigned int actual_size = rtype == 2 ? n*2 : n;
+   unsigned int limit_r_begin = (r->begin < actual_size ? r->begin : actual_size);
+   unsigned int limit_r_end   = (r->end   < actual_size ? r->end   : actual_size);
+   int n_read = limit_r_end - limit_r_begin;
+   int part_read = n_read / r->part_size;
+   int temp_alloc_point = temp_alloc_save(f);
+   #ifndef STB_VORBIS_DIVIDES_IN_RESIDUE
+   uint8 ***part_classdata = (uint8 ***) temp_block_array(f,f->channels, part_read * sizeof(**part_classdata));
+   #else
+   int **classifications = (int **) temp_block_array(f,f->channels, part_read * sizeof(**classifications));
+   #endif
+
+   CHECK(f);
+
+   for (i=0; i < ch; ++i)
+      if (!do_not_decode[i])
+         memset(residue_buffers[i], 0, sizeof(float) * n);
+
+   if (rtype == 2 && ch != 1) {
+      for (j=0; j < ch; ++j)
+         if (!do_not_decode[j])
+            break;
+      if (j == ch)
+         goto done;
+
+      for (pass=0; pass < 8; ++pass) {
+         int pcount = 0, class_set = 0;
+         if (ch == 2) {
+            while (pcount < part_read) {
+               int z = r->begin + pcount*r->part_size;
+               int c_inter = (z & 1), p_inter = z>>1;
+               if (pass == 0) {
+                  Codebook *c = f->codebooks+r->classbook;
+                  int q;
+                  DECODE(q,f,c);
+                  if (q == EOP) goto done;
+                  #ifndef STB_VORBIS_DIVIDES_IN_RESIDUE
+                  part_classdata[0][class_set] = r->classdata[q];
+                  #else
+                  for (i=classwords-1; i >= 0; --i) {
+                     classifications[0][i+pcount] = q % r->classifications;
+                     q /= r->classifications;
+                  }
+                  #endif
+               }
+               for (i=0; i < classwords && pcount < part_read; ++i, ++pcount) {
+                  int z = r->begin + pcount*r->part_size;
+                  #ifndef STB_VORBIS_DIVIDES_IN_RESIDUE
+                  int c = part_classdata[0][class_set][i];
+                  #else
+                  int c = classifications[0][pcount];
+                  #endif
+                  int b = r->residue_books[c][pass];
+                  if (b >= 0) {
+                     Codebook *book = f->codebooks + b;
+                     #ifdef STB_VORBIS_DIVIDES_IN_CODEBOOK
+                     if (!codebook_decode_deinterleave_repeat(f, book, residue_buffers, ch, &c_inter, &p_inter, n, r->part_size))
+                        goto done;
+                     #else
+                     // saves 1%
+                     if (!codebook_decode_deinterleave_repeat(f, book, residue_buffers, ch, &c_inter, &p_inter, n, r->part_size))
+                        goto done;
+                     #endif
+                  } else {
+                     z += r->part_size;
+                     c_inter = z & 1;
+                     p_inter = z >> 1;
+                  }
+               }
+               #ifndef STB_VORBIS_DIVIDES_IN_RESIDUE
+               ++class_set;
+               #endif
+            }
+         } else if (ch > 2) {
+            while (pcount < part_read) {
+               int z = r->begin + pcount*r->part_size;
+               int c_inter = z % ch, p_inter = z/ch;
+               if (pass == 0) {
+                  Codebook *c = f->codebooks+r->classbook;
+                  int q;
+                  DECODE(q,f,c);
+                  if (q == EOP) goto done;
+                  #ifndef STB_VORBIS_DIVIDES_IN_RESIDUE
+                  part_classdata[0][class_set] = r->classdata[q];
+                  #else
+                  for (i=classwords-1; i >= 0; --i) {
+                     classifications[0][i+pcount] = q % r->classifications;
+                     q /= r->classifications;
+                  }
+                  #endif
+               }
+               for (i=0; i < classwords && pcount < part_read; ++i, ++pcount) {
+                  int z = r->begin + pcount*r->part_size;
+                  #ifndef STB_VORBIS_DIVIDES_IN_RESIDUE
+                  int c = part_classdata[0][class_set][i];
+                  #else
+                  int c = classifications[0][pcount];
+                  #endif
+                  int b = r->residue_books[c][pass];
+                  if (b >= 0) {
+                     Codebook *book = f->codebooks + b;
+                     if (!codebook_decode_deinterleave_repeat(f, book, residue_buffers, ch, &c_inter, &p_inter, n, r->part_size))
+                        goto done;
+                  } else {
+                     z += r->part_size;
+                     c_inter = z % ch;
+                     p_inter = z / ch;
+                  }
+               }
+               #ifndef STB_VORBIS_DIVIDES_IN_RESIDUE
+               ++class_set;
+               #endif
+            }
+         }
+      }
+      goto done;
+   }
+   CHECK(f);
+
+   for (pass=0; pass < 8; ++pass) {
+      int pcount = 0, class_set=0;
+      while (pcount < part_read) {
+         if (pass == 0) {
+            for (j=0; j < ch; ++j) {
+               if (!do_not_decode[j]) {
+                  Codebook *c = f->codebooks+r->classbook;
+                  int temp;
+                  DECODE(temp,f,c);
+                  if (temp == EOP) goto done;
+                  #ifndef STB_VORBIS_DIVIDES_IN_RESIDUE
+                  part_classdata[j][class_set] = r->classdata[temp];
+                  #else
+                  for (i=classwords-1; i >= 0; --i) {
+                     classifications[j][i+pcount] = temp % r->classifications;
+                     temp /= r->classifications;
+                  }
+                  #endif
+               }
+            }
+         }
+         for (i=0; i < classwords && pcount < part_read; ++i, ++pcount) {
+            for (j=0; j < ch; ++j) {
+               if (!do_not_decode[j]) {
+                  #ifndef STB_VORBIS_DIVIDES_IN_RESIDUE
+                  int c = part_classdata[j][class_set][i];
+                  #else
+                  int c = classifications[j][pcount];
+                  #endif
+                  int b = r->residue_books[c][pass];
+                  if (b >= 0) {
+                     float *target = residue_buffers[j];
+                     int offset = r->begin + pcount * r->part_size;
+                     int n = r->part_size;
+                     Codebook *book = f->codebooks + b;
+                     if (!residue_decode(f, book, target, offset, n, rtype))
+                        goto done;
+                  }
+               }
+            }
+         }
+         #ifndef STB_VORBIS_DIVIDES_IN_RESIDUE
+         ++class_set;
+         #endif
+      }
+   }
+  done:
+   CHECK(f);
+   #ifndef STB_VORBIS_DIVIDES_IN_RESIDUE
+   temp_free(f,part_classdata);
+   #else
+   temp_free(f,classifications);
+   #endif
+   temp_alloc_restore(f,temp_alloc_point);
+}
+
+
+#if 0
+// slow way for debugging
+void inverse_mdct_slow(float *buffer, int n)
+{
+   int i,j;
+   int n2 = n >> 1;
+   float *x = (float *) malloc(sizeof(*x) * n2);
+   memcpy(x, buffer, sizeof(*x) * n2);
+   for (i=0; i < n; ++i) {
+      float acc = 0;
+      for (j=0; j < n2; ++j)
+         // formula from paper:
+         //acc += n/4.0f * x[j] * (float) cos(M_PI / 2 / n * (2 * i + 1 + n/2.0)*(2*j+1));
+         // formula from wikipedia
+         //acc += 2.0f / n2 * x[j] * (float) cos(M_PI/n2 * (i + 0.5 + n2/2)*(j + 0.5));
+         // these are equivalent, except the formula from the paper inverts the multiplier!
+         // however, what actually works is NO MULTIPLIER!?!
+         //acc += 64 * 2.0f / n2 * x[j] * (float) cos(M_PI/n2 * (i + 0.5 + n2/2)*(j + 0.5));
+         acc += x[j] * (float) cos(M_PI / 2 / n * (2 * i + 1 + n/2.0)*(2*j+1));
+      buffer[i] = acc;
+   }
+   free(x);
+}
+#elif 0
+// same as above, but just barely able to run in real time on modern machines
+void inverse_mdct_slow(float *buffer, int n, vorb *f, int blocktype)
+{
+   float mcos[16384];
+   int i,j;
+   int n2 = n >> 1, nmask = (n << 2) -1;
+   float *x = (float *) malloc(sizeof(*x) * n2);
+   memcpy(x, buffer, sizeof(*x) * n2);
+   for (i=0; i < 4*n; ++i)
+      mcos[i] = (float) cos(M_PI / 2 * i / n);
+
+   for (i=0; i < n; ++i) {
+      float acc = 0;
+      for (j=0; j < n2; ++j)
+         acc += x[j] * mcos[(2 * i + 1 + n2)*(2*j+1) & nmask];
+      buffer[i] = acc;
+   }
+   free(x);
+}
+#elif 0
+// transform to use a slow dct-iv; this is STILL basically trivial,
+// but only requires half as many ops
+void dct_iv_slow(float *buffer, int n)
+{
+   float mcos[16384];
+   float x[2048];
+   int i,j;
+   int n2 = n >> 1, nmask = (n << 3) - 1;
+   memcpy(x, buffer, sizeof(*x) * n);
+   for (i=0; i < 8*n; ++i)
+      mcos[i] = (float) cos(M_PI / 4 * i / n);
+   for (i=0; i < n; ++i) {
+      float acc = 0;
+      for (j=0; j < n; ++j)
+         acc += x[j] * mcos[((2 * i + 1)*(2*j+1)) & nmask];
+      buffer[i] = acc;
+   }
+}
+
+void inverse_mdct_slow(float *buffer, int n, vorb *f, int blocktype)
+{
+   int i, n4 = n >> 2, n2 = n >> 1, n3_4 = n - n4;
+   float temp[4096];
+
+   memcpy(temp, buffer, n2 * sizeof(float));
+   dct_iv_slow(temp, n2);  // returns -c'-d, a-b'
+
+   for (i=0; i < n4  ; ++i) buffer[i] = temp[i+n4];            // a-b'
+   for (   ; i < n3_4; ++i) buffer[i] = -temp[n3_4 - i - 1];   // b-a', c+d'
+   for (   ; i < n   ; ++i) buffer[i] = -temp[i - n3_4];       // c'+d
+}
+#endif
+
+#ifndef LIBVORBIS_MDCT
+#define LIBVORBIS_MDCT 0
+#endif
+
+#if LIBVORBIS_MDCT
+// directly call the vorbis MDCT using an interface documented
+// by Jeff Roberts... useful for performance comparison
+typedef struct
+{
+  int n;
+  int log2n;
+
+  float *trig;
+  int   *bitrev;
+
+  float scale;
+} mdct_lookup;
+
+extern void mdct_init(mdct_lookup *lookup, int n);
+extern void mdct_clear(mdct_lookup *l);
+extern void mdct_backward(mdct_lookup *init, float *in, float *out);
+
+mdct_lookup M1,M2;
+
+void inverse_mdct(float *buffer, int n, vorb *f, int blocktype)
+{
+   mdct_lookup *M;
+   if (M1.n == n) M = &M1;
+   else if (M2.n == n) M = &M2;
+   else if (M1.n == 0) { mdct_init(&M1, n); M = &M1; }
+   else {
+      if (M2.n) __asm int 3;
+      mdct_init(&M2, n);
+      M = &M2;
+   }
+
+   mdct_backward(M, buffer, buffer);
+}
+#endif
+
+
+// the following were split out into separate functions while optimizing;
+// they could be pushed back up but eh. __forceinline showed no change;
+// they're probably already being inlined.
+static void imdct_step3_iter0_loop(int n, float *e, int i_off, int k_off, float *A)
+{
+   float *ee0 = e + i_off;
+   float *ee2 = ee0 + k_off;
+   int i;
+
+   assert((n & 3) == 0);
+   for (i=(n>>2); i > 0; --i) {
+      float k00_20, k01_21;
+      k00_20  = ee0[ 0] - ee2[ 0];
+      k01_21  = ee0[-1] - ee2[-1];
+      ee0[ 0] += ee2[ 0];//ee0[ 0] = ee0[ 0] + ee2[ 0];
+      ee0[-1] += ee2[-1];//ee0[-1] = ee0[-1] + ee2[-1];
+      ee2[ 0] = k00_20 * A[0] - k01_21 * A[1];
+      ee2[-1] = k01_21 * A[0] + k00_20 * A[1];
+      A += 8;
+
+      k00_20  = ee0[-2] - ee2[-2];
+      k01_21  = ee0[-3] - ee2[-3];
+      ee0[-2] += ee2[-2];//ee0[-2] = ee0[-2] + ee2[-2];
+      ee0[-3] += ee2[-3];//ee0[-3] = ee0[-3] + ee2[-3];
+      ee2[-2] = k00_20 * A[0] - k01_21 * A[1];
+      ee2[-3] = k01_21 * A[0] + k00_20 * A[1];
+      A += 8;
+
+      k00_20  = ee0[-4] - ee2[-4];
+      k01_21  = ee0[-5] - ee2[-5];
+      ee0[-4] += ee2[-4];//ee0[-4] = ee0[-4] + ee2[-4];
+      ee0[-5] += ee2[-5];//ee0[-5] = ee0[-5] + ee2[-5];
+      ee2[-4] = k00_20 * A[0] - k01_21 * A[1];
+      ee2[-5] = k01_21 * A[0] + k00_20 * A[1];
+      A += 8;
+
+      k00_20  = ee0[-6] - ee2[-6];
+      k01_21  = ee0[-7] - ee2[-7];
+      ee0[-6] += ee2[-6];//ee0[-6] = ee0[-6] + ee2[-6];
+      ee0[-7] += ee2[-7];//ee0[-7] = ee0[-7] + ee2[-7];
+      ee2[-6] = k00_20 * A[0] - k01_21 * A[1];
+      ee2[-7] = k01_21 * A[0] + k00_20 * A[1];
+      A += 8;
+      ee0 -= 8;
+      ee2 -= 8;
+   }
+}
+
+static void imdct_step3_inner_r_loop(int lim, float *e, int d0, int k_off, float *A, int k1)
+{
+   int i;
+   float k00_20, k01_21;
+
+   float *e0 = e + d0;
+   float *e2 = e0 + k_off;
+
+   for (i=lim >> 2; i > 0; --i) {
+      k00_20 = e0[-0] - e2[-0];
+      k01_21 = e0[-1] - e2[-1];
+      e0[-0] += e2[-0];//e0[-0] = e0[-0] + e2[-0];
+      e0[-1] += e2[-1];//e0[-1] = e0[-1] + e2[-1];
+      e2[-0] = (k00_20)*A[0] - (k01_21) * A[1];
+      e2[-1] = (k01_21)*A[0] + (k00_20) * A[1];
+
+      A += k1;
+
+      k00_20 = e0[-2] - e2[-2];
+      k01_21 = e0[-3] - e2[-3];
+      e0[-2] += e2[-2];//e0[-2] = e0[-2] + e2[-2];
+      e0[-3] += e2[-3];//e0[-3] = e0[-3] + e2[-3];
+      e2[-2] = (k00_20)*A[0] - (k01_21) * A[1];
+      e2[-3] = (k01_21)*A[0] + (k00_20) * A[1];
+
+      A += k1;
+
+      k00_20 = e0[-4] - e2[-4];
+      k01_21 = e0[-5] - e2[-5];
+      e0[-4] += e2[-4];//e0[-4] = e0[-4] + e2[-4];
+      e0[-5] += e2[-5];//e0[-5] = e0[-5] + e2[-5];
+      e2[-4] = (k00_20)*A[0] - (k01_21) * A[1];
+      e2[-5] = (k01_21)*A[0] + (k00_20) * A[1];
+
+      A += k1;
+
+      k00_20 = e0[-6] - e2[-6];
+      k01_21 = e0[-7] - e2[-7];
+      e0[-6] += e2[-6];//e0[-6] = e0[-6] + e2[-6];
+      e0[-7] += e2[-7];//e0[-7] = e0[-7] + e2[-7];
+      e2[-6] = (k00_20)*A[0] - (k01_21) * A[1];
+      e2[-7] = (k01_21)*A[0] + (k00_20) * A[1];
+
+      e0 -= 8;
+      e2 -= 8;
+
+      A += k1;
+   }
+}
+
+static void imdct_step3_inner_s_loop(int n, float *e, int i_off, int k_off, float *A, int a_off, int k0)
+{
+   int i;
+   float A0 = A[0];
+   float A1 = A[0+1];
+   float A2 = A[0+a_off];
+   float A3 = A[0+a_off+1];
+   float A4 = A[0+a_off*2+0];
+   float A5 = A[0+a_off*2+1];
+   float A6 = A[0+a_off*3+0];
+   float A7 = A[0+a_off*3+1];
+
+   float k00,k11;
+
+   float *ee0 = e  +i_off;
+   float *ee2 = ee0+k_off;
+
+   for (i=n; i > 0; --i) {
+      k00     = ee0[ 0] - ee2[ 0];
+      k11     = ee0[-1] - ee2[-1];
+      ee0[ 0] =  ee0[ 0] + ee2[ 0];
+      ee0[-1] =  ee0[-1] + ee2[-1];
+      ee2[ 0] = (k00) * A0 - (k11) * A1;
+      ee2[-1] = (k11) * A0 + (k00) * A1;
+
+      k00     = ee0[-2] - ee2[-2];
+      k11     = ee0[-3] - ee2[-3];
+      ee0[-2] =  ee0[-2] + ee2[-2];
+      ee0[-3] =  ee0[-3] + ee2[-3];
+      ee2[-2] = (k00) * A2 - (k11) * A3;
+      ee2[-3] = (k11) * A2 + (k00) * A3;
+
+      k00     = ee0[-4] - ee2[-4];
+      k11     = ee0[-5] - ee2[-5];
+      ee0[-4] =  ee0[-4] + ee2[-4];
+      ee0[-5] =  ee0[-5] + ee2[-5];
+      ee2[-4] = (k00) * A4 - (k11) * A5;
+      ee2[-5] = (k11) * A4 + (k00) * A5;
+
+      k00     = ee0[-6] - ee2[-6];
+      k11     = ee0[-7] - ee2[-7];
+      ee0[-6] =  ee0[-6] + ee2[-6];
+      ee0[-7] =  ee0[-7] + ee2[-7];
+      ee2[-6] = (k00) * A6 - (k11) * A7;
+      ee2[-7] = (k11) * A6 + (k00) * A7;
+
+      ee0 -= k0;
+      ee2 -= k0;
+   }
+}
+
+static __forceinline void iter_54(float *z)
+{
+   float k00,k11,k22,k33;
+   float y0,y1,y2,y3;
+
+   k00  = z[ 0] - z[-4];
+   y0   = z[ 0] + z[-4];
+   y2   = z[-2] + z[-6];
+   k22  = z[-2] - z[-6];
+
+   z[-0] = y0 + y2;      // z0 + z4 + z2 + z6
+   z[-2] = y0 - y2;      // z0 + z4 - z2 - z6
+
+   // done with y0,y2
+
+   k33  = z[-3] - z[-7];
+
+   z[-4] = k00 + k33;    // z0 - z4 + z3 - z7
+   z[-6] = k00 - k33;    // z0 - z4 - z3 + z7
+
+   // done with k33
+
+   k11  = z[-1] - z[-5];
+   y1   = z[-1] + z[-5];
+   y3   = z[-3] + z[-7];
+
+   z[-1] = y1 + y3;      // z1 + z5 + z3 + z7
+   z[-3] = y1 - y3;      // z1 + z5 - z3 - z7
+   z[-5] = k11 - k22;    // z1 - z5 + z2 - z6
+   z[-7] = k11 + k22;    // z1 - z5 - z2 + z6
+}
+
+static void imdct_step3_inner_s_loop_ld654(int n, float *e, int i_off, float *A, int base_n)
+{
+   int a_off = base_n >> 3;
+   float A2 = A[0+a_off];
+   float *z = e + i_off;
+   float *base = z - 16 * n;
+
+   while (z > base) {
+      float k00,k11;
+      float l00,l11;
+
+      k00    = z[-0] - z[ -8];
+      k11    = z[-1] - z[ -9];
+      l00    = z[-2] - z[-10];
+      l11    = z[-3] - z[-11];
+      z[ -0] = z[-0] + z[ -8];
+      z[ -1] = z[-1] + z[ -9];
+      z[ -2] = z[-2] + z[-10];
+      z[ -3] = z[-3] + z[-11];
+      z[ -8] = k00;
+      z[ -9] = k11;
+      z[-10] = (l00+l11) * A2;
+      z[-11] = (l11-l00) * A2;
+
+      k00    = z[ -4] - z[-12];
+      k11    = z[ -5] - z[-13];
+      l00    = z[ -6] - z[-14];
+      l11    = z[ -7] - z[-15];
+      z[ -4] = z[ -4] + z[-12];
+      z[ -5] = z[ -5] + z[-13];
+      z[ -6] = z[ -6] + z[-14];
+      z[ -7] = z[ -7] + z[-15];
+      z[-12] = k11;
+      z[-13] = -k00;
+      z[-14] = (l11-l00) * A2;
+      z[-15] = (l00+l11) * -A2;
+
+      iter_54(z);
+      iter_54(z-8);
+      z -= 16;
+   }
+}
+
+static void inverse_mdct(float *buffer, int n, vorb *f, int blocktype)
+{
+   int n2 = n >> 1, n4 = n >> 2, n8 = n >> 3, l;
+   int ld;
+   // @OPTIMIZE: reduce register pressure by using fewer variables?
+   int save_point = temp_alloc_save(f);
+   float *buf2 = (float *) temp_alloc(f, n2 * sizeof(*buf2));
+   float *u=NULL,*v=NULL;
+   // twiddle factors
+   float *A = f->A[blocktype];
+
+   // IMDCT algorithm from "The use of multirate filter banks for coding of high quality digital audio"
+   // See notes about bugs in that paper in less-optimal implementation 'inverse_mdct_old' after this function.
+
+   // kernel from paper
+
+
+   // merged:
+   //   copy and reflect spectral data
+   //   step 0
+
+   // note that it turns out that the items added together during
+   // this step are, in fact, being added to themselves (as reflected
+   // by step 0). inexplicable inefficiency! this became obvious
+   // once I combined the passes.
+
+   // so there's a missing 'times 2' here (for adding X to itself).
+   // this propagates through linearly to the end, where the numbers
+   // are 1/2 too small, and need to be compensated for.
+
+   {
+      float *d,*e, *AA, *e_stop;
+      d = &buf2[n2-2];
+      AA = A;
+      e = &buffer[0];
+      e_stop = &buffer[n2];
+      while (e != e_stop) {
+         d[1] = (e[0] * AA[0] - e[2]*AA[1]);
+         d[0] = (e[0] * AA[1] + e[2]*AA[0]);
+         d -= 2;
+         AA += 2;
+         e += 4;
+      }
+
+      e = &buffer[n2-3];
+      while (d >= buf2) {
+         d[1] = (-e[2] * AA[0] - -e[0]*AA[1]);
+         d[0] = (-e[2] * AA[1] + -e[0]*AA[0]);
+         d -= 2;
+         AA += 2;
+         e -= 4;
+      }
+   }
+
+   // now we use symbolic names for these, so that we can
+   // possibly swap their meaning as we change which operations
+   // are in place
+
+   u = buffer;
+   v = buf2;
+
+   // step 2    (paper output is w, now u)
+   // this could be in place, but the data ends up in the wrong
+   // place... _somebody_'s got to swap it, so this is nominated
+   {
+      float *AA = &A[n2-8];
+      float *d0,*d1, *e0, *e1;
+
+      e0 = &v[n4];
+      e1 = &v[0];
+
+      d0 = &u[n4];
+      d1 = &u[0];
+
+      while (AA >= A) {
+         float v40_20, v41_21;
+
+         v41_21 = e0[1] - e1[1];
+         v40_20 = e0[0] - e1[0];
+         d0[1]  = e0[1] + e1[1];
+         d0[0]  = e0[0] + e1[0];
+         d1[1]  = v41_21*AA[4] - v40_20*AA[5];
+         d1[0]  = v40_20*AA[4] + v41_21*AA[5];
+
+         v41_21 = e0[3] - e1[3];
+         v40_20 = e0[2] - e1[2];
+         d0[3]  = e0[3] + e1[3];
+         d0[2]  = e0[2] + e1[2];
+         d1[3]  = v41_21*AA[0] - v40_20*AA[1];
+         d1[2]  = v40_20*AA[0] + v41_21*AA[1];
+
+         AA -= 8;
+
+         d0 += 4;
+         d1 += 4;
+         e0 += 4;
+         e1 += 4;
+      }
+   }
+
+   // step 3
+   ld = ilog(n) - 1; // ilog is off-by-one from normal definitions
+
+   // optimized step 3:
+
+   // the original step3 loop can be nested r inside s or s inside r;
+   // it's written originally as s inside r, but this is dumb when r
+   // iterates many times, and s few. So I have two copies of it and
+   // switch between them halfway.
+
+   // this is iteration 0 of step 3
+   imdct_step3_iter0_loop(n >> 4, u, n2-1-n4*0, -(n >> 3), A);
+   imdct_step3_iter0_loop(n >> 4, u, n2-1-n4*1, -(n >> 3), A);
+
+   // this is iteration 1 of step 3
+   imdct_step3_inner_r_loop(n >> 5, u, n2-1 - n8*0, -(n >> 4), A, 16);
+   imdct_step3_inner_r_loop(n >> 5, u, n2-1 - n8*1, -(n >> 4), A, 16);
+   imdct_step3_inner_r_loop(n >> 5, u, n2-1 - n8*2, -(n >> 4), A, 16);
+   imdct_step3_inner_r_loop(n >> 5, u, n2-1 - n8*3, -(n >> 4), A, 16);
+
+   l=2;
+   for (; l < (ld-3)>>1; ++l) {
+      int k0 = n >> (l+2), k0_2 = k0>>1;
+      int lim = 1 << (l+1);
+      int i;
+      for (i=0; i < lim; ++i)
+         imdct_step3_inner_r_loop(n >> (l+4), u, n2-1 - k0*i, -k0_2, A, 1 << (l+3));
+   }
+
+   for (; l < ld-6; ++l) {
+      int k0 = n >> (l+2), k1 = 1 << (l+3), k0_2 = k0>>1;
+      int rlim = n >> (l+6), r;
+      int lim = 1 << (l+1);
+      int i_off;
+      float *A0 = A;
+      i_off = n2-1;
+      for (r=rlim; r > 0; --r) {
+         imdct_step3_inner_s_loop(lim, u, i_off, -k0_2, A0, k1, k0);
+         A0 += k1*4;
+         i_off -= 8;
+      }
+   }
+
+   // iterations with count:
+   //   ld-6,-5,-4 all interleaved together
+   //       the big win comes from getting rid of needless flops
+   //         due to the constants on pass 5 & 4 being all 1 and 0;
+   //       combining them to be simultaneous to improve cache made little difference
+   imdct_step3_inner_s_loop_ld654(n >> 5, u, n2-1, A, n);
+
+   // output is u
+
+   // step 4, 5, and 6
+   // cannot be in-place because of step 5
+   {
+      uint16 *bitrev = f->bit_reverse[blocktype];
+      // weirdly, I'd have thought reading sequentially and writing
+      // erratically would have been better than vice-versa, but in
+      // fact that's not what my testing showed. (That is, with
+      // j = bitreverse(i), do you read i and write j, or read j and write i.)
+
+      float *d0 = &v[n4-4];
+      float *d1 = &v[n2-4];
+      while (d0 >= v) {
+         int k4;
+
+         k4 = bitrev[0];
+         d1[3] = u[k4+0];
+         d1[2] = u[k4+1];
+         d0[3] = u[k4+2];
+         d0[2] = u[k4+3];
+
+         k4 = bitrev[1];
+         d1[1] = u[k4+0];
+         d1[0] = u[k4+1];
+         d0[1] = u[k4+2];
+         d0[0] = u[k4+3];
+
+         d0 -= 4;
+         d1 -= 4;
+         bitrev += 2;
+      }
+   }
+   // (paper output is u, now v)
+
+
+   // data must be in buf2
+   assert(v == buf2);
+
+   // step 7   (paper output is v, now v)
+   // this is now in place
+   {
+      float *C = f->C[blocktype];
+      float *d, *e;
+
+      d = v;
+      e = v + n2 - 4;
+
+      while (d < e) {
+         float a02,a11,b0,b1,b2,b3;
+
+         a02 = d[0] - e[2];
+         a11 = d[1] + e[3];
+
+         b0 = C[1]*a02 + C[0]*a11;
+         b1 = C[1]*a11 - C[0]*a02;
+
+         b2 = d[0] + e[ 2];
+         b3 = d[1] - e[ 3];
+
+         d[0] = b2 + b0;
+         d[1] = b3 + b1;
+         e[2] = b2 - b0;
+         e[3] = b1 - b3;
+
+         a02 = d[2] - e[0];
+         a11 = d[3] + e[1];
+
+         b0 = C[3]*a02 + C[2]*a11;
+         b1 = C[3]*a11 - C[2]*a02;
+
+         b2 = d[2] + e[ 0];
+         b3 = d[3] - e[ 1];
+
+         d[2] = b2 + b0;
+         d[3] = b3 + b1;
+         e[0] = b2 - b0;
+         e[1] = b1 - b3;
+
+         C += 4;
+         d += 4;
+         e -= 4;
+      }
+   }
+
+   // data must be in buf2
+
+
+   // step 8+decode   (paper output is X, now buffer)
+   // this generates pairs of data a la 8 and pushes them directly through
+   // the decode kernel (pushing rather than pulling) to avoid having
+   // to make another pass later
+
+   // this cannot POSSIBLY be in place, so we refer to the buffers directly
+
+   {
+      float *d0,*d1,*d2,*d3;
+
+      float *B = f->B[blocktype] + n2 - 8;
+      float *e = buf2 + n2 - 8;
+      d0 = &buffer[0];
+      d1 = &buffer[n2-4];
+      d2 = &buffer[n2];
+      d3 = &buffer[n-4];
+      while (e >= v) {
+         float p0,p1,p2,p3;
+
+         p3 =  e[6]*B[7] - e[7]*B[6];
+         p2 = -e[6]*B[6] - e[7]*B[7];
+
+         d0[0] =   p3;
+         d1[3] = - p3;
+         d2[0] =   p2;
+         d3[3] =   p2;
+
+         p1 =  e[4]*B[5] - e[5]*B[4];
+         p0 = -e[4]*B[4] - e[5]*B[5];
+
+         d0[1] =   p1;
+         d1[2] = - p1;
+         d2[1] =   p0;
+         d3[2] =   p0;
+
+         p3 =  e[2]*B[3] - e[3]*B[2];
+         p2 = -e[2]*B[2] - e[3]*B[3];
+
+         d0[2] =   p3;
+         d1[1] = - p3;
+         d2[2] =   p2;
+         d3[1] =   p2;
+
+         p1 =  e[0]*B[1] - e[1]*B[0];
+         p0 = -e[0]*B[0] - e[1]*B[1];
+
+         d0[3] =   p1;
+         d1[0] = - p1;
+         d2[3] =   p0;
+         d3[0] =   p0;
+
+         B -= 8;
+         e -= 8;
+         d0 += 4;
+         d2 += 4;
+         d1 -= 4;
+         d3 -= 4;
+      }
+   }
+
+   temp_free(f,buf2);
+   temp_alloc_restore(f,save_point);
+}
+
+#if 0
+// this is the original version of the above code, if you want to optimize it from scratch
+void inverse_mdct_naive(float *buffer, int n)
+{
+   float s;
+   float A[1 << 12], B[1 << 12], C[1 << 11];
+   int i,k,k2,k4, n2 = n >> 1, n4 = n >> 2, n8 = n >> 3, l;
+   int n3_4 = n - n4, ld;
+   // how can they claim this only uses N words?!
+   // oh, because they're only used sparsely, whoops
+   float u[1 << 13], X[1 << 13], v[1 << 13], w[1 << 13];
+   // set up twiddle factors
+
+   for (k=k2=0; k < n4; ++k,k2+=2) {
+      A[k2  ] = (float)  cos(4*k*M_PI/n);
+      A[k2+1] = (float) -sin(4*k*M_PI/n);
+      B[k2  ] = (float)  cos((k2+1)*M_PI/n/2);
+      B[k2+1] = (float)  sin((k2+1)*M_PI/n/2);
+   }
+   for (k=k2=0; k < n8; ++k,k2+=2) {
+      C[k2  ] = (float)  cos(2*(k2+1)*M_PI/n);
+      C[k2+1] = (float) -sin(2*(k2+1)*M_PI/n);
+   }
+
+   // IMDCT algorithm from "The use of multirate filter banks for coding of high quality digital audio"
+   // Note there are bugs in that pseudocode, presumably due to them attempting
+   // to rename the arrays nicely rather than representing the way their actual
+   // implementation bounces buffers back and forth. As a result, even in the
+   // "some formulars corrected" version, a direct implementation fails. These
+   // are noted below as "paper bug".
+
+   // copy and reflect spectral data
+   for (k=0; k < n2; ++k) u[k] = buffer[k];
+   for (   ; k < n ; ++k) u[k] = -buffer[n - k - 1];
+   // kernel from paper
+   // step 1
+   for (k=k2=k4=0; k < n4; k+=1, k2+=2, k4+=4) {
+      v[n-k4-1] = (u[k4] - u[n-k4-1]) * A[k2]   - (u[k4+2] - u[n-k4-3])*A[k2+1];
+      v[n-k4-3] = (u[k4] - u[n-k4-1]) * A[k2+1] + (u[k4+2] - u[n-k4-3])*A[k2];
+   }
+   // step 2
+   for (k=k4=0; k < n8; k+=1, k4+=4) {
+      w[n2+3+k4] = v[n2+3+k4] + v[k4+3];
+      w[n2+1+k4] = v[n2+1+k4] + v[k4+1];
+      w[k4+3]    = (v[n2+3+k4] - v[k4+3])*A[n2-4-k4] - (v[n2+1+k4]-v[k4+1])*A[n2-3-k4];
+      w[k4+1]    = (v[n2+1+k4] - v[k4+1])*A[n2-4-k4] + (v[n2+3+k4]-v[k4+3])*A[n2-3-k4];
+   }
+   // step 3
+   ld = ilog(n) - 1; // ilog is off-by-one from normal definitions
+   for (l=0; l < ld-3; ++l) {
+      int k0 = n >> (l+2), k1 = 1 << (l+3);
+      int rlim = n >> (l+4), r4, r;
+      int s2lim = 1 << (l+2), s2;
+      for (r=r4=0; r < rlim; r4+=4,++r) {
+         for (s2=0; s2 < s2lim; s2+=2) {
+            u[n-1-k0*s2-r4] = w[n-1-k0*s2-r4] + w[n-1-k0*(s2+1)-r4];
+            u[n-3-k0*s2-r4] = w[n-3-k0*s2-r4] + w[n-3-k0*(s2+1)-r4];
+            u[n-1-k0*(s2+1)-r4] = (w[n-1-k0*s2-r4] - w[n-1-k0*(s2+1)-r4]) * A[r*k1]
+                                - (w[n-3-k0*s2-r4] - w[n-3-k0*(s2+1)-r4]) * A[r*k1+1];
+            u[n-3-k0*(s2+1)-r4] = (w[n-3-k0*s2-r4] - w[n-3-k0*(s2+1)-r4]) * A[r*k1]
+                                + (w[n-1-k0*s2-r4] - w[n-1-k0*(s2+1)-r4]) * A[r*k1+1];
+         }
+      }
+      if (l+1 < ld-3) {
+         // paper bug: ping-ponging of u&w here is omitted
+         memcpy(w, u, sizeof(u));
+      }
+   }
+
+   // step 4
+   for (i=0; i < n8; ++i) {
+      int j = bit_reverse(i) >> (32-ld+3);
+      assert(j < n8);
+      if (i == j) {
+         // paper bug: original code probably swapped in place; if copying,
+         //            need to directly copy in this case
+         int i8 = i << 3;
+         v[i8+1] = u[i8+1];
+         v[i8+3] = u[i8+3];
+         v[i8+5] = u[i8+5];
+         v[i8+7] = u[i8+7];
+      } else if (i < j) {
+         int i8 = i << 3, j8 = j << 3;
+         v[j8+1] = u[i8+1], v[i8+1] = u[j8 + 1];
+         v[j8+3] = u[i8+3], v[i8+3] = u[j8 + 3];
+         v[j8+5] = u[i8+5], v[i8+5] = u[j8 + 5];
+         v[j8+7] = u[i8+7], v[i8+7] = u[j8 + 7];
+      }
+   }
+   // step 5
+   for (k=0; k < n2; ++k) {
+      w[k] = v[k*2+1];
+   }
+   // step 6
+   for (k=k2=k4=0; k < n8; ++k, k2 += 2, k4 += 4) {
+      u[n-1-k2] = w[k4];
+      u[n-2-k2] = w[k4+1];
+      u[n3_4 - 1 - k2] = w[k4+2];
+      u[n3_4 - 2 - k2] = w[k4+3];
+   }
+   // step 7
+   for (k=k2=0; k < n8; ++k, k2 += 2) {
+      v[n2 + k2 ] = ( u[n2 + k2] + u[n-2-k2] + C[k2+1]*(u[n2+k2]-u[n-2-k2]) + C[k2]*(u[n2+k2+1]+u[n-2-k2+1]))/2;
+      v[n-2 - k2] = ( u[n2 + k2] + u[n-2-k2] - C[k2+1]*(u[n2+k2]-u[n-2-k2]) - C[k2]*(u[n2+k2+1]+u[n-2-k2+1]))/2;
+      v[n2+1+ k2] = ( u[n2+1+k2] - u[n-1-k2] + C[k2+1]*(u[n2+1+k2]+u[n-1-k2]) - C[k2]*(u[n2+k2]-u[n-2-k2]))/2;
+      v[n-1 - k2] = (-u[n2+1+k2] + u[n-1-k2] + C[k2+1]*(u[n2+1+k2]+u[n-1-k2]) - C[k2]*(u[n2+k2]-u[n-2-k2]))/2;
+   }
+   // step 8
+   for (k=k2=0; k < n4; ++k,k2 += 2) {
+      X[k]      = v[k2+n2]*B[k2  ] + v[k2+1+n2]*B[k2+1];
+      X[n2-1-k] = v[k2+n2]*B[k2+1] - v[k2+1+n2]*B[k2  ];
+   }
+
+   // decode kernel to output
+   // determined the following value experimentally
+   // (by first figuring out what made inverse_mdct_slow work); then matching that here
+   // (probably vorbis encoder premultiplies by n or n/2, to save it on the decoder?)
+   s = 0.5; // theoretically would be n4
+
+   // [[[ note! the s value of 0.5 is compensated for by the B[] in the current code,
+   //     so it needs to use the "old" B values to behave correctly, or else
+   //     set s to 1.0 ]]]
+   for (i=0; i < n4  ; ++i) buffer[i] = s * X[i+n4];
+   for (   ; i < n3_4; ++i) buffer[i] = -s * X[n3_4 - i - 1];
+   for (   ; i < n   ; ++i) buffer[i] = -s * X[i - n3_4];
+}
+#endif
+
+static float *get_window(vorb *f, int len)
+{
+   len <<= 1;
+   if (len == f->blocksize_0) return f->window[0];
+   if (len == f->blocksize_1) return f->window[1];
+   return NULL;
+}
+
+#ifndef STB_VORBIS_NO_DEFER_FLOOR
+typedef int16 YTYPE;
+#else
+typedef int YTYPE;
+#endif
+static int do_floor(vorb *f, Mapping *map, int i, int n, float *target, YTYPE *finalY, uint8 *step2_flag)
+{
+   int n2 = n >> 1;
+   int s = map->chan[i].mux, floor;
+   floor = map->submap_floor[s];
+   if (f->floor_types[floor] == 0) {
+      return error(f, VORBIS_invalid_stream);
+   } else {
+      Floor1 *g = &f->floor_config[floor].floor1;
+      int j,q;
+      int lx = 0, ly = finalY[0] * g->floor1_multiplier;
+      for (q=1; q < g->values; ++q) {
+         j = g->sorted_order[q];
+         #ifndef STB_VORBIS_NO_DEFER_FLOOR
+         STBV_NOTUSED(step2_flag);
+         if (finalY[j] >= 0)
+         #else
+         if (step2_flag[j])
+         #endif
+         {
+            int hy = finalY[j] * g->floor1_multiplier;
+            int hx = g->Xlist[j];
+            if (lx != hx)
+               draw_line(target, lx,ly, hx,hy, n2);
+            CHECK(f);
+            lx = hx, ly = hy;
+         }
+      }
+      if (lx < n2) {
+         // optimization of: draw_line(target, lx,ly, n,ly, n2);
+         for (j=lx; j < n2; ++j)
+            LINE_OP(target[j], inverse_db_table[ly]);
+         CHECK(f);
+      }
+   }
+   return TRUE;
+}
+
+// The meaning of "left" and "right"
+//
+// For a given frame:
+//     we compute samples from 0..n
+//     window_center is n/2
+//     we'll window and mix the samples from left_start to left_end with data from the previous frame
+//     all of the samples from left_end to right_start can be output without mixing; however,
+//        this interval is 0-length except when transitioning between short and long frames
+//     all of the samples from right_start to right_end need to be mixed with the next frame,
+//        which we don't have, so those get saved in a buffer
+//     frame N's right_end-right_start, the number of samples to mix with the next frame,
+//        has to be the same as frame N+1's left_end-left_start (which they are by
+//        construction)
+
+static int vorbis_decode_initial(vorb *f, int *p_left_start, int *p_left_end, int *p_right_start, int *p_right_end, int *mode)
+{
+   Mode *m;
+   int i, n, prev, next, window_center;
+   f->channel_buffer_start = f->channel_buffer_end = 0;
+
+  retry:
+   if (f->eof) return FALSE;
+   if (!maybe_start_packet(f))
+      return FALSE;
+   // check packet type
+   if (get_bits(f,1) != 0) {
+      if (IS_PUSH_MODE(f))
+         return error(f,VORBIS_bad_packet_type);
+      while (EOP != get8_packet(f));
+      goto retry;
+   }
+
+   if (f->alloc.alloc_buffer)
+      assert(f->alloc.alloc_buffer_length_in_bytes == f->temp_offset);
+
+   i = get_bits(f, ilog(f->mode_count-1));
+   if (i == EOP) return FALSE;
+   if (i >= f->mode_count) return FALSE;
+   *mode = i;
+   m = f->mode_config + i;
+   if (m->blockflag) {
+      n = f->blocksize_1;
+      prev = get_bits(f,1);
+      next = get_bits(f,1);
+   } else {
+      prev = next = 0;
+      n = f->blocksize_0;
+   }
+
+// WINDOWING
+
+   window_center = n >> 1;
+   if (m->blockflag && !prev) {
+      *p_left_start = (n - f->blocksize_0) >> 2;
+      *p_left_end   = (n + f->blocksize_0) >> 2;
+   } else {
+      *p_left_start = 0;
+      *p_left_end   = window_center;
+   }
+   if (m->blockflag && !next) {
+      *p_right_start = (n*3 - f->blocksize_0) >> 2;
+      *p_right_end   = (n*3 + f->blocksize_0) >> 2;
+   } else {
+      *p_right_start = window_center;
+      *p_right_end   = n;
+   }
+
+   return TRUE;
+}
+
+static int vorbis_decode_packet_rest(vorb *f, int *len, Mode *m, int left_start, int left_end, int right_start, int right_end, int *p_left)
+{
+   Mapping *map;
+   int i,j,k,n,n2;
+   int zero_channel[256];
+   int really_zero_channel[256];
+
+// WINDOWING
+
+   STBV_NOTUSED(left_end);
+   n = f->blocksize[m->blockflag];
+   map = &f->mapping[m->mapping];
+
+// FLOORS
+   n2 = n >> 1;
+
+   CHECK(f);
+
+   for (i=0; i < f->channels; ++i) {
+      int s = map->chan[i].mux, floor;
+      zero_channel[i] = FALSE;
+      floor = map->submap_floor[s];
+      if (f->floor_types[floor] == 0) {
+         return error(f, VORBIS_invalid_stream);
+      } else {
+         Floor1 *g = &f->floor_config[floor].floor1;
+         if (get_bits(f, 1)) {
+            short *finalY;
+            uint8 step2_flag[256];
+            static int range_list[4] = { 256, 128, 86, 64 };
+            int range = range_list[g->floor1_multiplier-1];
+            int offset = 2;
+            finalY = f->finalY[i];
+            finalY[0] = get_bits(f, ilog(range)-1);
+            finalY[1] = get_bits(f, ilog(range)-1);
+            for (j=0; j < g->partitions; ++j) {
+               int pclass = g->partition_class_list[j];
+               int cdim = g->class_dimensions[pclass];
+               int cbits = g->class_subclasses[pclass];
+               int csub = (1 << cbits)-1;
+               int cval = 0;
+               if (cbits) {
+                  Codebook *c = f->codebooks + g->class_masterbooks[pclass];
+                  DECODE(cval,f,c);
+               }
+               for (k=0; k < cdim; ++k) {
+                  int book = g->subclass_books[pclass][cval & csub];
+                  cval = cval >> cbits;
+                  if (book >= 0) {
+                     int temp;
+                     Codebook *c = f->codebooks + book;
+                     DECODE(temp,f,c);
+                     finalY[offset++] = temp;
+                  } else
+                     finalY[offset++] = 0;
+               }
+            }
+            if (f->valid_bits == INVALID_BITS) goto error; // behavior according to spec
+            step2_flag[0] = step2_flag[1] = 1;
+            for (j=2; j < g->values; ++j) {
+               int low, high, pred, highroom, lowroom, room, val;
+               low = g->neighbors[j][0];
+               high = g->neighbors[j][1];
+               //neighbors(g->Xlist, j, &low, &high);
+               pred = predict_point(g->Xlist[j], g->Xlist[low], g->Xlist[high], finalY[low], finalY[high]);
+               val = finalY[j];
+               highroom = range - pred;
+               lowroom = pred;
+               if (highroom < lowroom)
+                  room = highroom * 2;
+               else
+                  room = lowroom * 2;
+               if (val) {
+                  step2_flag[low] = step2_flag[high] = 1;
+                  step2_flag[j] = 1;
+                  if (val >= room)
+                     if (highroom > lowroom)
+                        finalY[j] = val - lowroom + pred;
+                     else
+                        finalY[j] = pred - val + highroom - 1;
+                  else
+                     if (val & 1)
+                        finalY[j] = pred - ((val+1)>>1);
+                     else
+                        finalY[j] = pred + (val>>1);
+               } else {
+                  step2_flag[j] = 0;
+                  finalY[j] = pred;
+               }
+            }
+
+#ifdef STB_VORBIS_NO_DEFER_FLOOR
+            do_floor(f, map, i, n, f->floor_buffers[i], finalY, step2_flag);
+#else
+            // defer final floor computation until _after_ residue
+            for (j=0; j < g->values; ++j) {
+               if (!step2_flag[j])
+                  finalY[j] = -1;
+            }
+#endif
+         } else {
+           error:
+            zero_channel[i] = TRUE;
+         }
+         // So we just defer everything else to later
+
+         // at this point we've decoded the floor into buffer
+      }
+   }
+   CHECK(f);
+   // at this point we've decoded all floors
+
+   if (f->alloc.alloc_buffer)
+      assert(f->alloc.alloc_buffer_length_in_bytes == f->temp_offset);
+
+   // re-enable coupled channels if necessary
+   memcpy(really_zero_channel, zero_channel, sizeof(really_zero_channel[0]) * f->channels);
+   for (i=0; i < map->coupling_steps; ++i)
+      if (!zero_channel[map->chan[i].magnitude] || !zero_channel[map->chan[i].angle]) {
+         zero_channel[map->chan[i].magnitude] = zero_channel[map->chan[i].angle] = FALSE;
+      }
+
+   CHECK(f);
+// RESIDUE DECODE
+   for (i=0; i < map->submaps; ++i) {
+      float *residue_buffers[STB_VORBIS_MAX_CHANNELS];
+      int r;
+      uint8 do_not_decode[256];
+      int ch = 0;
+      for (j=0; j < f->channels; ++j) {
+         if (map->chan[j].mux == i) {
+            if (zero_channel[j]) {
+               do_not_decode[ch] = TRUE;
+               residue_buffers[ch] = NULL;
+            } else {
+               do_not_decode[ch] = FALSE;
+               residue_buffers[ch] = f->channel_buffers[j];
+            }
+            ++ch;
+         }
+      }
+      r = map->submap_residue[i];
+      decode_residue(f, residue_buffers, ch, n2, r, do_not_decode);
+   }
+
+   if (f->alloc.alloc_buffer)
+      assert(f->alloc.alloc_buffer_length_in_bytes == f->temp_offset);
+   CHECK(f);
+
+// INVERSE COUPLING
+   for (i = map->coupling_steps-1; i >= 0; --i) {
+      int n2 = n >> 1;
+      float *m = f->channel_buffers[map->chan[i].magnitude];
+      float *a = f->channel_buffers[map->chan[i].angle    ];
+      for (j=0; j < n2; ++j) {
+         float a2,m2;
+         if (m[j] > 0)
+            if (a[j] > 0)
+               m2 = m[j], a2 = m[j] - a[j];
+            else
+               a2 = m[j], m2 = m[j] + a[j];
+         else
+            if (a[j] > 0)
+               m2 = m[j], a2 = m[j] + a[j];
+            else
+               a2 = m[j], m2 = m[j] - a[j];
+         m[j] = m2;
+         a[j] = a2;
+      }
+   }
+   CHECK(f);
+
+   // finish decoding the floors
+#ifndef STB_VORBIS_NO_DEFER_FLOOR
+   for (i=0; i < f->channels; ++i) {
+      if (really_zero_channel[i]) {
+         memset(f->channel_buffers[i], 0, sizeof(*f->channel_buffers[i]) * n2);
+      } else {
+         do_floor(f, map, i, n, f->channel_buffers[i], f->finalY[i], NULL);
+      }
+   }
+#else
+   for (i=0; i < f->channels; ++i) {
+      if (really_zero_channel[i]) {
+         memset(f->channel_buffers[i], 0, sizeof(*f->channel_buffers[i]) * n2);
+      } else {
+         for (j=0; j < n2; ++j)
+            f->channel_buffers[i][j] *= f->floor_buffers[i][j];
+      }
+   }
+#endif
+
+// INVERSE MDCT
+   CHECK(f);
+   for (i=0; i < f->channels; ++i)
+      inverse_mdct(f->channel_buffers[i], n, f, m->blockflag);
+   CHECK(f);
+
+   // this shouldn't be necessary, unless we exited on an error
+   // and want to flush to get to the next packet
+   flush_packet(f);
+
+   if (f->first_decode) {
+      // assume we start so first non-discarded sample is sample 0
+      // this isn't to spec, but spec would require us to read ahead
+      // and decode the size of all current frames--could be done,
+      // but presumably it's not a commonly used feature
+      f->current_loc = 0u - n2; // start of first frame is positioned for discard (NB this is an intentional unsigned overflow/wrap-around)
+      // we might have to discard samples "from" the next frame too,
+      // if we're lapping a large block then a small at the start?
+      f->discard_samples_deferred = n - right_end;
+      f->current_loc_valid = TRUE;
+      f->first_decode = FALSE;
+   } else if (f->discard_samples_deferred) {
+      if (f->discard_samples_deferred >= right_start - left_start) {
+         f->discard_samples_deferred -= (right_start - left_start);
+         left_start = right_start;
+         *p_left = left_start;
+      } else {
+         left_start += f->discard_samples_deferred;
+         *p_left = left_start;
+         f->discard_samples_deferred = 0;
+      }
+   } else if (f->previous_length == 0 && f->current_loc_valid) {
+      // we're recovering from a seek... that means we're going to discard
+      // the samples from this packet even though we know our position from
+      // the last page header, so we need to update the position based on
+      // the discarded samples here
+      // but wait, the code below is going to add this in itself even
+      // on a discard, so we don't need to do it here...
+   }
+
+   // check if we have ogg information about the sample # for this packet
+   if (f->last_seg_which == f->end_seg_with_known_loc) {
+      // if we have a valid current loc, and this is final:
+      if (f->current_loc_valid && (f->page_flag & PAGEFLAG_last_page)) {
+         uint32 current_end = f->known_loc_for_packet;
+         // then let's infer the size of the (probably) short final frame
+         if (current_end < f->current_loc + (right_end-left_start)) {
+            if (current_end < f->current_loc) {
+               // negative truncation, that's impossible!
+               *len = 0;
+            } else {
+               *len = current_end - f->current_loc;
+            }
+            *len += left_start; // this doesn't seem right, but has no ill effect on my test files
+            if (*len > right_end) *len = right_end; // this should never happen
+            f->current_loc += *len;
+            return TRUE;
+         }
+      }
+      // otherwise, just set our sample loc
+      // guess that the ogg granule pos refers to the _middle_ of the
+      // last frame?
+      // set f->current_loc to the position of left_start
+      f->current_loc = f->known_loc_for_packet - (n2-left_start);
+      f->current_loc_valid = TRUE;
+   }
+   if (f->current_loc_valid)
+      f->current_loc += (right_start - left_start);
+
+   if (f->alloc.alloc_buffer)
+      assert(f->alloc.alloc_buffer_length_in_bytes == f->temp_offset);
+   *len = right_end;  // ignore samples after the window goes to 0
+   CHECK(f);
+
+   return TRUE;
+}
+
+static int vorbis_decode_packet(vorb *f, int *len, int *p_left, int *p_right)
+{
+   int mode, left_end, right_end;
+   if (!vorbis_decode_initial(f, p_left, &left_end, p_right, &right_end, &mode)) return 0;
+   return vorbis_decode_packet_rest(f, len, f->mode_config + mode, *p_left, left_end, *p_right, right_end, p_left);
+}
+
+static int vorbis_finish_frame(stb_vorbis *f, int len, int left, int right)
+{
+   int prev,i,j;
+   // we use right&left (the start of the right- and left-window sin()-regions)
+   // to determine how much to return, rather than inferring from the rules
+   // (same result, clearer code); 'left' indicates where our sin() window
+   // starts, therefore where the previous window's right edge starts, and
+   // therefore where to start mixing from the previous buffer. 'right'
+   // indicates where our sin() ending-window starts, therefore that's where
+   // we start saving, and where our returned-data ends.
+
+   // mixin from previous window
+   if (f->previous_length) {
+      int i,j, n = f->previous_length;
+      float *w = get_window(f, n);
+      if (w == NULL) return 0;
+      for (i=0; i < f->channels; ++i) {
+         for (j=0; j < n; ++j)
+            f->channel_buffers[i][left+j] =
+               f->channel_buffers[i][left+j]*w[    j] +
+               f->previous_window[i][     j]*w[n-1-j];
+      }
+   }
+
+   prev = f->previous_length;
+
+   // last half of this data becomes previous window
+   f->previous_length = len - right;
+
+   // @OPTIMIZE: could avoid this copy by double-buffering the
+   // output (flipping previous_window with channel_buffers), but
+   // then previous_window would have to be 2x as large, and
+   // channel_buffers couldn't be temp mem (although they're NOT
+   // currently temp mem, they could be (unless we want to level
+   // performance by spreading out the computation))
+   for (i=0; i < f->channels; ++i)
+      for (j=0; right+j < len; ++j)
+         f->previous_window[i][j] = f->channel_buffers[i][right+j];
+
+   if (!prev)
+      // there was no previous packet, so this data isn't valid...
+      // this isn't entirely true, only the would-have-overlapped data
+      // isn't valid, but this seems to be what the spec requires
+      return 0;
+
+   // truncate a short frame
+   if (len < right) right = len;
+
+   f->samples_output += right-left;
+
+   return right - left;
+}
+
+static int vorbis_pump_first_frame(stb_vorbis *f)
+{
+   int len, right, left, res;
+   res = vorbis_decode_packet(f, &len, &left, &right);
+   if (res)
+      vorbis_finish_frame(f, len, left, right);
+   return res;
+}
+
+#ifndef STB_VORBIS_NO_PUSHDATA_API
+static int is_whole_packet_present(stb_vorbis *f)
+{
+   // make sure that we have the packet available before continuing...
+   // this requires a full ogg parse, but we know we can fetch from f->stream
+
+   // instead of coding this out explicitly, we could save the current read state,
+   // read the next packet with get8() until end-of-packet, check f->eof, then
+   // reset the state? but that would be slower, esp. since we'd have over 256 bytes
+   // of state to restore (primarily the page segment table)
+
+   int s = f->next_seg, first = TRUE;
+   uint8 *p = f->stream;
+
+   if (s != -1) { // if we're not starting the packet with a 'continue on next page' flag
+      for (; s < f->segment_count; ++s) {
+         p += f->segments[s];
+         if (f->segments[s] < 255)               // stop at first short segment
+            break;
+      }
+      // either this continues, or it ends it...
+      if (s == f->segment_count)
+         s = -1; // set 'crosses page' flag
+      if (p > f->stream_end)                     return error(f, VORBIS_need_more_data);
+      first = FALSE;
+   }
+   for (; s == -1;) {
+      uint8 *q;
+      int n;
+
+      // check that we have the page header ready
+      if (p + 26 >= f->stream_end)               return error(f, VORBIS_need_more_data);
+      // validate the page
+      if (memcmp(p, ogg_page_header, 4))         return error(f, VORBIS_invalid_stream);
+      if (p[4] != 0)                             return error(f, VORBIS_invalid_stream);
+      if (first) { // the first segment must NOT have 'continued_packet', later ones MUST
+         if (f->previous_length)
+            if ((p[5] & PAGEFLAG_continued_packet))  return error(f, VORBIS_invalid_stream);
+         // if no previous length, we're resynching, so we can come in on a continued-packet,
+         // which we'll just drop
+      } else {
+         if (!(p[5] & PAGEFLAG_continued_packet)) return error(f, VORBIS_invalid_stream);
+      }
+      n = p[26]; // segment counts
+      q = p+27;  // q points to segment table
+      p = q + n; // advance past header
+      // make sure we've read the segment table
+      if (p > f->stream_end)                     return error(f, VORBIS_need_more_data);
+      for (s=0; s < n; ++s) {
+         p += q[s];
+         if (q[s] < 255)
+            break;
+      }
+      if (s == n)
+         s = -1; // set 'crosses page' flag
+      if (p > f->stream_end)                     return error(f, VORBIS_need_more_data);
+      first = FALSE;
+   }
+   return TRUE;
+}
+#endif // !STB_VORBIS_NO_PUSHDATA_API
+
+static int start_decoder(vorb *f)
+{
+   uint8 header[6], x,y;
+   int len,i,j,k, max_submaps = 0;
+   int longest_floorlist=0;
+
+   // first page, first packet
+   f->first_decode = TRUE;
+
+   if (!start_page(f))                              return FALSE;
+   // validate page flag
+   if (!(f->page_flag & PAGEFLAG_first_page))       return error(f, VORBIS_invalid_first_page);
+   if (f->page_flag & PAGEFLAG_last_page)           return error(f, VORBIS_invalid_first_page);
+   if (f->page_flag & PAGEFLAG_continued_packet)    return error(f, VORBIS_invalid_first_page);
+   // check for expected packet length
+   if (f->segment_count != 1)                       return error(f, VORBIS_invalid_first_page);
+   if (f->segments[0] != 30) {
+      // check for the Ogg skeleton fishead identifying header to refine our error
+      if (f->segments[0] == 64 &&
+          getn(f, header, 6) &&
+          header[0] == 'f' &&
+          header[1] == 'i' &&
+          header[2] == 's' &&
+          header[3] == 'h' &&
+          header[4] == 'e' &&
+          header[5] == 'a' &&
+          get8(f)   == 'd' &&
+          get8(f)   == '\0')                        return error(f, VORBIS_ogg_skeleton_not_supported);
+      else
+                                                    return error(f, VORBIS_invalid_first_page);
+   }
+
+   // read packet
+   // check packet header
+   if (get8(f) != VORBIS_packet_id)                 return error(f, VORBIS_invalid_first_page);
+   if (!getn(f, header, 6))                         return error(f, VORBIS_unexpected_eof);
+   if (!vorbis_validate(header))                    return error(f, VORBIS_invalid_first_page);
+   // vorbis_version
+   if (get32(f) != 0)                               return error(f, VORBIS_invalid_first_page);
+   f->channels = get8(f); if (!f->channels)         return error(f, VORBIS_invalid_first_page);
+   if (f->channels > STB_VORBIS_MAX_CHANNELS)       return error(f, VORBIS_too_many_channels);
+   f->sample_rate = get32(f); if (!f->sample_rate)  return error(f, VORBIS_invalid_first_page);
+   get32(f); // bitrate_maximum
+   get32(f); // bitrate_nominal
+   get32(f); // bitrate_minimum
+   x = get8(f);
+   {
+      int log0,log1;
+      log0 = x & 15;
+      log1 = x >> 4;
+      f->blocksize_0 = 1 << log0;
+      f->blocksize_1 = 1 << log1;
+      if (log0 < 6 || log0 > 13)                       return error(f, VORBIS_invalid_setup);
+      if (log1 < 6 || log1 > 13)                       return error(f, VORBIS_invalid_setup);
+      if (log0 > log1)                                 return error(f, VORBIS_invalid_setup);
+   }
+
+   // framing_flag
+   x = get8(f);
+   if (!(x & 1))                                    return error(f, VORBIS_invalid_first_page);
+
+   // second packet!
+   if (!start_page(f))                              return FALSE;
+
+   if (!start_packet(f))                            return FALSE;
+
+   if (!next_segment(f))                            return FALSE;
+
+   if (get8_packet(f) != VORBIS_packet_comment)            return error(f, VORBIS_invalid_setup);
+   for (i=0; i < 6; ++i) header[i] = get8_packet(f);
+   if (!vorbis_validate(header))                    return error(f, VORBIS_invalid_setup);
+   //file vendor
+   len = get32_packet(f);
+   f->vendor = (char*)setup_malloc(f, sizeof(char) * (len+1));
+   if (f->vendor == NULL)                           return error(f, VORBIS_outofmem);
+   for(i=0; i < len; ++i) {
+      f->vendor[i] = get8_packet(f);
+   }
+   f->vendor[len] = (char)'\0';
+   //user comments
+   f->comment_list_length = get32_packet(f);
+   f->comment_list = NULL;
+   if (f->comment_list_length > 0)
+   {
+      f->comment_list = (char**) setup_malloc(f, sizeof(char*) * (f->comment_list_length));
+      if (f->comment_list == NULL)                  return error(f, VORBIS_outofmem);
+   }
+
+   for(i=0; i < f->comment_list_length; ++i) {
+      len = get32_packet(f);
+      f->comment_list[i] = (char*)setup_malloc(f, sizeof(char) * (len+1));
+      if (f->comment_list[i] == NULL)               return error(f, VORBIS_outofmem);
+
+      for(j=0; j < len; ++j) {
+         f->comment_list[i][j] = get8_packet(f);
+      }
+      f->comment_list[i][len] = (char)'\0';
+   }
+
+   // framing_flag
+   x = get8_packet(f);
+   if (!(x & 1))                                    return error(f, VORBIS_invalid_setup);
+
+
+   skip(f, f->bytes_in_seg);
+   f->bytes_in_seg = 0;
+
+   do {
+      len = next_segment(f);
+      skip(f, len);
+      f->bytes_in_seg = 0;
+   } while (len);
+
+   // third packet!
+   if (!start_packet(f))                            return FALSE;
+
+   #ifndef STB_VORBIS_NO_PUSHDATA_API
+   if (IS_PUSH_MODE(f)) {
+      if (!is_whole_packet_present(f)) {
+         // convert error in ogg header to write type
+         if (f->error == VORBIS_invalid_stream)
+            f->error = VORBIS_invalid_setup;
+         return FALSE;
+      }
+   }
+   #endif
+
+   crc32_init(); // always init it, to avoid multithread race conditions
+
+   if (get8_packet(f) != VORBIS_packet_setup)       return error(f, VORBIS_invalid_setup);
+   for (i=0; i < 6; ++i) header[i] = get8_packet(f);
+   if (!vorbis_validate(header))                    return error(f, VORBIS_invalid_setup);
+
+   // codebooks
+
+   f->codebook_count = get_bits(f,8) + 1;
+   f->codebooks = (Codebook *) setup_malloc(f, sizeof(*f->codebooks) * f->codebook_count);
+   if (f->codebooks == NULL)                        return error(f, VORBIS_outofmem);
+   memset(f->codebooks, 0, sizeof(*f->codebooks) * f->codebook_count);
+   for (i=0; i < f->codebook_count; ++i) {
+      uint32 *values;
+      int ordered, sorted_count;
+      int total=0;
+      uint8 *lengths;
+      Codebook *c = f->codebooks+i;
+      CHECK(f);
+      x = get_bits(f, 8); if (x != 0x42)            return error(f, VORBIS_invalid_setup);
+      x = get_bits(f, 8); if (x != 0x43)            return error(f, VORBIS_invalid_setup);
+      x = get_bits(f, 8); if (x != 0x56)            return error(f, VORBIS_invalid_setup);
+      x = get_bits(f, 8);
+      c->dimensions = (get_bits(f, 8)<<8) + x;
+      x = get_bits(f, 8);
+      y = get_bits(f, 8);
+      c->entries = (get_bits(f, 8)<<16) + (y<<8) + x;
+      ordered = get_bits(f,1);
+      c->sparse = ordered ? 0 : get_bits(f,1);
+
+      if (c->dimensions == 0 && c->entries != 0)    return error(f, VORBIS_invalid_setup);
+
+      if (c->sparse)
+         lengths = (uint8 *) setup_temp_malloc(f, c->entries);
+      else
+         lengths = c->codeword_lengths = (uint8 *) setup_malloc(f, c->entries);
+
+      if (!lengths) return error(f, VORBIS_outofmem);
+
+      if (ordered) {
+         int current_entry = 0;
+         int current_length = get_bits(f,5) + 1;
+         while (current_entry < c->entries) {
+            int limit = c->entries - current_entry;
+            int n = get_bits(f, ilog(limit));
+            if (current_length >= 32) return error(f, VORBIS_invalid_setup);
+            if (current_entry + n > (int) c->entries) { return error(f, VORBIS_invalid_setup); }
+            memset(lengths + current_entry, current_length, n);
+            current_entry += n;
+            ++current_length;
+         }
+      } else {
+         for (j=0; j < c->entries; ++j) {
+            int present = c->sparse ? get_bits(f,1) : 1;
+            if (present) {
+               lengths[j] = get_bits(f, 5) + 1;
+               ++total;
+               if (lengths[j] == 32)
+                  return error(f, VORBIS_invalid_setup);
+            } else {
+               lengths[j] = NO_CODE;
+            }
+         }
+      }
+
+      if (c->sparse && total >= c->entries >> 2) {
+         // convert sparse items to non-sparse!
+         if (c->entries > (int) f->setup_temp_memory_required)
+            f->setup_temp_memory_required = c->entries;
+
+         c->codeword_lengths = (uint8 *) setup_malloc(f, c->entries);
+         if (c->codeword_lengths == NULL) return error(f, VORBIS_outofmem);
+         memcpy(c->codeword_lengths, lengths, c->entries);
+         setup_temp_free(f, lengths, c->entries); // note this is only safe if there have been no intervening temp mallocs!
+         lengths = c->codeword_lengths;
+         c->sparse = 0;
+      }
+
+      // compute the size of the sorted tables
+      if (c->sparse) {
+         sorted_count = total;
+      } else {
+         sorted_count = 0;
+         #ifndef STB_VORBIS_NO_HUFFMAN_BINARY_SEARCH
+         for (j=0; j < c->entries; ++j)
+            if (lengths[j] > STB_VORBIS_FAST_HUFFMAN_LENGTH && lengths[j] != NO_CODE)
+               ++sorted_count;
+         #endif
+      }
+
+      c->sorted_entries = sorted_count;
+      values = NULL;
+
+      CHECK(f);
+      if (!c->sparse) {
+         c->codewords = (uint32 *) setup_malloc(f, sizeof(c->codewords[0]) * c->entries);
+         if (!c->codewords)                  return error(f, VORBIS_outofmem);
+      } else {
+         unsigned int size;
+         if (c->sorted_entries) {
+            c->codeword_lengths = (uint8 *) setup_malloc(f, c->sorted_entries);
+            if (!c->codeword_lengths)           return error(f, VORBIS_outofmem);
+            c->codewords = (uint32 *) setup_temp_malloc(f, sizeof(*c->codewords) * c->sorted_entries);
+            if (!c->codewords)                  return error(f, VORBIS_outofmem);
+            values = (uint32 *) setup_temp_malloc(f, sizeof(*values) * c->sorted_entries);
+            if (!values)                        return error(f, VORBIS_outofmem);
+         }
+         size = c->entries + (sizeof(*c->codewords) + sizeof(*values)) * c->sorted_entries;
+         if (size > f->setup_temp_memory_required)
+            f->setup_temp_memory_required = size;
+      }
+
+      if (!compute_codewords(c, lengths, c->entries, values)) {
+         if (c->sparse) setup_temp_free(f, values, 0);
+         return error(f, VORBIS_invalid_setup);
+      }
+
+      if (c->sorted_entries) {
+         // allocate an extra slot for sentinels
+         c->sorted_codewords = (uint32 *) setup_malloc(f, sizeof(*c->sorted_codewords) * (c->sorted_entries+1));
+         if (c->sorted_codewords == NULL) return error(f, VORBIS_outofmem);
+         // allocate an extra slot at the front so that c->sorted_values[-1] is defined
+         // so that we can catch that case without an extra if
+         c->sorted_values    = ( int   *) setup_malloc(f, sizeof(*c->sorted_values   ) * (c->sorted_entries+1));
+         if (c->sorted_values == NULL) return error(f, VORBIS_outofmem);
+         ++c->sorted_values;
+         c->sorted_values[-1] = -1;
+         compute_sorted_huffman(c, lengths, values);
+      }
+
+      if (c->sparse) {
+         setup_temp_free(f, values, sizeof(*values)*c->sorted_entries);
+         setup_temp_free(f, c->codewords, sizeof(*c->codewords)*c->sorted_entries);
+         setup_temp_free(f, lengths, c->entries);
+         c->codewords = NULL;
+      }
+
+      compute_accelerated_huffman(c);
+
+      CHECK(f);
+      c->lookup_type = get_bits(f, 4);
+      if (c->lookup_type > 2) return error(f, VORBIS_invalid_setup);
+      if (c->lookup_type > 0) {
+         uint16 *mults;
+         c->minimum_value = float32_unpack(get_bits(f, 32));
+         c->delta_value = float32_unpack(get_bits(f, 32));
+         c->value_bits = get_bits(f, 4)+1;
+         c->sequence_p = get_bits(f,1);
+         if (c->lookup_type == 1) {
+            int values = lookup1_values(c->entries, c->dimensions);
+            if (values < 0) return error(f, VORBIS_invalid_setup);
+            c->lookup_values = (uint32) values;
+         } else {
+            c->lookup_values = c->entries * c->dimensions;
+         }
+         if (c->lookup_values == 0) return error(f, VORBIS_invalid_setup);
+         mults = (uint16 *) setup_temp_malloc(f, sizeof(mults[0]) * c->lookup_values);
+         if (mults == NULL) return error(f, VORBIS_outofmem);
+         for (j=0; j < (int) c->lookup_values; ++j) {
+            int q = get_bits(f, c->value_bits);
+            if (q == EOP) { setup_temp_free(f,mults,sizeof(mults[0])*c->lookup_values); return error(f, VORBIS_invalid_setup); }
+            mults[j] = q;
+         }
+
+#ifndef STB_VORBIS_DIVIDES_IN_CODEBOOK
+         if (c->lookup_type == 1) {
+            int len, sparse = c->sparse;
+            float last=0;
+            // pre-expand the lookup1-style multiplicands, to avoid a divide in the inner loop
+            if (sparse) {
+               if (c->sorted_entries == 0) goto skip;
+               c->multiplicands = (codetype *) setup_malloc(f, sizeof(c->multiplicands[0]) * c->sorted_entries * c->dimensions);
+            } else
+               c->multiplicands = (codetype *) setup_malloc(f, sizeof(c->multiplicands[0]) * c->entries        * c->dimensions);
+            if (c->multiplicands == NULL) { setup_temp_free(f,mults,sizeof(mults[0])*c->lookup_values); return error(f, VORBIS_outofmem); }
+            len = sparse ? c->sorted_entries : c->entries;
+            for (j=0; j < len; ++j) {
+               unsigned int z = sparse ? c->sorted_values[j] : j;
+               unsigned int div=1;
+               for (k=0; k < c->dimensions; ++k) {
+                  int off = (z / div) % c->lookup_values;
+                  float val = mults[off]*c->delta_value + c->minimum_value + last;
+                  c->multiplicands[j*c->dimensions + k] = val;
+                  if (c->sequence_p)
+                     last = val;
+                  if (k+1 < c->dimensions) {
+                     if (div > UINT_MAX / (unsigned int) c->lookup_values) {
+                        setup_temp_free(f, mults,sizeof(mults[0])*c->lookup_values);
+                        return error(f, VORBIS_invalid_setup);
+                     }
+                     div *= c->lookup_values;
+                  }
+               }
+            }
+            c->lookup_type = 2;
+         }
+         else
+#endif
+         {
+            float last=0;
+            CHECK(f);
+            c->multiplicands = (codetype *) setup_malloc(f, sizeof(c->multiplicands[0]) * c->lookup_values);
+            if (c->multiplicands == NULL) { setup_temp_free(f, mults,sizeof(mults[0])*c->lookup_values); return error(f, VORBIS_outofmem); }
+            for (j=0; j < (int) c->lookup_values; ++j) {
+               float val = mults[j] * c->delta_value + c->minimum_value + last;
+               c->multiplicands[j] = val;
+               if (c->sequence_p)
+                  last = val;
+            }
+         }
+#ifndef STB_VORBIS_DIVIDES_IN_CODEBOOK
+        skip:;
+#endif
+         setup_temp_free(f, mults, sizeof(mults[0])*c->lookup_values);
+
+         CHECK(f);
+      }
+      CHECK(f);
+   }
+
+   // time domain transfers (notused)
+
+   x = get_bits(f, 6) + 1;
+   for (i=0; i < x; ++i) {
+      uint32 z = get_bits(f, 16);
+      if (z != 0) return error(f, VORBIS_invalid_setup);
+   }
+
+   // Floors
+   f->floor_count = get_bits(f, 6)+1;
+   f->floor_config = (Floor *)  setup_malloc(f, f->floor_count * sizeof(*f->floor_config));
+   if (f->floor_config == NULL) return error(f, VORBIS_outofmem);
+   for (i=0; i < f->floor_count; ++i) {
+      f->floor_types[i] = get_bits(f, 16);
+      if (f->floor_types[i] > 1) return error(f, VORBIS_invalid_setup);
+      if (f->floor_types[i] == 0) {
+         Floor0 *g = &f->floor_config[i].floor0;
+         g->order = get_bits(f,8);
+         g->rate = get_bits(f,16);
+         g->bark_map_size = get_bits(f,16);
+         g->amplitude_bits = get_bits(f,6);
+         g->amplitude_offset = get_bits(f,8);
+         g->number_of_books = get_bits(f,4) + 1;
+         for (j=0; j < g->number_of_books; ++j)
+            g->book_list[j] = get_bits(f,8);
+         return error(f, VORBIS_feature_not_supported);
+      } else {
+         stbv__floor_ordering p[31*8+2];
+         Floor1 *g = &f->floor_config[i].floor1;
+         int max_class = -1;
+         g->partitions = get_bits(f, 5);
+         for (j=0; j < g->partitions; ++j) {
+            g->partition_class_list[j] = get_bits(f, 4);
+            if (g->partition_class_list[j] > max_class)
+               max_class = g->partition_class_list[j];
+         }
+         for (j=0; j <= max_class; ++j) {
+            g->class_dimensions[j] = get_bits(f, 3)+1;
+            g->class_subclasses[j] = get_bits(f, 2);
+            if (g->class_subclasses[j]) {
+               g->class_masterbooks[j] = get_bits(f, 8);
+               if (g->class_masterbooks[j] >= f->codebook_count) return error(f, VORBIS_invalid_setup);
+            }
+            for (k=0; k < 1 << g->class_subclasses[j]; ++k) {
+               g->subclass_books[j][k] = (int16)get_bits(f,8)-1;
+               if (g->subclass_books[j][k] >= f->codebook_count) return error(f, VORBIS_invalid_setup);
+            }
+         }
+         g->floor1_multiplier = get_bits(f,2)+1;
+         g->rangebits = get_bits(f,4);
+         g->Xlist[0] = 0;
+         g->Xlist[1] = 1 << g->rangebits;
+         g->values = 2;
+         for (j=0; j < g->partitions; ++j) {
+            int c = g->partition_class_list[j];
+            for (k=0; k < g->class_dimensions[c]; ++k) {
+               g->Xlist[g->values] = get_bits(f, g->rangebits);
+               ++g->values;
+            }
+         }
+         // precompute the sorting
+         for (j=0; j < g->values; ++j) {
+            p[j].x = g->Xlist[j];
+            p[j].id = j;
+         }
+         qsort(p, g->values, sizeof(p[0]), point_compare);
+         for (j=0; j < g->values-1; ++j)
+            if (p[j].x == p[j+1].x)
+               return error(f, VORBIS_invalid_setup);
+         for (j=0; j < g->values; ++j)
+            g->sorted_order[j] = (uint8) p[j].id;
+         // precompute the neighbors
+         for (j=2; j < g->values; ++j) {
+            int low = 0,hi = 0;
+            neighbors(g->Xlist, j, &low,&hi);
+            g->neighbors[j][0] = low;
+            g->neighbors[j][1] = hi;
+         }
+
+         if (g->values > longest_floorlist)
+            longest_floorlist = g->values;
+      }
+   }
+
+   // Residue
+   f->residue_count = get_bits(f, 6)+1;
+   f->residue_config = (Residue *) setup_malloc(f, f->residue_count * sizeof(f->residue_config[0]));
+   if (f->residue_config == NULL) return error(f, VORBIS_outofmem);
+   memset(f->residue_config, 0, f->residue_count * sizeof(f->residue_config[0]));
+   for (i=0; i < f->residue_count; ++i) {
+      uint8 residue_cascade[64];
+      Residue *r = f->residue_config+i;
+      f->residue_types[i] = get_bits(f, 16);
+      if (f->residue_types[i] > 2) return error(f, VORBIS_invalid_setup);
+      r->begin = get_bits(f, 24);
+      r->end = get_bits(f, 24);
+      if (r->end < r->begin) return error(f, VORBIS_invalid_setup);
+      r->part_size = get_bits(f,24)+1;
+      r->classifications = get_bits(f,6)+1;
+      r->classbook = get_bits(f,8);
+      if (r->classbook >= f->codebook_count) return error(f, VORBIS_invalid_setup);
+      for (j=0; j < r->classifications; ++j) {
+         uint8 high_bits=0;
+         uint8 low_bits=get_bits(f,3);
+         if (get_bits(f,1))
+            high_bits = get_bits(f,5);
+         residue_cascade[j] = high_bits*8 + low_bits;
+      }
+      r->residue_books = (short (*)[8]) setup_malloc(f, sizeof(r->residue_books[0]) * r->classifications);
+      if (r->residue_books == NULL) return error(f, VORBIS_outofmem);
+      for (j=0; j < r->classifications; ++j) {
+         for (k=0; k < 8; ++k) {
+            if (residue_cascade[j] & (1 << k)) {
+               r->residue_books[j][k] = get_bits(f, 8);
+               if (r->residue_books[j][k] >= f->codebook_count) return error(f, VORBIS_invalid_setup);
+            } else {
+               r->residue_books[j][k] = -1;
+            }
+         }
+      }
+      // precompute the classifications[] array to avoid inner-loop mod/divide
+      // call it 'classdata' since we already have r->classifications
+      r->classdata = (uint8 **) setup_malloc(f, sizeof(*r->classdata) * f->codebooks[r->classbook].entries);
+      if (!r->classdata) return error(f, VORBIS_outofmem);
+      memset(r->classdata, 0, sizeof(*r->classdata) * f->codebooks[r->classbook].entries);
+      for (j=0; j < f->codebooks[r->classbook].entries; ++j) {
+         int classwords = f->codebooks[r->classbook].dimensions;
+         int temp = j;
+         r->classdata[j] = (uint8 *) setup_malloc(f, sizeof(r->classdata[j][0]) * classwords);
+         if (r->classdata[j] == NULL) return error(f, VORBIS_outofmem);
+         for (k=classwords-1; k >= 0; --k) {
+            r->classdata[j][k] = temp % r->classifications;
+            temp /= r->classifications;
+         }
+      }
+   }
+
+   f->mapping_count = get_bits(f,6)+1;
+   f->mapping = (Mapping *) setup_malloc(f, f->mapping_count * sizeof(*f->mapping));
+   if (f->mapping == NULL) return error(f, VORBIS_outofmem);
+   memset(f->mapping, 0, f->mapping_count * sizeof(*f->mapping));
+   for (i=0; i < f->mapping_count; ++i) {
+      Mapping *m = f->mapping + i;
+      int mapping_type = get_bits(f,16);
+      if (mapping_type != 0) return error(f, VORBIS_invalid_setup);
+      m->chan = (MappingChannel *) setup_malloc(f, f->channels * sizeof(*m->chan));
+      if (m->chan == NULL) return error(f, VORBIS_outofmem);
+      if (get_bits(f,1))
+         m->submaps = get_bits(f,4)+1;
+      else
+         m->submaps = 1;
+      if (m->submaps > max_submaps)
+         max_submaps = m->submaps;
+      if (get_bits(f,1)) {
+         m->coupling_steps = get_bits(f,8)+1;
+         if (m->coupling_steps > f->channels) return error(f, VORBIS_invalid_setup);
+         for (k=0; k < m->coupling_steps; ++k) {
+            m->chan[k].magnitude = get_bits(f, ilog(f->channels-1));
+            m->chan[k].angle = get_bits(f, ilog(f->channels-1));
+            if (m->chan[k].magnitude >= f->channels)        return error(f, VORBIS_invalid_setup);
+            if (m->chan[k].angle     >= f->channels)        return error(f, VORBIS_invalid_setup);
+            if (m->chan[k].magnitude == m->chan[k].angle)   return error(f, VORBIS_invalid_setup);
+         }
+      } else
+         m->coupling_steps = 0;
+
+      // reserved field
+      if (get_bits(f,2)) return error(f, VORBIS_invalid_setup);
+      if (m->submaps > 1) {
+         for (j=0; j < f->channels; ++j) {
+            m->chan[j].mux = get_bits(f, 4);
+            if (m->chan[j].mux >= m->submaps)                return error(f, VORBIS_invalid_setup);
+         }
+      } else
+         // @SPECIFICATION: this case is missing from the spec
+         for (j=0; j < f->channels; ++j)
+            m->chan[j].mux = 0;
+
+      for (j=0; j < m->submaps; ++j) {
+         get_bits(f,8); // discard
+         m->submap_floor[j] = get_bits(f,8);
+         m->submap_residue[j] = get_bits(f,8);
+         if (m->submap_floor[j] >= f->floor_count)      return error(f, VORBIS_invalid_setup);
+         if (m->submap_residue[j] >= f->residue_count)  return error(f, VORBIS_invalid_setup);
+      }
+   }
+
+   // Modes
+   f->mode_count = get_bits(f, 6)+1;
+   for (i=0; i < f->mode_count; ++i) {
+      Mode *m = f->mode_config+i;
+      m->blockflag = get_bits(f,1);
+      m->windowtype = get_bits(f,16);
+      m->transformtype = get_bits(f,16);
+      m->mapping = get_bits(f,8);
+      if (m->windowtype != 0)                 return error(f, VORBIS_invalid_setup);
+      if (m->transformtype != 0)              return error(f, VORBIS_invalid_setup);
+      if (m->mapping >= f->mapping_count)     return error(f, VORBIS_invalid_setup);
+   }
+
+   flush_packet(f);
+
+   f->previous_length = 0;
+
+   for (i=0; i < f->channels; ++i) {
+      f->channel_buffers[i] = (float *) setup_malloc(f, sizeof(float) * f->blocksize_1);
+      f->previous_window[i] = (float *) setup_malloc(f, sizeof(float) * f->blocksize_1/2);
+      f->finalY[i]          = (int16 *) setup_malloc(f, sizeof(int16) * longest_floorlist);
+      if (f->channel_buffers[i] == NULL || f->previous_window[i] == NULL || f->finalY[i] == NULL) return error(f, VORBIS_outofmem);
+      memset(f->channel_buffers[i], 0, sizeof(float) * f->blocksize_1);
+      #ifdef STB_VORBIS_NO_DEFER_FLOOR
+      f->floor_buffers[i]   = (float *) setup_malloc(f, sizeof(float) * f->blocksize_1/2);
+      if (f->floor_buffers[i] == NULL) return error(f, VORBIS_outofmem);
+      #endif
+   }
+
+   if (!init_blocksize(f, 0, f->blocksize_0)) return FALSE;
+   if (!init_blocksize(f, 1, f->blocksize_1)) return FALSE;
+   f->blocksize[0] = f->blocksize_0;
+   f->blocksize[1] = f->blocksize_1;
+
+#ifdef STB_VORBIS_DIVIDE_TABLE
+   if (integer_divide_table[1][1]==0)
+      for (i=0; i < DIVTAB_NUMER; ++i)
+         for (j=1; j < DIVTAB_DENOM; ++j)
+            integer_divide_table[i][j] = i / j;
+#endif
+
+   // compute how much temporary memory is needed
+
+   // 1.
+   {
+      uint32 imdct_mem = (f->blocksize_1 * sizeof(float) >> 1);
+      uint32 classify_mem;
+      int i,max_part_read=0;
+      for (i=0; i < f->residue_count; ++i) {
+         Residue *r = f->residue_config + i;
+         unsigned int actual_size = f->blocksize_1 / 2;
+         unsigned int limit_r_begin = r->begin < actual_size ? r->begin : actual_size;
+         unsigned int limit_r_end   = r->end   < actual_size ? r->end   : actual_size;
+         int n_read = limit_r_end - limit_r_begin;
+         int part_read = n_read / r->part_size;
+         if (part_read > max_part_read)
+            max_part_read = part_read;
+      }
+      #ifndef STB_VORBIS_DIVIDES_IN_RESIDUE
+      classify_mem = f->channels * (sizeof(void*) + max_part_read * sizeof(uint8 *));
+      #else
+      classify_mem = f->channels * (sizeof(void*) + max_part_read * sizeof(int *));
+      #endif
+
+      // maximum reasonable partition size is f->blocksize_1
+
+      f->temp_memory_required = classify_mem;
+      if (imdct_mem > f->temp_memory_required)
+         f->temp_memory_required = imdct_mem;
+   }
+
+
+   if (f->alloc.alloc_buffer) {
+      assert(f->temp_offset == f->alloc.alloc_buffer_length_in_bytes);
+      // check if there's enough temp memory so we don't error later
+      if (f->setup_offset + sizeof(*f) + f->temp_memory_required > (unsigned) f->temp_offset)
+         return error(f, VORBIS_outofmem);
+   }
+
+   // @TODO: stb_vorbis_seek_start expects first_audio_page_offset to point to a page
+   // without PAGEFLAG_continued_packet, so this either points to the first page, or
+   // the page after the end of the headers. It might be cleaner to point to a page
+   // in the middle of the headers, when that's the page where the first audio packet
+   // starts, but we'd have to also correctly skip the end of any continued packet in
+   // stb_vorbis_seek_start.
+   if (f->next_seg == -1) {
+      f->first_audio_page_offset = stb_vorbis_get_file_offset(f);
+   } else {
+      f->first_audio_page_offset = 0;
+   }
+
+   return TRUE;
+}
+
+static void vorbis_deinit(stb_vorbis *p)
+{
+   int i,j;
+
+   setup_free(p, p->vendor);
+   for (i=0; i < p->comment_list_length; ++i) {
+      setup_free(p, p->comment_list[i]);
+   }
+   setup_free(p, p->comment_list);
+
+   if (p->residue_config) {
+      for (i=0; i < p->residue_count; ++i) {
+         Residue *r = p->residue_config+i;
+         if (r->classdata) {
+            for (j=0; j < p->codebooks[r->classbook].entries; ++j)
+               setup_free(p, r->classdata[j]);
+            setup_free(p, r->classdata);
+         }
+         setup_free(p, r->residue_books);
+      }
+   }
+
+   if (p->codebooks) {
+      CHECK(p);
+      for (i=0; i < p->codebook_count; ++i) {
+         Codebook *c = p->codebooks + i;
+         setup_free(p, c->codeword_lengths);
+         setup_free(p, c->multiplicands);
+         setup_free(p, c->codewords);
+         setup_free(p, c->sorted_codewords);
+         // c->sorted_values[-1] is the first entry in the array
+         setup_free(p, c->sorted_values ? c->sorted_values-1 : NULL);
+      }
+      setup_free(p, p->codebooks);
+   }
+   setup_free(p, p->floor_config);
+   setup_free(p, p->residue_config);
+   if (p->mapping) {
+      for (i=0; i < p->mapping_count; ++i)
+         setup_free(p, p->mapping[i].chan);
+      setup_free(p, p->mapping);
+   }
+   CHECK(p);
+   for (i=0; i < p->channels && i < STB_VORBIS_MAX_CHANNELS; ++i) {
+      setup_free(p, p->channel_buffers[i]);
+      setup_free(p, p->previous_window[i]);
+      #ifdef STB_VORBIS_NO_DEFER_FLOOR
+      setup_free(p, p->floor_buffers[i]);
+      #endif
+      setup_free(p, p->finalY[i]);
+   }
+   for (i=0; i < 2; ++i) {
+      setup_free(p, p->A[i]);
+      setup_free(p, p->B[i]);
+      setup_free(p, p->C[i]);
+      setup_free(p, p->window[i]);
+      setup_free(p, p->bit_reverse[i]);
+   }
+   #ifndef STB_VORBIS_NO_STDIO
+   if (p->close_on_free) fclose(p->f);
+   #endif
+}
+
+void stb_vorbis_close(stb_vorbis *p)
+{
+   if (p == NULL) return;
+   vorbis_deinit(p);
+   setup_free(p,p);
+}
+
+static void vorbis_init(stb_vorbis *p, const stb_vorbis_alloc *z)
+{
+   memset(p, 0, sizeof(*p)); // NULL out all malloc'd pointers to start
+   if (z) {
+      p->alloc = *z;
+      p->alloc.alloc_buffer_length_in_bytes &= ~7;
+      p->temp_offset = p->alloc.alloc_buffer_length_in_bytes;
+   }
+   p->eof = 0;
+   p->error = VORBIS__no_error;
+   p->stream = NULL;
+   p->codebooks = NULL;
+   p->page_crc_tests = -1;
+   #ifndef STB_VORBIS_NO_STDIO
+   p->close_on_free = FALSE;
+   p->f = NULL;
+   #endif
+}
+
+int stb_vorbis_get_sample_offset(stb_vorbis *f)
+{
+   if (f->current_loc_valid)
+      return f->current_loc;
+   else
+      return -1;
+}
+
+stb_vorbis_info stb_vorbis_get_info(stb_vorbis *f)
+{
+   stb_vorbis_info d;
+   d.channels = f->channels;
+   d.sample_rate = f->sample_rate;
+   d.setup_memory_required = f->setup_memory_required;
+   d.setup_temp_memory_required = f->setup_temp_memory_required;
+   d.temp_memory_required = f->temp_memory_required;
+   d.max_frame_size = f->blocksize_1 >> 1;
+   return d;
+}
+
+stb_vorbis_comment stb_vorbis_get_comment(stb_vorbis *f)
+{
+   stb_vorbis_comment d;
+   d.vendor = f->vendor;
+   d.comment_list_length = f->comment_list_length;
+   d.comment_list = f->comment_list;
+   return d;
+}
+
+int stb_vorbis_get_error(stb_vorbis *f)
+{
+   int e = f->error;
+   f->error = VORBIS__no_error;
+   return e;
+}
+
+static stb_vorbis * vorbis_alloc(stb_vorbis *f)
+{
+   stb_vorbis *p = (stb_vorbis *) setup_malloc(f, sizeof(*p));
+   return p;
+}
+
+#ifndef STB_VORBIS_NO_PUSHDATA_API
+
+void stb_vorbis_flush_pushdata(stb_vorbis *f)
+{
+   f->previous_length = 0;
+   f->page_crc_tests  = 0;
+   f->discard_samples_deferred = 0;
+   f->current_loc_valid = FALSE;
+   f->first_decode = FALSE;
+   f->samples_output = 0;
+   f->channel_buffer_start = 0;
+   f->channel_buffer_end = 0;
+}
+
+static int vorbis_search_for_page_pushdata(vorb *f, uint8 *data, int data_len)
+{
+   int i,n;
+   for (i=0; i < f->page_crc_tests; ++i)
+      f->scan[i].bytes_done = 0;
+
+   // if we have room for more scans, search for them first, because
+   // they may cause us to stop early if their header is incomplete
+   if (f->page_crc_tests < STB_VORBIS_PUSHDATA_CRC_COUNT) {
+      if (data_len < 4) return 0;
+      data_len -= 3; // need to look for 4-byte sequence, so don't miss
+                     // one that straddles a boundary
+      for (i=0; i < data_len; ++i) {
+         if (data[i] == 0x4f) {
+            if (0==memcmp(data+i, ogg_page_header, 4)) {
+               int j,len;
+               uint32 crc;
+               // make sure we have the whole page header
+               if (i+26 >= data_len || i+27+data[i+26] >= data_len) {
+                  // only read up to this page start, so hopefully we'll
+                  // have the whole page header start next time
+                  data_len = i;
+                  break;
+               }
+               // ok, we have it all; compute the length of the page
+               len = 27 + data[i+26];
+               for (j=0; j < data[i+26]; ++j)
+                  len += data[i+27+j];
+               // scan everything up to the embedded crc (which we must 0)
+               crc = 0;
+               for (j=0; j < 22; ++j)
+                  crc = crc32_update(crc, data[i+j]);
+               // now process 4 0-bytes
+               for (   ; j < 26; ++j)
+                  crc = crc32_update(crc, 0);
+               // len is the total number of bytes we need to scan
+               n = f->page_crc_tests++;
+               f->scan[n].bytes_left = len-j;
+               f->scan[n].crc_so_far = crc;
+               f->scan[n].goal_crc = data[i+22] + (data[i+23] << 8) + (data[i+24]<<16) + (data[i+25]<<24);
+               // if the last frame on a page is continued to the next, then
+               // we can't recover the sample_loc immediately
+               if (data[i+27+data[i+26]-1] == 255)
+                  f->scan[n].sample_loc = ~0;
+               else
+                  f->scan[n].sample_loc = data[i+6] + (data[i+7] << 8) + (data[i+ 8]<<16) + (data[i+ 9]<<24);
+               f->scan[n].bytes_done = i+j;
+               if (f->page_crc_tests == STB_VORBIS_PUSHDATA_CRC_COUNT)
+                  break;
+               // keep going if we still have room for more
+            }
+         }
+      }
+   }
+
+   for (i=0; i < f->page_crc_tests;) {
+      uint32 crc;
+      int j;
+      int n = f->scan[i].bytes_done;
+      int m = f->scan[i].bytes_left;
+      if (m > data_len - n) m = data_len - n;
+      // m is the bytes to scan in the current chunk
+      crc = f->scan[i].crc_so_far;
+      for (j=0; j < m; ++j)
+         crc = crc32_update(crc, data[n+j]);
+      f->scan[i].bytes_left -= m;
+      f->scan[i].crc_so_far = crc;
+      if (f->scan[i].bytes_left == 0) {
+         // does it match?
+         if (f->scan[i].crc_so_far == f->scan[i].goal_crc) {
+            // Houston, we have page
+            data_len = n+m; // consumption amount is wherever that scan ended
+            f->page_crc_tests = -1; // drop out of page scan mode
+            f->previous_length = 0; // decode-but-don't-output one frame
+            f->next_seg = -1;       // start a new page
+            f->current_loc = f->scan[i].sample_loc; // set the current sample location
+                                    // to the amount we'd have decoded had we decoded this page
+            f->current_loc_valid = f->current_loc != ~0U;
+            return data_len;
+         }
+         // delete entry
+         f->scan[i] = f->scan[--f->page_crc_tests];
+      } else {
+         ++i;
+      }
+   }
+
+   return data_len;
+}
+
+// return value: number of bytes we used
+int stb_vorbis_decode_frame_pushdata(
+         stb_vorbis *f,                   // the file we're decoding
+         const uint8 *data, int data_len, // the memory available for decoding
+         int *channels,                   // place to write number of float * buffers
+         float ***output,                 // place to write float ** array of float * buffers
+         int *samples                     // place to write number of output samples
+     )
+{
+   int i;
+   int len,right,left;
+
+   if (!IS_PUSH_MODE(f)) return error(f, VORBIS_invalid_api_mixing);
+
+   if (f->page_crc_tests >= 0) {
+      *samples = 0;
+      return vorbis_search_for_page_pushdata(f, (uint8 *) data, data_len);
+   }
+
+   f->stream     = (uint8 *) data;
+   f->stream_end = (uint8 *) data + data_len;
+   f->error      = VORBIS__no_error;
+
+   // check that we have the entire packet in memory
+   if (!is_whole_packet_present(f)) {
+      *samples = 0;
+      return 0;
+   }
+
+   if (!vorbis_decode_packet(f, &len, &left, &right)) {
+      // save the actual error we encountered
+      enum STBVorbisError error = f->error;
+      if (error == VORBIS_bad_packet_type) {
+         // flush and resynch
+         f->error = VORBIS__no_error;
+         while (get8_packet(f) != EOP)
+            if (f->eof) break;
+         *samples = 0;
+         return (int) (f->stream - data);
+      }
+      if (error == VORBIS_continued_packet_flag_invalid) {
+         if (f->previous_length == 0) {
+            // we may be resynching, in which case it's ok to hit one
+            // of these; just discard the packet
+            f->error = VORBIS__no_error;
+            while (get8_packet(f) != EOP)
+               if (f->eof) break;
+            *samples = 0;
+            return (int) (f->stream - data);
+         }
+      }
+      // if we get an error while parsing, what to do?
+      // well, it DEFINITELY won't work to continue from where we are!
+      stb_vorbis_flush_pushdata(f);
+      // restore the error that actually made us bail
+      f->error = error;
+      *samples = 0;
+      return 1;
+   }
+
+   // success!
+   len = vorbis_finish_frame(f, len, left, right);
+   for (i=0; i < f->channels; ++i)
+      f->outputs[i] = f->channel_buffers[i] + left;
+
+   if (channels) *channels = f->channels;
+   *samples = len;
+   *output = f->outputs;
+   return (int) (f->stream - data);
+}
+
+stb_vorbis *stb_vorbis_open_pushdata(
+         const unsigned char *data, int data_len, // the memory available for decoding
+         int *data_used,              // only defined if result is not NULL
+         int *error, const stb_vorbis_alloc *alloc)
+{
+   stb_vorbis *f, p;
+   vorbis_init(&p, alloc);
+   p.stream     = (uint8 *) data;
+   p.stream_end = (uint8 *) data + data_len;
+   p.push_mode  = TRUE;
+   if (!start_decoder(&p)) {
+      if (p.eof)
+         *error = VORBIS_need_more_data;
+      else
+         *error = p.error;
+      vorbis_deinit(&p);
+      return NULL;
+   }
+   f = vorbis_alloc(&p);
+   if (f) {
+      *f = p;
+      *data_used = (int) (f->stream - data);
+      *error = 0;
+      return f;
+   } else {
+      vorbis_deinit(&p);
+      return NULL;
+   }
+}
+#endif // STB_VORBIS_NO_PUSHDATA_API
+
+unsigned int stb_vorbis_get_file_offset(stb_vorbis *f)
+{
+   #ifndef STB_VORBIS_NO_PUSHDATA_API
+   if (f->push_mode) return 0;
+   #endif
+   if (USE_MEMORY(f)) return (unsigned int) (f->stream - f->stream_start);
+   #ifndef STB_VORBIS_NO_STDIO
+   return (unsigned int) (ftell(f->f) - f->f_start);
+   #endif
+}
+
+#ifndef STB_VORBIS_NO_PULLDATA_API
+//
+// DATA-PULLING API
+//
+
+static uint32 vorbis_find_page(stb_vorbis *f, uint32 *end, uint32 *last)
+{
+   for(;;) {
+      int n;
+      if (f->eof) return 0;
+      n = get8(f);
+      if (n == 0x4f) { // page header candidate
+         unsigned int retry_loc = stb_vorbis_get_file_offset(f);
+         int i;
+         // check if we're off the end of a file_section stream
+         if (retry_loc - 25 > f->stream_len)
+            return 0;
+         // check the rest of the header
+         for (i=1; i < 4; ++i)
+            if (get8(f) != ogg_page_header[i])
+               break;
+         if (f->eof) return 0;
+         if (i == 4) {
+            uint8 header[27];
+            uint32 i, crc, goal, len;
+            for (i=0; i < 4; ++i)
+               header[i] = ogg_page_header[i];
+            for (; i < 27; ++i)
+               header[i] = get8(f);
+            if (f->eof) return 0;
+            if (header[4] != 0) goto invalid;
+            goal = header[22] + (header[23] << 8) + (header[24]<<16) + ((uint32)header[25]<<24);
+            for (i=22; i < 26; ++i)
+               header[i] = 0;
+            crc = 0;
+            for (i=0; i < 27; ++i)
+               crc = crc32_update(crc, header[i]);
+            len = 0;
+            for (i=0; i < header[26]; ++i) {
+               int s = get8(f);
+               crc = crc32_update(crc, s);
+               len += s;
+            }
+            if (len && f->eof) return 0;
+            for (i=0; i < len; ++i)
+               crc = crc32_update(crc, get8(f));
+            // finished parsing probable page
+            if (crc == goal) {
+               // we could now check that it's either got the last
+               // page flag set, OR it's followed by the capture
+               // pattern, but I guess TECHNICALLY you could have
+               // a file with garbage between each ogg page and recover
+               // from it automatically? So even though that paranoia
+               // might decrease the chance of an invalid decode by
+               // another 2^32, not worth it since it would hose those
+               // invalid-but-useful files?
+               if (end)
+                  *end = stb_vorbis_get_file_offset(f);
+               if (last) {
+                  if (header[5] & 0x04)
+                     *last = 1;
+                  else
+                     *last = 0;
+               }
+               set_file_offset(f, retry_loc-1);
+               return 1;
+            }
+         }
+        invalid:
+         // not a valid page, so rewind and look for next one
+         set_file_offset(f, retry_loc);
+      }
+   }
+}
+
+
+#define SAMPLE_unknown  0xffffffff
+
+// seeking is implemented with a binary search, which narrows down the range to
+// 64K, before using a linear search (because finding the synchronization
+// pattern can be expensive, and the chance we'd find the end page again is
+// relatively high for small ranges)
+//
+// two initial interpolation-style probes are used at the start of the search
+// to try to bound either side of the binary search sensibly, while still
+// working in O(log n) time if they fail.
+
+static int get_seek_page_info(stb_vorbis *f, ProbedPage *z)
+{
+   uint8 header[27], lacing[255];
+   int i,len;
+
+   // record where the page starts
+   z->page_start = stb_vorbis_get_file_offset(f);
+
+   // parse the header
+   getn(f, header, 27);
+   if (header[0] != 'O' || header[1] != 'g' || header[2] != 'g' || header[3] != 'S')
+      return 0;
+   getn(f, lacing, header[26]);
+
+   // determine the length of the payload
+   len = 0;
+   for (i=0; i < header[26]; ++i)
+      len += lacing[i];
+
+   // this implies where the page ends
+   z->page_end = z->page_start + 27 + header[26] + len;
+
+   // read the last-decoded sample out of the data
+   z->last_decoded_sample = header[6] + (header[7] << 8) + (header[8] << 16) + (header[9] << 24);
+
+   // restore file state to where we were
+   set_file_offset(f, z->page_start);
+   return 1;
+}
+
+// rarely used function to seek back to the preceding page while finding the
+// start of a packet
+static int go_to_page_before(stb_vorbis *f, unsigned int limit_offset)
+{
+   unsigned int previous_safe, end;
+
+   // now we want to seek back 64K from the limit
+   if (limit_offset >= 65536 && limit_offset-65536 >= f->first_audio_page_offset)
+      previous_safe = limit_offset - 65536;
+   else
+      previous_safe = f->first_audio_page_offset;
+
+   set_file_offset(f, previous_safe);
+
+   while (vorbis_find_page(f, &end, NULL)) {
+      if (end >= limit_offset && stb_vorbis_get_file_offset(f) < limit_offset)
+         return 1;
+      set_file_offset(f, end);
+   }
+
+   return 0;
+}
+
+// implements the search logic for finding a page and starting decoding. if
+// the function succeeds, current_loc_valid will be true and current_loc will
+// be less than or equal to the provided sample number (the closer the
+// better).
+static int seek_to_sample_coarse(stb_vorbis *f, uint32 sample_number)
+{
+   ProbedPage left, right, mid;
+   int i, start_seg_with_known_loc, end_pos, page_start;
+   uint32 delta, stream_length, padding, last_sample_limit;
+   double offset = 0.0, bytes_per_sample = 0.0;
+   int probe = 0;
+
+   // find the last page and validate the target sample
+   stream_length = stb_vorbis_stream_length_in_samples(f);
+   if (stream_length == 0)            return error(f, VORBIS_seek_without_length);
+   if (sample_number > stream_length) return error(f, VORBIS_seek_invalid);
+
+   // this is the maximum difference between the window-center (which is the
+   // actual granule position value), and the right-start (which the spec
+   // indicates should be the granule position (give or take one)).
+   padding = ((f->blocksize_1 - f->blocksize_0) >> 2);
+   if (sample_number < padding)
+      last_sample_limit = 0;
+   else
+      last_sample_limit = sample_number - padding;
+
+   left = f->p_first;
+   while (left.last_decoded_sample == ~0U) {
+      // (untested) the first page does not have a 'last_decoded_sample'
+      set_file_offset(f, left.page_end);
+      if (!get_seek_page_info(f, &left)) goto error;
+   }
+
+   right = f->p_last;
+   assert(right.last_decoded_sample != ~0U);
+
+   // starting from the start is handled differently
+   if (last_sample_limit <= left.last_decoded_sample) {
+      if (stb_vorbis_seek_start(f)) {
+         if (f->current_loc > sample_number)
+            return error(f, VORBIS_seek_failed);
+         return 1;
+      }
+      return 0;
+   }
+
+   while (left.page_end != right.page_start) {
+      assert(left.page_end < right.page_start);
+      // search range in bytes
+      delta = right.page_start - left.page_end;
+      if (delta <= 65536) {
+         // there's only 64K left to search - handle it linearly
+         set_file_offset(f, left.page_end);
+      } else {
+         if (probe < 2) {
+            if (probe == 0) {
+               // first probe (interpolate)
+               double data_bytes = right.page_end - left.page_start;
+               bytes_per_sample = data_bytes / right.last_decoded_sample;
+               offset = left.page_start + bytes_per_sample * (last_sample_limit - left.last_decoded_sample);
+            } else {
+               // second probe (try to bound the other side)
+               double error = ((double) last_sample_limit - mid.last_decoded_sample) * bytes_per_sample;
+               if (error >= 0 && error <  8000) error =  8000;
+               if (error <  0 && error > -8000) error = -8000;
+               offset += error * 2;
+            }
+
+            // ensure the offset is valid
+            if (offset < left.page_end)
+               offset = left.page_end;
+            if (offset > right.page_start - 65536)
+               offset = right.page_start - 65536;
+
+            set_file_offset(f, (unsigned int) offset);
+         } else {
+            // binary search for large ranges (offset by 32K to ensure
+            // we don't hit the right page)
+            set_file_offset(f, left.page_end + (delta / 2) - 32768);
+         }
+
+         if (!vorbis_find_page(f, NULL, NULL)) goto error;
+      }
+
+      for (;;) {
+         if (!get_seek_page_info(f, &mid)) goto error;
+         if (mid.last_decoded_sample != ~0U) break;
+         // (untested) no frames end on this page
+         set_file_offset(f, mid.page_end);
+         assert(mid.page_start < right.page_start);
+      }
+
+      // if we've just found the last page again then we're in a tricky file,
+      // and we're close enough (if it wasn't an interpolation probe).
+      if (mid.page_start == right.page_start) {
+         if (probe >= 2 || delta <= 65536)
+            break;
+      } else {
+         if (last_sample_limit < mid.last_decoded_sample)
+            right = mid;
+         else
+            left = mid;
+      }
+
+      ++probe;
+   }
+
+   // seek back to start of the last packet
+   page_start = left.page_start;
+   set_file_offset(f, page_start);
+   if (!start_page(f)) return error(f, VORBIS_seek_failed);
+   end_pos = f->end_seg_with_known_loc;
+   assert(end_pos >= 0);
+
+   for (;;) {
+      for (i = end_pos; i > 0; --i)
+         if (f->segments[i-1] != 255)
+            break;
+
+      start_seg_with_known_loc = i;
+
+      if (start_seg_with_known_loc > 0 || !(f->page_flag & PAGEFLAG_continued_packet))
+         break;
+
+      // (untested) the final packet begins on an earlier page
+      if (!go_to_page_before(f, page_start))
+         goto error;
+
+      page_start = stb_vorbis_get_file_offset(f);
+      if (!start_page(f)) goto error;
+      end_pos = f->segment_count - 1;
+   }
+
+   // prepare to start decoding
+   f->current_loc_valid = FALSE;
+   f->last_seg = FALSE;
+   f->valid_bits = 0;
+   f->packet_bytes = 0;
+   f->bytes_in_seg = 0;
+   f->previous_length = 0;
+   f->next_seg = start_seg_with_known_loc;
+
+   for (i = 0; i < start_seg_with_known_loc; i++)
+      skip(f, f->segments[i]);
+
+   // start decoding (optimizable - this frame is generally discarded)
+   if (!vorbis_pump_first_frame(f))
+      return 0;
+   if (f->current_loc > sample_number)
+      return error(f, VORBIS_seek_failed);
+   return 1;
+
+error:
+   // try to restore the file to a valid state
+   stb_vorbis_seek_start(f);
+   return error(f, VORBIS_seek_failed);
+}
+
+// the same as vorbis_decode_initial, but without advancing
+static int peek_decode_initial(vorb *f, int *p_left_start, int *p_left_end, int *p_right_start, int *p_right_end, int *mode)
+{
+   int bits_read, bytes_read;
+
+   if (!vorbis_decode_initial(f, p_left_start, p_left_end, p_right_start, p_right_end, mode))
+      return 0;
+
+   // either 1 or 2 bytes were read, figure out which so we can rewind
+   bits_read = 1 + ilog(f->mode_count-1);
+   if (f->mode_config[*mode].blockflag)
+      bits_read += 2;
+   bytes_read = (bits_read + 7) / 8;
+
+   f->bytes_in_seg += bytes_read;
+   f->packet_bytes -= bytes_read;
+   skip(f, -bytes_read);
+   if (f->next_seg == -1)
+      f->next_seg = f->segment_count - 1;
+   else
+      f->next_seg--;
+   f->valid_bits = 0;
+
+   return 1;
+}
+
+int stb_vorbis_seek_frame(stb_vorbis *f, unsigned int sample_number)
+{
+   uint32 max_frame_samples;
+
+   if (IS_PUSH_MODE(f)) return error(f, VORBIS_invalid_api_mixing);
+
+   // fast page-level search
+   if (!seek_to_sample_coarse(f, sample_number))
+      return 0;
+
+   assert(f->current_loc_valid);
+   assert(f->current_loc <= sample_number);
+
+   // linear search for the relevant packet
+   max_frame_samples = (f->blocksize_1*3 - f->blocksize_0) >> 2;
+   while (f->current_loc < sample_number) {
+      int left_start, left_end, right_start, right_end, mode, frame_samples;
+      if (!peek_decode_initial(f, &left_start, &left_end, &right_start, &right_end, &mode))
+         return error(f, VORBIS_seek_failed);
+      // calculate the number of samples returned by the next frame
+      frame_samples = right_start - left_start;
+      if (f->current_loc + frame_samples > sample_number) {
+         return 1; // the next frame will contain the sample
+      } else if (f->current_loc + frame_samples + max_frame_samples > sample_number) {
+         // there's a chance the frame after this could contain the sample
+         vorbis_pump_first_frame(f);
+      } else {
+         // this frame is too early to be relevant
+         f->current_loc += frame_samples;
+         f->previous_length = 0;
+         maybe_start_packet(f);
+         flush_packet(f);
+      }
+   }
+   // the next frame should start with the sample
+   if (f->current_loc != sample_number) return error(f, VORBIS_seek_failed);
+   return 1;
+}
+
+int stb_vorbis_seek(stb_vorbis *f, unsigned int sample_number)
+{
+   if (!stb_vorbis_seek_frame(f, sample_number))
+      return 0;
+
+   if (sample_number != f->current_loc) {
+      int n;
+      uint32 frame_start = f->current_loc;
+      stb_vorbis_get_frame_float(f, &n, NULL);
+      assert(sample_number > frame_start);
+      assert(f->channel_buffer_start + (int) (sample_number-frame_start) <= f->channel_buffer_end);
+      f->channel_buffer_start += (sample_number - frame_start);
+   }
+
+   return 1;
+}
+
+int stb_vorbis_seek_start(stb_vorbis *f)
+{
+   if (IS_PUSH_MODE(f)) { return error(f, VORBIS_invalid_api_mixing); }
+   set_file_offset(f, f->first_audio_page_offset);
+   f->previous_length = 0;
+   f->first_decode = TRUE;
+   f->next_seg = -1;
+   return vorbis_pump_first_frame(f);
+}
+
+unsigned int stb_vorbis_stream_length_in_samples(stb_vorbis *f)
+{
+   unsigned int restore_offset, previous_safe;
+   unsigned int end, last_page_loc;
+
+   if (IS_PUSH_MODE(f)) return error(f, VORBIS_invalid_api_mixing);
+   if (!f->total_samples) {
+      unsigned int last;
+      uint32 lo,hi;
+      char header[6];
+
+      // first, store the current decode position so we can restore it
+      restore_offset = stb_vorbis_get_file_offset(f);
+
+      // now we want to seek back 64K from the end (the last page must
+      // be at most a little less than 64K, but let's allow a little slop)
+      if (f->stream_len >= 65536 && f->stream_len-65536 >= f->first_audio_page_offset)
+         previous_safe = f->stream_len - 65536;
+      else
+         previous_safe = f->first_audio_page_offset;
+
+      set_file_offset(f, previous_safe);
+      // previous_safe is now our candidate 'earliest known place that seeking
+      // to will lead to the final page'
+
+      if (!vorbis_find_page(f, &end, &last)) {
+         // if we can't find a page, we're hosed!
+         f->error = VORBIS_cant_find_last_page;
+         f->total_samples = 0xffffffff;
+         goto done;
+      }
+
+      // check if there are more pages
+      last_page_loc = stb_vorbis_get_file_offset(f);
+
+      // stop when the last_page flag is set, not when we reach eof;
+      // this allows us to stop short of a 'file_section' end without
+      // explicitly checking the length of the section
+      while (!last) {
+         set_file_offset(f, end);
+         if (!vorbis_find_page(f, &end, &last)) {
+            // the last page we found didn't have the 'last page' flag
+            // set. whoops!
+            break;
+         }
+         //previous_safe = last_page_loc+1; // NOTE: not used after this point, but note for debugging
+         last_page_loc = stb_vorbis_get_file_offset(f);
+      }
+
+      set_file_offset(f, last_page_loc);
+
+      // parse the header
+      getn(f, (unsigned char *)header, 6);
+      // extract the absolute granule position
+      lo = get32(f);
+      hi = get32(f);
+      if (lo == 0xffffffff && hi == 0xffffffff) {
+         f->error = VORBIS_cant_find_last_page;
+         f->total_samples = SAMPLE_unknown;
+         goto done;
+      }
+      if (hi)
+         lo = 0xfffffffe; // saturate
+      f->total_samples = lo;
+
+      f->p_last.page_start = last_page_loc;
+      f->p_last.page_end   = end;
+      f->p_last.last_decoded_sample = lo;
+
+     done:
+      set_file_offset(f, restore_offset);
+   }
+   return f->total_samples == SAMPLE_unknown ? 0 : f->total_samples;
+}
+
+float stb_vorbis_stream_length_in_seconds(stb_vorbis *f)
+{
+   return stb_vorbis_stream_length_in_samples(f) / (float) f->sample_rate;
+}
+
+
+
+int stb_vorbis_get_frame_float(stb_vorbis *f, int *channels, float ***output)
+{
+   int len, right,left,i;
+   if (IS_PUSH_MODE(f)) return error(f, VORBIS_invalid_api_mixing);
+
+   if (!vorbis_decode_packet(f, &len, &left, &right)) {
+      f->channel_buffer_start = f->channel_buffer_end = 0;
+      return 0;
+   }
+
+   len = vorbis_finish_frame(f, len, left, right);
+   for (i=0; i < f->channels; ++i)
+      f->outputs[i] = f->channel_buffers[i] + left;
+
+   f->channel_buffer_start = left;
+   f->channel_buffer_end   = left+len;
+
+   if (channels) *channels = f->channels;
+   if (output)   *output = f->outputs;
+   return len;
+}
+
+#ifndef STB_VORBIS_NO_STDIO
+
+stb_vorbis * stb_vorbis_open_file_section(FILE *file, int close_on_free, int *error, const stb_vorbis_alloc *alloc, unsigned int length)
+{
+   stb_vorbis *f, p;
+   vorbis_init(&p, alloc);
+   p.f = file;
+   p.f_start = (uint32) ftell(file);
+   p.stream_len   = length;
+   p.close_on_free = close_on_free;
+   if (start_decoder(&p)) {
+      f = vorbis_alloc(&p);
+      if (f) {
+         *f = p;
+         vorbis_pump_first_frame(f);
+         return f;
+      }
+   }
+   if (error) *error = p.error;
+   vorbis_deinit(&p);
+   return NULL;
+}
+
+stb_vorbis * stb_vorbis_open_file(FILE *file, int close_on_free, int *error, const stb_vorbis_alloc *alloc)
+{
+   unsigned int len, start;
+   start = (unsigned int) ftell(file);
+   fseek(file, 0, SEEK_END);
+   len = (unsigned int) (ftell(file) - start);
+   fseek(file, start, SEEK_SET);
+   return stb_vorbis_open_file_section(file, close_on_free, error, alloc, len);
+}
+
+stb_vorbis * stb_vorbis_open_filename(const char *filename, int *error, const stb_vorbis_alloc *alloc)
+{
+   FILE *f;
+#if defined(_WIN32) && defined(__STDC_WANT_SECURE_LIB__)
+   if (0 != fopen_s(&f, filename, "rb"))
+      f = NULL;
+#else
+   f = fopen(filename, "rb");
+#endif
+   if (f)
+      return stb_vorbis_open_file(f, TRUE, error, alloc);
+   if (error) *error = VORBIS_file_open_failure;
+   return NULL;
+}
+#endif // STB_VORBIS_NO_STDIO
+
+stb_vorbis * stb_vorbis_open_memory(const unsigned char *data, int len, int *error, const stb_vorbis_alloc *alloc)
+{
+   stb_vorbis *f, p;
+   if (!data) {
+      if (error) *error = VORBIS_unexpected_eof;
+      return NULL;
+   }
+   vorbis_init(&p, alloc);
+   p.stream = (uint8 *) data;
+   p.stream_end = (uint8 *) data + len;
+   p.stream_start = (uint8 *) p.stream;
+   p.stream_len = len;
+   p.push_mode = FALSE;
+   if (start_decoder(&p)) {
+      f = vorbis_alloc(&p);
+      if (f) {
+         *f = p;
+         vorbis_pump_first_frame(f);
+         if (error) *error = VORBIS__no_error;
+         return f;
+      }
+   }
+   if (error) *error = p.error;
+   vorbis_deinit(&p);
+   return NULL;
+}
+
+#ifndef STB_VORBIS_NO_INTEGER_CONVERSION
+#define PLAYBACK_MONO     1
+#define PLAYBACK_LEFT     2
+#define PLAYBACK_RIGHT    4
+
+#define L  (PLAYBACK_LEFT  | PLAYBACK_MONO)
+#define C  (PLAYBACK_LEFT  | PLAYBACK_RIGHT | PLAYBACK_MONO)
+#define R  (PLAYBACK_RIGHT | PLAYBACK_MONO)
+
+static int8 channel_position[7][6] =
+{
+   { 0 },
+   { C },
+   { L, R },
+   { L, C, R },
+   { L, R, L, R },
+   { L, C, R, L, R },
+   { L, C, R, L, R, C },
+};
+
+
+#ifndef STB_VORBIS_NO_FAST_SCALED_FLOAT
+   typedef union {
+      float f;
+      int i;
+   } float_conv;
+   typedef char stb_vorbis_float_size_test[sizeof(float)==4 && sizeof(int) == 4];
+   #define FASTDEF(x) float_conv x
+   // add (1<<23) to convert to int, then divide by 2^SHIFT, then add 0.5/2^SHIFT to round
+   #define MAGIC(SHIFT) (1.5f * (1 << (23-SHIFT)) + 0.5f/(1 << SHIFT))
+   #define ADDEND(SHIFT) (((150-SHIFT) << 23) + (1 << 22))
+   #define FAST_SCALED_FLOAT_TO_INT(temp,x,s) (temp.f = (x) + MAGIC(s), temp.i - ADDEND(s))
+   #define check_endianness()
+#else
+   #define FAST_SCALED_FLOAT_TO_INT(temp,x,s) ((int) ((x) * (1 << (s))))
+   #define check_endianness()
+   #define FASTDEF(x)
+#endif
+
+static void copy_samples(short *dest, float *src, int len)
+{
+   int i;
+   check_endianness();
+   for (i=0; i < len; ++i) {
+      FASTDEF(temp);
+      int v = FAST_SCALED_FLOAT_TO_INT(temp, src[i],15);
+      if ((unsigned int) (v + 32768) > 65535)
+         v = v < 0 ? -32768 : 32767;
+      dest[i] = v;
+   }
+}
+
+static void compute_samples(int mask, short *output, int num_c, float **data, int d_offset, int len)
+{
+   #define STB_BUFFER_SIZE  32
+   float buffer[STB_BUFFER_SIZE];
+   int i,j,o,n = STB_BUFFER_SIZE;
+   check_endianness();
+   for (o = 0; o < len; o += STB_BUFFER_SIZE) {
+      memset(buffer, 0, sizeof(buffer));
+      if (o + n > len) n = len - o;
+      for (j=0; j < num_c; ++j) {
+         if (channel_position[num_c][j] & mask) {
+            for (i=0; i < n; ++i)
+               buffer[i] += data[j][d_offset+o+i];
+         }
+      }
+      for (i=0; i < n; ++i) {
+         FASTDEF(temp);
+         int v = FAST_SCALED_FLOAT_TO_INT(temp,buffer[i],15);
+         if ((unsigned int) (v + 32768) > 65535)
+            v = v < 0 ? -32768 : 32767;
+         output[o+i] = v;
+      }
+   }
+   #undef STB_BUFFER_SIZE
+}
+
+static void compute_stereo_samples(short *output, int num_c, float **data, int d_offset, int len)
+{
+   #define STB_BUFFER_SIZE  32
+   float buffer[STB_BUFFER_SIZE];
+   int i,j,o,n = STB_BUFFER_SIZE >> 1;
+   // o is the offset in the source data
+   check_endianness();
+   for (o = 0; o < len; o += STB_BUFFER_SIZE >> 1) {
+      // o2 is the offset in the output data
+      int o2 = o << 1;
+      memset(buffer, 0, sizeof(buffer));
+      if (o + n > len) n = len - o;
+      for (j=0; j < num_c; ++j) {
+         int m = channel_position[num_c][j] & (PLAYBACK_LEFT | PLAYBACK_RIGHT);
+         if (m == (PLAYBACK_LEFT | PLAYBACK_RIGHT)) {
+            for (i=0; i < n; ++i) {
+               buffer[i*2+0] += data[j][d_offset+o+i];
+               buffer[i*2+1] += data[j][d_offset+o+i];
+            }
+         } else if (m == PLAYBACK_LEFT) {
+            for (i=0; i < n; ++i) {
+               buffer[i*2+0] += data[j][d_offset+o+i];
+            }
+         } else if (m == PLAYBACK_RIGHT) {
+            for (i=0; i < n; ++i) {
+               buffer[i*2+1] += data[j][d_offset+o+i];
+            }
+         }
+      }
+      for (i=0; i < (n<<1); ++i) {
+         FASTDEF(temp);
+         int v = FAST_SCALED_FLOAT_TO_INT(temp,buffer[i],15);
+         if ((unsigned int) (v + 32768) > 65535)
+            v = v < 0 ? -32768 : 32767;
+         output[o2+i] = v;
+      }
+   }
+   #undef STB_BUFFER_SIZE
+}
+
+static void convert_samples_short(int buf_c, short **buffer, int b_offset, int data_c, float **data, int d_offset, int samples)
+{
+   int i;
+   if (buf_c != data_c && buf_c <= 2 && data_c <= 6) {
+      static int channel_selector[3][2] = { {0}, {PLAYBACK_MONO}, {PLAYBACK_LEFT, PLAYBACK_RIGHT} };
+      for (i=0; i < buf_c; ++i)
+         compute_samples(channel_selector[buf_c][i], buffer[i]+b_offset, data_c, data, d_offset, samples);
+   } else {
+      int limit = buf_c < data_c ? buf_c : data_c;
+      for (i=0; i < limit; ++i)
+         copy_samples(buffer[i]+b_offset, data[i]+d_offset, samples);
+      for (   ; i < buf_c; ++i)
+         memset(buffer[i]+b_offset, 0, sizeof(short) * samples);
+   }
+}
+
+int stb_vorbis_get_frame_short(stb_vorbis *f, int num_c, short **buffer, int num_samples)
+{
+   float **output = NULL;
+   int len = stb_vorbis_get_frame_float(f, NULL, &output);
+   if (len > num_samples) len = num_samples;
+   if (len)
+      convert_samples_short(num_c, buffer, 0, f->channels, output, 0, len);
+   return len;
+}
+
+static void convert_channels_short_interleaved(int buf_c, short *buffer, int data_c, float **data, int d_offset, int len)
+{
+   int i;
+   check_endianness();
+   if (buf_c != data_c && buf_c <= 2 && data_c <= 6) {
+      assert(buf_c == 2);
+      for (i=0; i < buf_c; ++i)
+         compute_stereo_samples(buffer, data_c, data, d_offset, len);
+   } else {
+      int limit = buf_c < data_c ? buf_c : data_c;
+      int j;
+      for (j=0; j < len; ++j) {
+         for (i=0; i < limit; ++i) {
+            FASTDEF(temp);
+            float f = data[i][d_offset+j];
+            int v = FAST_SCALED_FLOAT_TO_INT(temp, f,15);//data[i][d_offset+j],15);
+            if ((unsigned int) (v + 32768) > 65535)
+               v = v < 0 ? -32768 : 32767;
+            *buffer++ = v;
+         }
+         for (   ; i < buf_c; ++i)
+            *buffer++ = 0;
+      }
+   }
+}
+
+int stb_vorbis_get_frame_short_interleaved(stb_vorbis *f, int num_c, short *buffer, int num_shorts)
+{
+   float **output;
+   int len;
+   if (num_c == 1) return stb_vorbis_get_frame_short(f,num_c,&buffer, num_shorts);
+   len = stb_vorbis_get_frame_float(f, NULL, &output);
+   if (len) {
+      if (len*num_c > num_shorts) len = num_shorts / num_c;
+      convert_channels_short_interleaved(num_c, buffer, f->channels, output, 0, len);
+   }
+   return len;
+}
+
+int stb_vorbis_get_samples_short_interleaved(stb_vorbis *f, int channels, short *buffer, int num_shorts)
+{
+   float **outputs;
+   int len = num_shorts / channels;
+   int n=0;
+   while (n < len) {
+      int k = f->channel_buffer_end - f->channel_buffer_start;
+      if (n+k >= len) k = len - n;
+      if (k)
+         convert_channels_short_interleaved(channels, buffer, f->channels, f->channel_buffers, f->channel_buffer_start, k);
+      buffer += k*channels;
+      n += k;
+      f->channel_buffer_start += k;
+      if (n == len) break;
+      if (!stb_vorbis_get_frame_float(f, NULL, &outputs)) break;
+   }
+   return n;
+}
+
+int stb_vorbis_get_samples_short(stb_vorbis *f, int channels, short **buffer, int len)
+{
+   float **outputs;
+   int n=0;
+   while (n < len) {
+      int k = f->channel_buffer_end - f->channel_buffer_start;
+      if (n+k >= len) k = len - n;
+      if (k)
+         convert_samples_short(channels, buffer, n, f->channels, f->channel_buffers, f->channel_buffer_start, k);
+      n += k;
+      f->channel_buffer_start += k;
+      if (n == len) break;
+      if (!stb_vorbis_get_frame_float(f, NULL, &outputs)) break;
+   }
+   return n;
+}
+
+#ifndef STB_VORBIS_NO_STDIO
+int stb_vorbis_decode_filename(const char *filename, int *channels, int *sample_rate, short **output)
+{
+   int data_len, offset, total, limit, error;
+   short *data;
+   stb_vorbis *v = stb_vorbis_open_filename(filename, &error, NULL);
+   if (v == NULL) return -1;
+   limit = v->channels * 4096;
+   *channels = v->channels;
+   if (sample_rate)
+      *sample_rate = v->sample_rate;
+   offset = data_len = 0;
+   total = limit;
+   data = (short *) malloc(total * sizeof(*data));
+   if (data == NULL) {
+      stb_vorbis_close(v);
+      return -2;
+   }
+   for (;;) {
+      int n = stb_vorbis_get_frame_short_interleaved(v, v->channels, data+offset, total-offset);
+      if (n == 0) break;
+      data_len += n;
+      offset += n * v->channels;
+      if (offset + limit > total) {
+         short *data2;
+         total *= 2;
+         data2 = (short *) realloc(data, total * sizeof(*data));
+         if (data2 == NULL) {
+            free(data);
+            stb_vorbis_close(v);
+            return -2;
+         }
+         data = data2;
+      }
+   }
+   *output = data;
+   stb_vorbis_close(v);
+   return data_len;
+}
+#endif // NO_STDIO
+
+int stb_vorbis_decode_memory(const uint8 *mem, int len, int *channels, int *sample_rate, short **output)
+{
+   int data_len, offset, total, limit, error;
+   short *data;
+   stb_vorbis *v = stb_vorbis_open_memory(mem, len, &error, NULL);
+   if (v == NULL) return -1;
+   limit = v->channels * 4096;
+   *channels = v->channels;
+   if (sample_rate)
+      *sample_rate = v->sample_rate;
+   offset = data_len = 0;
+   total = limit;
+   data = (short *) malloc(total * sizeof(*data));
+   if (data == NULL) {
+      stb_vorbis_close(v);
+      return -2;
+   }
+   for (;;) {
+      int n = stb_vorbis_get_frame_short_interleaved(v, v->channels, data+offset, total-offset);
+      if (n == 0) break;
+      data_len += n;
+      offset += n * v->channels;
+      if (offset + limit > total) {
+         short *data2;
+         total *= 2;
+         data2 = (short *) realloc(data, total * sizeof(*data));
+         if (data2 == NULL) {
+            free(data);
+            stb_vorbis_close(v);
+            return -2;
+         }
+         data = data2;
+      }
+   }
+   *output = data;
+   stb_vorbis_close(v);
+   return data_len;
+}
+#endif // STB_VORBIS_NO_INTEGER_CONVERSION
+
+int stb_vorbis_get_samples_float_interleaved(stb_vorbis *f, int channels, float *buffer, int num_floats)
+{
+   float **outputs;
+   int len = num_floats / channels;
+   int n=0;
+   int z = f->channels;
+   if (z > channels) z = channels;
+   while (n < len) {
+      int i,j;
+      int k = f->channel_buffer_end - f->channel_buffer_start;
+      if (n+k >= len) k = len - n;
+      for (j=0; j < k; ++j) {
+         for (i=0; i < z; ++i)
+            *buffer++ = f->channel_buffers[i][f->channel_buffer_start+j];
+         for (   ; i < channels; ++i)
+            *buffer++ = 0;
+      }
+      n += k;
+      f->channel_buffer_start += k;
+      if (n == len)
+         break;
+      if (!stb_vorbis_get_frame_float(f, NULL, &outputs))
+         break;
+   }
+   return n;
+}
+
+int stb_vorbis_get_samples_float(stb_vorbis *f, int channels, float **buffer, int num_samples)
+{
+   float **outputs;
+   int n=0;
+   int z = f->channels;
+   if (z > channels) z = channels;
+   while (n < num_samples) {
+      int i;
+      int k = f->channel_buffer_end - f->channel_buffer_start;
+      if (n+k >= num_samples) k = num_samples - n;
+      if (k) {
+         for (i=0; i < z; ++i)
+            memcpy(buffer[i]+n, f->channel_buffers[i]+f->channel_buffer_start, sizeof(float)*k);
+         for (   ; i < channels; ++i)
+            memset(buffer[i]+n, 0, sizeof(float) * k);
+      }
+      n += k;
+      f->channel_buffer_start += k;
+      if (n == num_samples)
+         break;
+      if (!stb_vorbis_get_frame_float(f, NULL, &outputs))
+         break;
+   }
+   return n;
+}
+#endif // STB_VORBIS_NO_PULLDATA_API
+
+/* Version history
+    1.17    - 2019-07-08 - fix CVE-2019-13217, -13218, -13219, -13220, -13221, -13222, -13223
+                           found with Mayhem by ForAllSecure
+    1.16    - 2019-03-04 - fix warnings
+    1.15    - 2019-02-07 - explicit failure if Ogg Skeleton data is found
+    1.14    - 2018-02-11 - delete bogus dealloca usage
+    1.13    - 2018-01-29 - fix truncation of last frame (hopefully)
+    1.12    - 2017-11-21 - limit residue begin/end to blocksize/2 to avoid large temp allocs in bad/corrupt files
+    1.11    - 2017-07-23 - fix MinGW compilation
+    1.10    - 2017-03-03 - more robust seeking; fix negative ilog(); clear error in open_memory
+    1.09    - 2016-04-04 - back out 'avoid discarding last frame' fix from previous version
+    1.08    - 2016-04-02 - fixed multiple warnings; fix setup memory leaks;
+                           avoid discarding last frame of audio data
+    1.07    - 2015-01-16 - fixed some warnings, fix mingw, const-correct API
+                           some more crash fixes when out of memory or with corrupt files
+    1.06    - 2015-08-31 - full, correct support for seeking API (Dougall Johnson)
+                           some crash fixes when out of memory or with corrupt files
+    1.05    - 2015-04-19 - don't define __forceinline if it's redundant
+    1.04    - 2014-08-27 - fix missing const-correct case in API
+    1.03    - 2014-08-07 - Warning fixes
+    1.02    - 2014-07-09 - Declare qsort compare function _cdecl on windows
+    1.01    - 2014-06-18 - fix stb_vorbis_get_samples_float
+    1.0     - 2014-05-26 - fix memory leaks; fix warnings; fix bugs in multichannel
+                           (API change) report sample rate for decode-full-file funcs
+    0.99996 - bracket #include <malloc.h> for macintosh compilation by Laurent Gomila
+    0.99995 - use union instead of pointer-cast for fast-float-to-int to avoid alias-optimization problem
+    0.99994 - change fast-float-to-int to work in single-precision FPU mode, remove endian-dependence
+    0.99993 - remove assert that fired on legal files with empty tables
+    0.99992 - rewind-to-start
+    0.99991 - bugfix to stb_vorbis_get_samples_short by Bernhard Wodo
+    0.9999 - (should have been 0.99990) fix no-CRT support, compiling as C++
+    0.9998 - add a full-decode function with a memory source
+    0.9997 - fix a bug in the read-from-FILE case in 0.9996 addition
+    0.9996 - query length of vorbis stream in samples/seconds
+    0.9995 - bugfix to another optimization that only happened in certain files
+    0.9994 - bugfix to one of the optimizations that caused significant (but inaudible?) errors
+    0.9993 - performance improvements; runs in 99% to 104% of time of reference implementation
+    0.9992 - performance improvement of IMDCT; now performs close to reference implementation
+    0.9991 - performance improvement of IMDCT
+    0.999 - (should have been 0.9990) performance improvement of IMDCT
+    0.998 - no-CRT support from Casey Muratori
+    0.997 - bugfixes for bugs found by Terje Mathisen
+    0.996 - bugfix: fast-huffman decode initialized incorrectly for sparse codebooks; fixing gives 10% speedup - found by Terje Mathisen
+    0.995 - bugfix: fix to 'effective' overrun detection - found by Terje Mathisen
+    0.994 - bugfix: garbage decode on final VQ symbol of a non-multiple - found by Terje Mathisen
+    0.993 - bugfix: pushdata API required 1 extra byte for empty page (failed to consume final page if empty) - found by Terje Mathisen
+    0.992 - fixes for MinGW warning
+    0.991 - turn fast-float-conversion on by default
+    0.990 - fix push-mode seek recovery if you seek into the headers
+    0.98b - fix to bad release of 0.98
+    0.98 - fix push-mode seek recovery; robustify float-to-int and support non-fast mode
+    0.97 - builds under c++ (typecasting, don't use 'class' keyword)
+    0.96 - somehow MY 0.95 was right, but the web one was wrong, so here's my 0.95 rereleased as 0.96, fixes a typo in the clamping code
+    0.95 - clamping code for 16-bit functions
+    0.94 - not publically released
+    0.93 - fixed all-zero-floor case (was decoding garbage)
+    0.92 - fixed a memory leak
+    0.91 - conditional compiles to omit parts of the API and the infrastructure to support them: STB_VORBIS_NO_PULLDATA_API, STB_VORBIS_NO_PUSHDATA_API, STB_VORBIS_NO_STDIO, STB_VORBIS_NO_INTEGER_CONVERSION
+    0.90 - first public release
+*/
+
+#endif // STB_VORBIS_HEADER_ONLY
+
+
+/*
+------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+This software is available under 2 licenses -- choose whichever you prefer.
+------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ALTERNATIVE A - MIT License
+Copyright (c) 2017 Sean Barrett
+Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of
+this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal in
+the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights to
+use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies
+of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do
+so, subject to the following conditions:
+The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
+copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
+SOFTWARE.
+------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ALTERNATIVE B - Public Domain (www.unlicense.org)
+This is free and unencumbered software released into the public domain.
+Anyone is free to copy, modify, publish, use, compile, sell, or distribute this
+software, either in source code form or as a compiled binary, for any purpose,
+commercial or non-commercial, and by any means.
+In jurisdictions that recognize copyright laws, the author or authors of this
+software dedicate any and all copyright interest in the software to the public
+domain. We make this dedication for the benefit of the public at large and to
+the detriment of our heirs and successors. We intend this dedication to be an
+overt act of relinquishment in perpetuity of all present and future rights to
+this software under copyright law.
+THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+AUTHORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN
+ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION
+WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
+------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+*/
diff --git a/include/fggl/gfx/atlas.hpp b/include/fggl/gfx/atlas.hpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7eeef4e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/fggl/gfx/atlas.hpp
@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+#ifndef FGGL_GFX_ATLAS_H
+#define FGGL_GFX_ATLAS_H
+
+#include <fggl/math/types.hpp>
+#include <vector>
+
+namespace fggl::gfx {
+
+    struct Bounds2D {
+        glm::ivec2 pos;
+        glm::ivec2 size;
+    };
+    bool pack( std::vector<Bounds2D>& bounds);
+
+    template<typename T>
+    class ImageAtlas {
+        public:
+            struct SubImage {
+                const T name;
+                Bounds2D bounds;
+            };
+
+            SubImage& locate( int id ) const;
+            SubImage& locate( const T& name ) const;
+
+            static ImageAtlas<T>* pack( std::vector<SubImage>& images ) {
+                // extract bounds
+                std::vector<Bounds2D> bounds;
+                for( auto& image : images ) {
+                    bounds.push_back( image.bounds );
+                }
+
+                // allocate the bounds back
+                auto result = gfx::pack( bounds );
+                for ( std::size_t i = 0; i < images.size(); i++ ) {
+                    images[i].bounds = bounds[i];
+                }
+
+                return new ImageAtlas<T>(images);
+            }
+
+        private:
+            ImageAtlas(const std::vector<SubImage>& images) : m_images( images ) {
+            }
+
+            std::vector<SubImage> m_images;
+    };
+
+};
+
+#endif
diff --git a/include/fggl/gfx/ogl/compat.hpp b/include/fggl/gfx/ogl/compat.hpp
index fe09fd0..3c1cecd 100644
--- a/include/fggl/gfx/ogl/compat.hpp
+++ b/include/fggl/gfx/ogl/compat.hpp
@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ namespace fggl::gfx {
 
             auto pipeline = cache.get("phong");
             glMesh.pipeline = pipeline;
-            glMesh.renderType = GlRenderType::trinagle_strip;
+            glMesh.renderType = GlRenderType::triangle_strip;
             world->set<fggl::gfx::GlRenderToken>(entity, &glMesh);
         }
 
diff --git a/include/fggl/gfx/ogl/renderer.hpp b/include/fggl/gfx/ogl/renderer.hpp
index aed7979..59a3dd9 100644
--- a/include/fggl/gfx/ogl/renderer.hpp
+++ b/include/fggl/gfx/ogl/renderer.hpp
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@
 namespace fggl::gfx {
 
 	enum GlRenderType {
-		triangles = GL_TRIANGLES, trinagle_strip = GL_TRIANGLE_STRIP
+		triangles = GL_TRIANGLES, triangle_strip = GL_TRIANGLE_STRIP
 	};
 
 	struct GlRenderToken {
diff --git a/include/fggl/gfx/paint.hpp b/include/fggl/gfx/paint.hpp
index 74ac95e..cc2a3e1 100644
--- a/include/fggl/gfx/paint.hpp
+++ b/include/fggl/gfx/paint.hpp
@@ -61,6 +61,11 @@ namespace fggl::gfx {
         PaintType type;
         Path2D path;
     };
+    
+    struct TextCmd {
+    	const std::string text;
+    	const math::vec2 pos;
+    };
 
     class Paint {
         public:
@@ -74,6 +79,10 @@ namespace fggl::gfx {
             void stroke(Path2D& path) {
                 m_cmds.push_back( { PaintType::STROKE, path } );
             }
+            
+            void text(const std::string& text, const math::vec2& pos) {
+            	m_text.push_back( { text, pos } );
+            }
 
             const std::vector< PaintCmd >& cmds() const {
                 return m_cmds;
@@ -81,6 +90,7 @@ namespace fggl::gfx {
 
         private:
             std::vector< PaintCmd > m_cmds;
+            std::vector< TextCmd > m_text;
     };
 
 }
diff --git a/include/fggl/gui/containers.hpp b/include/fggl/gui/containers.hpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5192fcc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/fggl/gui/containers.hpp
@@ -0,0 +1,63 @@
+#ifndef FGGL_GUI_CONTAINERS_H
+#define FGGL_GUI_CONTAINERS_H
+
+#include <fggl/gui/widget.hpp>
+
+namespace fggl::gui {
+   
+   class Widget {
+       public:
+           Widget() = default;
+           
+           virtual math::vec2 baseSize();
+           
+           void size(math::vec2 size);
+           math::vec2 size() const;
+           
+           virtual bool contains(const math::vec2& point);
+           virtual Widget* getChildAt(const math::vec2& point);
+           
+           virtual void render(gfx::Paint& paint) = 0;
+   };
+   
+   class Container : public Widget {
+   	public:
+   		Container() = default;
+   		
+   		void clear();
+   		Widget* getChildAt(const std::math& point) override;
+   		
+   		void add(Widget&& widget);
+   		virtual void layout() = 0;
+   
+   	private:
+   		bool requireLayout;
+   		std::vector<std::unique_ptr<Widget>> m_children;
+   };
+   
+   enum class LayoutAxis {
+   	LINE_AXIS,
+   	PAGE_AXIS
+   };
+   
+   /**
+    * A box-like container.
+    * This container lines child elements up along an axis.
+    * 
+    * This is a fairly common approach in may layout frameworks, for example:
+    *   * Java's BoxLayout
+    *   * GTK's Boxes
+    *   * QT's QBoxLayout
+    *   * Android's XML box things
+    */
+   class Box : public Container {
+   	public:
+   		Box( LayoutAxis axis );
+   		void layout() override;
+   	private:
+   		const LayoutAxis m_axis;
+   }
+
+}; //namespace fggl::gui
+
+#endif
diff --git a/include/fggl/gui/gui.hpp b/include/fggl/gui/gui.hpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e31d655
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/fggl/gui/gui.hpp
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+#ifndef FGGL_GUI_H
+#define FGGL_GUI_H
+
+namespace fggl::gui {
+}; //namespace fggl::gui
+
+#include <fggl/gui/widget.hpp>
+
+#endif
diff --git a/include/fggl/gui/widget.hpp b/include/fggl/gui/widget.hpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a78b8e4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/fggl/gui/widget.hpp
@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+#ifndef FGGL_GUI_WIDGET_H
+#define FGGL_GUI_WIDGET_H
+
+#include <fggl/math/types.hpp>
+#include <fggl/gfx/paint.hpp>
+
+namespace fggl::gui {
+   
+   class Widget {
+       public:
+           Widget() = default;
+           
+           virtual bool contains(const math::vec2& point);
+           virtual Widget* getChildAt(const math::vec2& point);
+           
+           virtual void render(gfx::Paint& paint) = 0;
+   };
+   
+   class Container : public Widget {
+   	public:
+   		Container() = default;
+   		
+   		void clear();
+   		Widget* getChildAt(const std::math& point) override;
+   		
+   		void add(Widget&& widget);
+   
+   	private:
+   		bool requireLayout;
+   		std::vector<std::unique_ptr<Widget>> m_children;
+   };
+
+}; //namespace fggl::gui
+
+#endif
diff --git a/include/fggl/gui/widgets.hpp b/include/fggl/gui/widgets.hpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5442c9c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/fggl/gui/widgets.hpp
@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+#ifndef FGGL_GUI_WIDGETS_H
+#define FGGL_GUI_WIDGETS_H
+
+#include <fggl/gui/widget.hpp>
+
+namespace fggl::gui {
+   
+   class Button : public Widget {
+   	public:
+   		Button();
+   		void render(gfx::Paint& paint) override;
+   	private:
+   		const std::string m_value;
+   };
+   
+   class Label : public Widget {
+   	public:
+   		Label();
+   		void render(gfx::Paint& paint) override;
+   };
+   
+   class TextField : public Widget {
+   	public:
+   		TextField();
+   		void render(gfx::Paint& paint) override;
+   };
+   
+   class Toggle : public Widget {
+   	public:
+   		Toggle();
+   		void render(gfx::Paint& paint) override;
+   };
+
+}; //namespace fggl::gui
+
+#endif
-- 
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